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1、Polity*Volume40,Number1*January2008©2008NortheasternPoliticalScienceAssociation0032-3497/08$30.00www.palgrave-journals.com/polityRationalChoiceAnalysisInClassicalChinesePoliticalThought:TheHanFeiziPeterR.Moody,Jr.UniversityofNotreDameAreaspecialistsandothershavecri
2、ticizedtherationalchoiceapproachtopoliticalanalysisasculture-bound,reflectingamodernwesternethnocentricperspective.AstudyoftheHanFeizi,themaintextoftheclassicChineseLegalistschool,showsthattheapproachappliesinculturalcontextsgreatlydifferentfromthecontemporarywest,
3、andthatitcanbeusedtoanalyzenotsimplydemocraticpoliticsbutalsothepoliticsofdespotism.TheHanFeizialsomakesclearhowever,thatrationalitycannotbeunderstoodintheabstract,butonlyinthecontextofwhatthetextcallstheshi(roughly,"circumstances").Themoreusefulformsofpoliticalana
4、lysisarenotrestrictedtoareconstructionofwhatisrational,buttraceoutthecharacteristicsoftheshi-thepolitical,historical,cultural,andpsychologicalcontextconditioningactionanddefining,atleastinpart,whatconstitutesrationality.Polity(2008)40,95-119.doi:10.1057/palgrave.po
5、lity.2300068KeywordsHanFeizi;rationalchoice;legalism;warringstatesPeterR.Moody,Jr.,teachesinthePoliticalScienceDepartmentinUniversityofNotreDame,andspecializesinChinesepoliticsandeastAsianinternationalrelations.Hecanbereachedatpmoody@nd.eduAmanfromZheng,needingsome
6、shoes,measuredhisfeet,butleftthemeasurementsbehindonhischair.Whenhegottomarkethesawhehadforgottentobringthemeasurements.Hefoundsomeshoes,but,noticingthathehadleftthemeasurementsathome,wentbacktofetchthem.Bythetimehegotbacktothemarket,itwasclosed,andsohedidnotgetany
7、shoes.Someonesaid,"Whydidn'tyoujusttrythemonyourfeet?"Themansaid,"Itrustthemeasurements,notmyfeet"'1.HanFeizi,"OuterCongeriesofSayings,UpperLeft";HanFeizi,annotatedbyZhangJue(Taipei:TaiwanGujieChubanshe,1996),701(thecitationstotheChineserefertothisedition);WK.Liao,
8、HanFeiTzu:WorksfromtheChinese,VolumeIf(London:AProbstain,1959),50-51.HanFei'sspecificreferenceistothosewhorelyonthemodelofthe"formerkings."96THEH
