大学英语第六册

《大学英语第六册》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

UNIT1Ayoungmanfindsthatstrollingalongthestreetswithoutanobviouspurposecanleadtotroublewiththelaw.OnemisunderstandingleadstoanotheruntileventuallyhemustappearincourtfortrialABrushwiththeLawIhaveonlyoncebeenintroublewiththelaw.Thewholeprocessofbeingarrestedandtakentocourtwasaratherunpleasantexperienceatthetime,butitmakesagoodstorynow.Whatmakesitratherdisturbingwasthearbitrarycircumstancesbothofmyarrestandmysubsequentfateincourt.InhappenedinFebruaryabouttwelveyearsago.Ihadleftschoola（x）upleofmonthsbeforethatandwasnotduetogotouniversityuntilthefollowingOctober.Iwasstilllivingathomeatthetime.OnemorningIwasinRichmond,asuburbofLondonnearwhereIlived.IwaslookingforatemporaryjobsothatIcouldsaveupsomemoneytogotravelling.AsitwasafinedayandIwasinnohurry,Iwastakingmytime,lookinginshopwindows,strollinginthepark,andsometimesjuststoppingandlookingaroundme.Itmusthavebeenthisobviousaimlessnessthatledtomydownfall.Itwasabouthalfpastelevenwhenithappened.Iwasjustwalkingoutofthelocallibrary,havingunsuccessfullysoughtemploymentthere,whenIsawamanwalkingacrosstheroadwiththeobviousintentionoftalkingtome.Ithoughthewasgoingtoaskmethetime.Instead,hesaidhewasapoliceofficerandhewasarrestingme.AtfirstIthoughtitwassomekindofjoke.Butthenanotherpolicemanappeared,thistimeinuniform,andIwasleftinnodoubt.,Butwhatfor?Iasked.“Wanderingwithintenttocommitanarrestableoffence,*hesaid.,Whatoffence?Iasked.'Theft,'hesaid.'Theftofwhat?Iasked.'Milkbottles/hesaid,andwithaperfectlystraightfacetoo!'Oh,'Isaid.

1Itturnedouttherehadbeenalotofpettytheftsinthearea,particularlythatofstealingmilkbottlesfromdoorsteps.ThenImademybigmistake.AtthetimeIwasnineteen,hadlonguntidyhair,andregardedmyselfaspartofthesixties*'youthcounterculture.Asaresult,Iwanttoappearcoolandunconcernedwiththeincident,soIsaid,*Howlonghaveyoubeenfollowingme?inthemostcasualandconversationtoneIcouldmanage.Ithusappearedtothemtobequitefamiliarwiththissortofsituation,anditconfirmedthemintheirbeliefthatIwasathoroughlydisreputablecharacter.Afewminuteslaterapolicecararrived.'Getintheback；*theysaid.*Putyourhandsonthebackofthefrontseatanddon*tmovethem.,Theygotinoneithersideofme.Iwasn'tfunnyanymore.Atthepolicestationtheyquestionedmeforseveralhours.Icontinuedtotrytolookworldlyandaufaitwiththesituation.WhentheyaskedmewhatIhadbeendoing,ItoldthemI'dbeenlookingforajob.'Aha,'Icouldseethemthinking,'unemployed'.Eventually,IwasofficiallychargedandtoldtoreporttoRichmondMagistrates*CourtthefollowingMonday.Thentheyletmego.Iwantedtoconductmyowndefenceincourt,butassoonasmyfatherfoundoutwhathadhappened,hehiredaverygoodsolicitor.WewentalongthatMondayarmedwithallkindsofwitnesses,includingmyEnglishteacherfromschoolasacharacterwitness.Buthewasnevercalledontogiveevidence.My'trial'didn*tgetthatfar.Themagistratedismissedthecaseafterfifteenminutes.Iwasfree.Thepoorpolicehadneverstoodachance.Thesolicitorevensucceededingettingcostsawardedagainstthepolice.AndsoIdonothaveacriminalrecord.Butwhatwasmostshockingatthetimewasthethingsmyreleasefromthechargesoclearlydependedon.Ihadthe'right'accent,respectablemiddle-classparentsincourt,reliablewitnesses,andIcouldobviouslyaffordaverygoodsolicitor.Gventheobscurenatureofthecharge,IfeelsurethatifIhadcomefromadifferentbackground,andhadreallybeenunemployed,thereiseverychancethatIwouldhavebeenfoundguilty.Whileaskingforcoststobeawarded,mysolicitor'scasequiteobviouslyrevolvedaroundthefactthatIhada'brilliantacademicrecord'.Meanwhile,justoutsidethecourtroom,oneofthepolicemenwhohadarrestedmewas

2gloomilycomplainingtomymotherthatanotheryoungsterhadbeenturnedagainstthepolice.'Youcouldhavebeenabitmorehelpfulwhenwearrestedyou,'hesaidtomereproachfully.Whatdidthemean?PresumablythatIshouldhavelookedoutragedandsaidsomethinglike,'Lookhere,doyouknowwhoyou'retalkingto?Iamahighlysuccessfulstudentwithabrilliantacademicrecord.Howdareyouarrestme!,Thenthey,presumably,wouldhaveapologized,perhapseventakenofftheircaps,andletmeonmyway.NEWWORDSbrushn.brieffightorencounter小冲突；小接触processn.course;method,esp.oneusedinmanufacture过程；制作法arbitrarya.basedonone'sownopiniononly,notonreason任意的：武断的circumstancen.(usu.pl.)conditions,facts,etc.connectedwithaneventorperson情况，环境subsequenta.following,later随后的，接下去的faten.whatwillhappenorhappenedtosb.orsth.命运duea.expected;supposed(to)预期的；约定的；到期的temporarya.lastingonlyforalimitedtime暂时的stroll

3a.walkatleisure散步，闲逛obviousa.easilyseenorunderstood;clear明显的，显而易见的downfalln.ruin垮台；衰落employmentn.one'sregularworkoroccupation;job职业；工作wandervi.moveaboutwithoutapurpose闲逛；漫游commitvt.do(sth.wrong,bad,orunlawful)干(坏事)，犯(错误、罪)arrestablea.deservingtobearrestedoffence(AmEoffense)n.crime;thehurtingoffeelings;somethingunpleasant罪行；冒犯；不愉快的事straightfaceafaceorexpressionthatshowsnoemotion,humor,orthought板着的脸pettya.small;unimportant小的；不足道的doorstepn.astepinfrontofadoorregardvt.considerinthestatedway把…•看作;把认为(as)

4counterculturen.aculture,esp.oftheyoungwhoopposethetraditionalstandardsandcustomsoftheirsociety反主流文化unconcerneda.notworried;untroubled;indifferent无忧虑的；淡漠的casuala.careless;informal漫不经心的，随便的conversationala.oforcommonlyusedintalking会话(用)的confirmvt.makecertain;support证实，肯定；确定beliefn.somethingbelieved;trust相信；信念；信仰thoroughlyad.completely;ineveryway完全地，彻底地thorougha.disreputablea.havingorshowingabadcharacter;havingabadname声名狼籍的worldlya.experiencedinthewaysofsociety老于世故的aufaita.(F)familiar熟悉的；精通的aha

5int.acryofsurprise,satisfaction,etc.啊哈！magistraten.civilofficeractingasajudgeinthelowestcourts地方法官conductvt.directthecourseof;manage主持；引导；指挥defence(AmEdefense)n.theactofdefendingincourtthepersonwhohasbeencharged辨护solicitorn.(esp.inBritain)lawyerwhoadvisesclientsonlegalmattersandspeaksontheirbehalfinlowercourts(初级)律师witnessn.apersonwhogivesevidenceinacourtoflaw;sth.servingasevidenceorproof证人；证据trialn.theactorfactofexamininganddecidingacivilorcriminalcasebyalawcourt审判dismissvt.(ofajudge)stop(acourtcase)驳回，对..…不予受理costn.(pl.)thecostofhavingamattersettledinalawcourt.esp.thatpaidtothewinningpartybythelosingparty诉讼费awardvt.givebyadecisionincourtoflaw;giveorgrantbyanofficialdecision判给；授予accentn.wayofspeakingtypicalofthenativesorresidentsofaregion,orofanyothergroup口音；腔调

6respectablea.deservingrespect值得尊敬的reliablea.thatmaybereliedordependedupon可靠的，可佶赖的givenprep.takingintoaccount;ifallowedorprovidedwith考虑至ij；假定obscurea.notclearlyseenorunderstood模糊的；晦涩的guiltya.havingbrokenalaw;showingorfeelingthatonehasdonewrong有罪的；内疚的revolvev.(causeto)goroundinacircle(使)旋转brillianta.causinggreatadmirationorsatisfaction;splendid辉煌的；卓越的courtroomn.aroomwherealawcourtisheld审判室meanwhilead.duringthesameperiodoftime同时gloomilyad.depressedly,dejectedly忧郁地；沮丧地complainvi.speakinanunhappy,annoyed,dissatisfiedway抱怨complaintn.

7reproachfullyad.责备地presumablyad.probablyoutragevt.arouseangerorresentmentbyinjuryorinsult弓I起的气愤successfula.havingdonewhatonehastriedtodo;havinggainedahighpositioninlife,one'sjob.etc.成功的；有成就的apologizevi.sayoneissorry道歉,谢罪apologyn.PHRASES&EXPRESSIONStakesb.tocourtstartanactioninlawagainstsb.对某人提出诉讼acoupleof(informal)asmallnumberof,afew,usuallytwo少数，几(个)；一对saveupkeepforfutureuse;putmoneyawayintheformofsavings储蓄takeone'stimedosth.inaleisurelymanner;nothurry慢'慢来，彳:着急atfirstatthebeginning起先turnout

8provetobe结果；证明是callonask(sb.)todosth.esp.formally要求standachancehaveanopportunity;belikelytodoorgetsth.有机会，有希望revolvearoundhaveasacenterormainsubjectturnagainst(causeto)oppose,behostiletoPROPERNAMESRichmond里士满(英国地名)RichmondMagistrates*Court里士满地方法院UNIT2AuntBettieisfacedwithadifficultdecision.AwoundedUnionsoldierisfoundhidinginafarmhousenearherhome.Shehastodecidewhethertohelphimorlethimbecaptured.Whatwillshechoosetodo?TheWomanWhoWouldNotTellJaniceKeyserLesterMlneverdidhatetheYankees.AllthathatedwasthewarThat'showmygreat-auntBettiebeganherstory.Ihearditmanytimesasachild,whenevermyfamilyvisitedAuntBettieintheoldhouseinBerryville,Virginia.AuntBettiewasalmost80yearsoldthen.ButIcouldpictureherasshewasinthestoryshetoldme

9barely20,pretty,withbrightblueeyes.BettieVanMetrehadgoodreasontohatetheQvilWar.Oneofherbrotherwask川edatGettysburg,anothertakenprisoner.Thenheryounghusband,James,aConfederateofficer,wascapturedandsenttoanunknownprisoncampsomewhere.OnehotdayinlateSeptemberDickRunner,aformerslave,cametoBettiewithastrangereport.HehadbeencheckingafarmhousehalfamileawayfromtheVanMetrehome,afarmhousehethoughtwasempty.Butinside,heheardlowgroans.Followingthemtotheattic,hefoundawoundedUnionsoldier,witharifleathisside.WhenAuntBettietoldmeaboutherfirstsightofthebeardedmaninthestainedblueuniform,shealwaysusedthesamewords."Itwaslikewalkingintoanightmare:thoseawfulbandages,thatdreadfulsmell.That'swhatwarisreallylike,child:nobuglesandbanners.Justpainandfilth,futilityanddeath.',ToBettieVanMetrethismanwasnotanenemybutratherasufferinghumanbeing.Shegavehimwaterandtriedtocleanhisterriblewounds.Thenshewentoutintothecoolairandleanedagainstthehouse,tryingnottobesickasshethoughtofwhatshehadseenthatsmashedrighthand,thatmissingleftleg.Theman*spapersBettiefoundintheatticestablishedhisidentity:Lt.HenryBedell,CompanyD,11thVermontVolunteers,30yearold.SheknewthatsheshouldreportthepresenceofthisUnionofficertotheConfederatearmy.Butshealsoknewthatshewouldnotdoit.Thisishowsheexplainedittome:"Ikeptwonderingifhehadawifesomewhere,waiting,andhoping,andnotknowingjustasIwas.Itseemedtomethattheonlythingthatmatteredwastogetherhusbandbacktoher.',Slowly,patiently,skillfully,JamesVanMetre'swifefannedthesparkoflifethatflickeredinHenryBedell.Ofdrugsormedicinesshehadalmostnone.AndshewasnotwillingtotakeanyfromthefewsuppliesattheConfederatehospital.Butshedidthebestshecouldwithwhatshehad.Ashisstrengthreturned,BedelltoldBettieabouthiswifeandchildreninWestfield,Vermont.AndBedelLlistenedasshetoldhimaboutherbrothersandaboutJames."Iknewhiswifemustbeprayingforhim,*'AuntBettiewouldsaytome,*'justasIwasprayingforJames.ItwasstrangehowcloseIfelttoher."TheOctobernightsinthevalleygrewcold.TheinfectioninBedell'swoundsflaredup.With

10Dickandhiswife,Jennie,helping,shemovedtheUnionofficeratnight,toabedinahiddenloftabovethewarmkitchenofherownhome.Butthenextday,Bedellhadahighfever.Knowingthatshemustgethelporhewoulddie,shewenttoherlong-timefriendandfamilydoctor.GrahamOsborne.Dr.OsborneexaminedBedell,thenshookhishead.Therewaslittlehope,hesaid,unlesspropermedicinecouldbefound.HAIIright,then,1'Bettiesaid.HrilgetitfromtheYankeesatHarpersFerry.*'Thedoctortoldhershewasmad.TheUnionheadquarterswerealmost20milesaway.Evenifshereachedthem,theYankeeswouldneverbelieveherstory.'Tiltakeproof,MBettiesaid.Shewenttotheloftandcamebackwithablood-stainedpaperbearingtheofficialWarDepartmentseal.HThisisarecordofhislastpromotion,'*shesaid."WhenIshowit,they*IIhavetobelieveme."Shemadethedoctorwriteroutlistofthemedicalitemsheneeded.Earlythenextmorningshesetoff.Forfivehoursshedrove,stoppingonlytorestherhorse.ThesunwasalmostdownwhenshefinallystoodbeforethecommandingofficeratHarpersFerry.Gen.JohnD.Stevensonlistened,butdidnotbelieveher."Madam,Mhesaid,"Bedell'sdeathwasreportedtous.”"He'salive,"Bettieinsisted.*'Buthewon'tbemuchlongerunlesshehasthemedicinesonthatlist."“Well,“thegeneralsaidfinally,notgoingtoriskthelivesofapatroljusttofindout.'*Heturnedtoajuniorofficer.HSeethatMrs.VanMetregetsthesupplies."HebrushedasideBettie'sthanks.''You'reabravewoman,"hesaid,"whetheryou'retellingthetruthornot.',WiththemedicinesthatBettiecarriedtoBerryville,Dr.OsbornebroughtBedellthroughthecrisis.TendayslaterBedellwashobblingonapairofcrutchesthatDickhadmadeforhim.*'lcan'tgoonputtingyouindanger；*BedelltoldBettie.'Tmstrongenoughtotravelnow.Tdlietogobackassoonaspossible.',SoitwasarrangedthatMr.Sam,oneofBettie*sneighborsandfriends,shouldgoandhelpBettiedeliverBedeeltoUnionheadquartersatHarpersFerryinhiswagon.TheyhitchedBettie'smarealongsideMr.Sam*smule.Bedelllaydowninanoldboxfilledwithhay,hisrifle

11andcrutchesbesidehim.Itwasalong,slowjourneythatalmostendedindisaster.OnlyanhourfromtheUnionlines,twohorsemensuddenlyappeared.Onepointedapistol,demandingmoneywhiletheotherpulledMr.Samfromthewagon.Shocked,Bettiesatstill.Thenarifleshotcrackedout,andthemanwiththepistolfelltothegrounddead.Asecondshot,andthemanwentsprawling.ItwasBedellshooting!Bettiewatchedhimlowertherifleandbrushthehayoutofhishair.nComeon,Mr.Sam/'hesaid.HLet'skeepmoving."AtHarpersFerry,thesoldiersstaredinsurpriseattheoldfarmerandthegirl.TheywereevenmoreamazedwhentheUnionofficerwiththemissinglegrosefromhishay-filledbox.BedellwassenttoWashington.TherehetoldhisstorytoSecretaryofWarEdwinM.Stanton.StantonwrotealetterofthankstoBettieand-signedanordertofreeJamesVanMetrefromprison.ButfirstJameshadtobefound.ItwasarrangedforBedelltogowithBettieasshesearchedforherhusband.FlecordsshowedthataJamesVanMetrehadbeensenttoaprisoncampinOhio.ButwhentheraggedprisonerswereparadedbeforeBettie,Jameswasnotthere.Asecondprisonwaschecked,withthesameresult.BettieVanMetrefoughtbackachillingfearthatherhusbandwasdead.ThenatFortDelaware,neartheendofthelineofprisonersatallmansteppedoutandstumbledintoBettie'sarms.Bettieheldhim,tearsstreamingdownherface.AndHenryBedell,standingbyonhiscrutches,wept,too.NEWWORDStellv.actasaninformer告发Yankeen.(intheQvilWar)anativeofanyofthenorthernstates;acitizenoftheU.S.北方佬；美国佬great-auntn.anauntofone'sfatherormother;sisterofone*sgrandfatherorgrandmother

12civila.国内的；民间的Confederatea.oforbelongingtotheConfederacy南部邦联的capturevt.makeaprisonerof;seize俘虏；夺得unknowna.whosename,nature,ororiginisnotknownformera.ofanearlierperiod以前的farmhousen.themainhouseonafarm,whereafarmerlivesgroann.asoundmadeinadeepvoicethatexpressessuffering,griefordisapproval。申吟（声）atticn.thespacejustundertheroofofahouse,esp.thatmadeintoalowsmallroom阁楼Union,then.thosestatesthatsupportedtheFederalgovernmentoftheU.SduringtheQvilWar;theU.S.A.（美国南北战争期间的）联邦政府；美国a.oforhavingtodowiththeUnionriflen.步枪awfula.terrible;verybad

13bandagen.anarrowlongpieceofmaterial,esp.cloth,forbindingawoundorinjury绷带dreadfula.veryunpleasantorshocking;terriblebuglen.amusicalwindinstrumentusuallymadeofbrass,usedchieflyformilitarysignals军号，喇叭filthn.disgustingdirt污秽futilityn.uselessnessfutilea.leanvi.supportorrestoneselfinabentposition靠，倚establishvt.findoutormakecertainof(afact,answer,etc.),prove确立，证实identityn.whoorwhataparticularpersonorthingis身份identicala.同一的；完全相同的确良Lt.abbr.lieutenant陆军中尉companyn.连volunteer

14n.personwhojoinsthearmy,navy,orairforceofhisownfreewill志愿兵presencen.beingpresentinaplaceskillfullyad.inaskillfulmanner灵巧地，娴熟地skillfula.havingorshowingskillfanvt.扇，扇动；激起sparkn.火花flickervi.burnunsteadily;shinewithanunsteadylightdrugn.amedicineorsubstanceusedformedicalpurposessupplyn.(pl.)thefood,equipment,etc.necessaryforanarmy,expeditionorthelike补给品prayvi.祈祷valleyn.astretchoflandbetweenmilsormountains;thelandthroughwhichastatedriverorgreatriversystemflows山谷；流域infection

15n.感染；传染infectvt.flarevi.burnwithabright,unsteadyflame(火焰)闪耀loftn.aroomundertheroofofabuilding,attic阁楼ferryn.渡口；渡船headquartersn.(usedwithasing,orpl.v.)theplacefromwhichthechiefofapoliceforceorthecommandingofficerofanarmysendsoutorders司令部proofn.evidenceshowingthatsth.istrue证据bearvt.show;havesealn.EP,图章itemn.asinglethingamongaset,esp.includedinalist条：项commandinga.havingcommand;inchargecommandingofficer指挥官

16commandvt.指挥Gen.abbr.general将军madamn.respectfulformofaddresstoawoman(whethermarriedorunmarried)夫人，太太，女士，小姐riskvt.endanger;takethechanceofpatroln.asmallgroupofsoldiers,vehicles,etc.sentouttosearchfortheenemy,ortoprotectaplacefromtheenemy巡逻队juniora.youngerorlowerinrankthananotherhobblevi.walkawkwardly;limp跛行；蹒跚crutchn.supportusedunderthearmtohelpalamepersontowalk拐杖wagonn.four-wheeledvehicleforcarryinggoods,pulledbyhorsesoroxen四轮运货马(牛)车hitchvt.fastenwithahook,ring,rope,etc,钩住，拴住，套住maren.femalehorseordonkey

17alongsideprep.closeto;alongthesideofmulen.ananimalthathasadonkeyandahorseasparents骡disastern.agreatorsuddenmisfortune;terribleaccidentlinen.arowofdefenceworks,esp.thatnearesttheenemy战线，防线horsemann.apersonwhoridesahorse,esp.onewhoisskilledpistoln.handgun手枪crackv.(causeto)makeasuddenexplosivesound(使)发出爆裂声sprawlvi.lieorsitwithhandsandfeetspreadout,esp.ungracefullylowervt.moveorletdowninheight放F；放低secretaryvt.anofficialwhotakeschargeofagovernmentaldepartment;anemployeeinanoffice,whoisinchargeofcorrespondence,records,makingappointments,etc.部长，大臣；秘书raggeda.(ofaperson)dressedinoldtornclothes;(ofclothes)oldantorn衣衫褴褛的；破旧的

18paradevt.causetowalkinaninformalprocessionforthepurposeofbeinglookedat;causetomarchinprocession使列队行进n.游行；检阅ch川v.(causeto)haveafeelingofcoldasfromfear;(causeto)becomecold,esp.withoutfreezing(使)感到冷；(使)冷fortn.要塞，堡垒stumblevi.walkormoveinanunsteadyway;strikethefootagainststh.andalmostfallstreamvi.flowfastandstrongly;pouroutPHRASES&EXPRESSIONStakeprisonercaptureandholdasaprisoner,esp.asaprisonerofwar俘虏flareupbreakoutorintensifysuddenlyorviolently;burstintobrightflameorrage突发;加剧;突然发光；突然发怒writeoutwriteinfull,write(sth.formal)brushasidedisregard,ignore不理；漠视

19bringthroughsave(sb.)from(anillness,etc.)PROPERNAMESBerryville贝里维尔（美国地名）Virginia弗吉尼亚（美国州名）BettieVanMetre贝蒂.范.米特theQvilWar（美国）南北战争Gettysburg葛底斯堡（美国城市）DickRunner迪克・朗纳HenryBedell亨利.贝德尔Vermont佛蒙特（美国州名）Westfield韦斯菲尔德（美国地名）Jennie詹妮（女子名）

20GrahamOsborne格雷厄姆.奥斯本HarpersFerry哈珀斯渡口（美国地名）Stevenson史蒂文森（姓氏）SecretaryofWar（olduse）（美国）陆军部长BiwinM.Stanton埃德温・M.斯坦顿Ohio俄亥俄（美国州名）FortDelaware特拉华堡（美国地名）UNIT3Everyteacherprobablyaskshimselftimeandagain:Whatarethereasonsforchoosingteachingasacareer?Dotherewardsteachingoutweighthetryingcomments?Answeringthesequestionsisnotasimpletask.Let'sseewhattheauthorsays.WhyITeachPeterG.BeidlerWhydoyouteach?MyfriendaskedthequestionwhenItoldhimthatIdidn*twanttobeconsideredforanadministrativeposition.HewaspuzzledthatIdidnotwantwhatwasobviouslya"stepup'*towardwhatallAmericansaretaughttowantwhentheygrowup:moneyandpower.CertainlyIdon*tteachbecauseteachingiseasyforme.Teachingisthemostdifficultof

21thevariouswaysIhaveattemptedtoearnmyliving:mechanic,carpenter,writer.Fbrme,teachingisared-eye,sweaty-palm,sinking-stomachprofession.Red-eye,becauseIneverfeelreadytoteachnomatterhowlateIstayuppreparing.Sweaty-palm,becauseI'malwaysnervousbeforeIentertheclassroom,surethatIwillbefoundoutforthefoolthatIam.Snking-stomach,becauseIleavetheclassroomanhourlaterconvincedthatIwasevenmoreboringthanusual.NordoIteachbecauseIthinkIknowanswers,orbecauseIhaveknowledgeIfeelcompelledtoshare.SometimesIamamazedthatmystudentsactuallytakenotesonwhatIsayinclass!Why,then,doIteach?IteachbecauseIlikethepaceoftheacademiccalendar.June,July,andAugustofferanopportunityforreflection,researchandwriting.Iteachbecauseteachingisaprofessionbuiltonchange.Whenthematerialisthesame,Ichangeand,moreimportant,mystudentschange.IteachbecauseIlikethefreedomtomakemyownmistakes,tolearnmyownlessons,tostimulatemyselfandmystudents.Asateacher,I'mmyownboss.IfIwantmyfreshmentolearntowritebycreatingtheirowntextbook,whoistosayIcan*t?Suchcoursesmaybehugefailures,butwecanalllearnfromfailures.IteachbecauseIliketoaskquestionsthatstudentsmuststruggletoanswer.Theworldisfullofrightanswerstobadquestions.Whileteaching,Isometimesfindgoodquestions.IteachbecauseIenjoyfindingwaysofgettingmyselfandmystudentsoutoftheivorytowerandintotherealworld.Ioncetaughtacoursecalled"Self-FtelianceinaTechnologicalSociety.'*My15studentsreadEmerson,Thoreau,andHuxley.Theykeptdiaries.Theywrotetermpapers.Butwealsosetupacorporation,borrowedmoney,purchasedarun-downhouseandpracticedself-reliancebyrenovatingit.Attheendofthesemester,wewouldthehouse,repaidourloan,paidortaxes,anddistributedtheprofitsamongthegroup.Soteachinggivesmepace,andvariety,andchallenge,andtheopportunitytokeeponlearning.Ihaveleftout,however,themostimportantreasonswhyIteach.OneisVicky.Myfirstdoctoralstudent,Vickywasanenergeticstudentwholaboredat

22herdissertationonalittle-known14thcenturypoet.Shewrotearticlesandsentthemofftolearnedjournals.Shediditallherself,withanoccasionalnudgefromme.ButIwastherewhenshefinishedherdissertation,learnedthatherarticleswereaccepted,gotajobandwonafellowshiptoHarvardworkingonabookdevelopingideasshe'dfirsthadasmystudent.AnotherreasonisGeorge,whostartedasanengineeringstudent,thenswitchedtoEnglishbecausehedecidedhelikedpeoplebetterthanthings.ThereisJeanne,wholeftcollege,butwasbroughtbackbyherclassmatesbecausetheywantedhertoseetheendoftheself-reliancehouseproject.Iwasherewhenshecameback.Iwastherewhenshetoldmethatshelaterbecameinterestedintheurbanpoorandwentontobecomeacivilrightslawyer.ThereisJacqui,acleaningwomanwhoknowsmorebyintuitionthanmostofuslearnbyanalysis.Jacquihasdecidedtofinishhighschoolandgotocollege.ThesearetherealreasonsIteach,thesepeoplewhogrowandchangeinfrontofme.Beingateacherisbeingpresentatthecreation,whentheclaybeginstobreathe.A“promotion“outofteachingwouldgivememoneyandpower.ButIhavemoney.IgetpaidtodowhatIenjoy:reading,talkingwithpeople,andaskingquestionlike,"Whatisthepointofbeingrich?,AndIhavepower.Ihavethepowertonudge,tofansparks,tosuggestbooks,topointoutapathway.Whatotherpowermatters?Butteachingofferssomethingbesidesmoneyandpower:itofferslove.Notonlytheloveoflearningandofbooksandideas,butalsothelovethatateacherfeelsforthatrarestudentwhowalksintoateacher'slifeandbeginstobreathe.Perhapsloveisthewrongword:magicmightbebetter.Iteachbecause,beingaroundpeoplewhoarebeginningtobreathe,Ioccasionallyfindmyselfcatchingmybreathwiththem.NEWWORDSadministrativea.ofthemanagementofaffairs行政的，管理的administration

23n.管理(部门)，行政(机关)puzzlevt.fillwithdoubtandconfusion使迷惑step(-)upn.promotion;increaseinsize,speed,etc.mechanicn.sk川edworkman,esp.onewhousesorrepairsmachinesandtools机械工；机修工sweatya.coveredwithsweat,sweatingpalma.手掌professionn.occupation,esp.onerequiringspecialtraining,suchaslaw,medicine,orteachingconvincevt.make(sb.)feelcertain;cause(sb.)torealizecompelvt.force(sb.orsth.todosth.)pacen.rateorspeedofdevelopment,orinwalking,etc.步速calendarn.日程表，日历opportunityn.favourableoccasionorchancereflection

24n.carefulthinking;consideration深思；考虑reflectvi.stimulatevt.encourage;excite刺激；激励freshmann.studentinhisfirstyearatacollegeoruniversityfailuren.aperson,attempt,orthingthatfails;lackofsuccessivoryn.象牙ivorytowern.placeorconditionofretreatfromtheworldofactionintoaworldofideasanddreams象牙塔self-reliancen.abilitytodothingsandmakedecisionsbyoneself依靠自己；自力更生reliancen.trust,confidence;dependence信赖；信心、；依靠technologicala.oforrelatedtotechnology技术的corporationn.(AmE)有限公司run-downa.oldandbrokenorinbadcondition

25renovatevt.restore(oldbuildings,oilpaintings,etc.)toaformer,betterstate修复，修整semestern.(AmE)eitherofthetwoperiodsintowhichaschoolyearisdivided;term学期repayvt.payback(money,etc.)loann.sth.lent,esp.asumofmoney借出的东西；贷款distributevt.divideamongseveralormany;giveorsendout分发；分送distributionn.varietyn.differenceinquality,typeorcharacter;anumberoforacollectionofdifferentthings变化，多样化；种种challengen.thequalityofdemandingcompetitiveaction,interest,orthough挑战doctorala.havingtodowiththeuniversitydegreeofdoctor博士的energetica.vigorous精力充沛dissertationn.(学位)论文poetn.onewhowritespoetry

26learneda.showingorrequiringmuchknowledge博学的journaln.magazineordailynewspaper杂志；日报occasionala.happeningfromtimetotime,notregular偶尔的，间或的nudgen.(fig.)words,actionsorfeelingthatstimulate启示vt.pushortouchslightly,esp.withtheelbowtoattractattention;(fig.)stimulatefellowshipn.positionorasumofmoneygrantedtoapersonforadvancedstudyorresearch研究员职位；研究员薪金switchvt.changeorshift;turnurbana.ofatownorcitycivilrightsn.therightsofacitizenwithoutregardtohisrace,religion,sex,etc.公民权lawyern.personwhopractiseslaw律师intuitionn.(powerof)theimmediateunderstandingoftruths,events,factswithoutreasoning直觉analysisn.theseparationofasubstanceintopartsforcarefulexaminationandstudy分析

27creationn.actofcreating;sth.created创造(物)clayn.粘土pointn.mainideaorpurpose要点；意义,目的pathwayn.pathrarea.unusuallygood;distinctive稀有的；杰出的magicn.mysteriouscharm;strangeinfluenceorpower;artofobtainingmysteriousresultsbytricks魔力：魔术PHRASES&EXPRESSIONSstayupnotgotobeduntilaftertheusualtime不睡觉，熬夜takenotes记笔记buildonbaseon;useasabaseforfurtherdevelopmentkeepadiary记日记leaveout

28failtomentionorinclude;omitsendoffpost;dispatchworkat/ongiveone'sattentiontodoingortryingtodocatchone'sbreathrestandgetbackone'snormalbreath,asafterrunning;stopbreathingforamomentfromsurprise,fear,shock,etc.PROPERNAMESEmerson爱默生（姓氏及男子名）Thoreau梭洛（姓氏）Huxley赫胥黎（姓氏）Vicky维基（女子名，Victoria的昵称）Harvard哈佛（美国大学名）Jeanne珍妮（女子名）

29Jacqui杰基（女子名，Jacqueline的昵称）InbigcitieslikeNewYork,youcanfindhomelesswomenwithshoppingbagswanderingonthestreets.Theychoosetoliveinanisolated,mistrustfulworldoftheirown.Theyarecalledladyhermitsorjustshopping-bagladies.LadyHermitsWhoAreDownButNotOutEverylargecityhasitsshiftingpopulationofvagrants.Butinmostcasesthesearemen,usuallywithanunhealthyappetiteforalcohol.OnlyNewYork,itseems,attractsthispeculiarpopulaceofloneandhomelesswomenwholiveinanisolated,mistrustfulworldoftheirown.Shopping-bagladiesdonotdrink.Theydonothuddletogetherforwarmthandcompanionshiplikebums.Theydonotseemtolikeoneanotherverymuch.Neitheraretheytookeenonconventionalpeople.Urbanhermits,onesociologisthascalledthem.Theywillsendtheirdaysandnightsinthesameneighborhoodformonthsonend,thendisappearasinexplicablyastheycame.Theyknowthehourswhenrestaurantsputtheirleftoversinthegarbagecanswheretheysearchforfood.Andlocalresidents,seeingthesamebagladyonthesamecornereveryday,willsliphersomechangeastheypass.Shopping-bagladiesdonotovertlybeg,buttheydonotrefusewhatisoffered.Onceashopping-bagladybecomesafigureofyourneighborhood,itisashardtopassherbywithoutgivinghersomemoneyasitistoignorethecollectionboxinchurch.Andalthoughyoumaynotlikeit,ifshechoosesyourdoorwayasherplacetosleepinthenight,itisasmorallyhardtoturnherawayasitisalostdog.Therearevariouscategoriesofbagladies:thosewholiveonthestreets,claimingtheyenjoythefreedomfromconstraintsofsociety;thosewhobecamehomelessbecausearelativediedorbecausetheycouldn'tkeepuprentpayments,andtheydidn'tknowwheretogoorhowtoapplyforrelief;andquasibagladieswhohaveananchorpointasisterorbrotherwhomtheycanvisitonceinawhiletotakeabath.Mostshopping-bagladiesseemtobebetweentheagesof40and65.Theywearlayersofclotheseveninsummertime,withnewspapersstuffedbetweenthelayersasfurtherprotection

30againstbadweatherIngeneral,themorebagstheladiescarrythebetterorganistbadweather.Ingeneral,themorebagstheladiescarrythebetterorganisedtheyaretocopewithlifeonthestreets."YoumaythinkIhavealotofgarbageinthesebags,'*oneshopping-bagladyvolunteeredoverlunchinachurchsoupkitchen,Mbutit*severythingIneed.Extraclothes,newspapersforthecold."Shopping-bagladiesarenotverycommunicativeandtakegeneralconversationasanintrusion.Butafterawhile,warmedbychickensoup,shebegantospeak.“Theplaceisnice,"shevolunteered,*'peoplearefriendly.MostNewYorkersareverycold.Ihavesistersinthecity,butwhenyougrowup,eachgoeshisownway.Right?'Hlgooutalotbecauseofmyteeth.Youknowhowitis:youpickupsomethinginarestaurantandyourteethturnrotten,nomatterhowcarefulyouare.Peoplearen'tconsiderate.Therestaurantsdon'twashtheglassesproperly,andbeforeyouknowwhereyouareyouhavecaughtit.That'swhathappenedtome.Idon*tlikemeetingpeopleuntilIhavethisdentalworkdone.SoIgoouttoforgetmytroubles.Isitalittlewhilesomewhere,havesomethingtoeatatoneoftheseplaces,thengowhereverIhavetogo.Itakeallmythingswithmebecauseyoucan'ttrustpeople.',Thestoryofthedentalworkwasatypicalshopping-bagladyfantasy.Psychiatristssaythatevenafterlonginterviewsshopping-bagladiesarestillatalosstoseparatetruthfromimagination.Onequasibagladyspendsabouteighthourseverydayatthefootofthemainescalatorinarailroadstation,althoughsherentsaroominacheaphotelintheneighborhood.Oneofthepriestsfromthenearbychurchfoundthislodgingforherafterhediscoveredthatshewasentitledtoasmalldisabilitypensionwhichshehadneverclaimed.Buteverydayfromaboutninetofive,shestilltakesamilkcrateandsitsbythestationescalator,notdoinganythingortalkingtoanyone.Ifslikeajobtoher.Nooneknowshowmanyshopping-bagladiesthereareinNewYork.Thefigureisgoingup.Somepriests,nunsandresearchersspendagreatdealoftimeshepherdingorobservingshopping-bagladiesandaredoingwhattheycantobetterthelifeoftheladyhermitswhoaredown.

31NEWWRODShermitn.personwhoavoidsotherpeopleandlivesalone隐土shiftvi.movefromoneplace,position,etc.toanother转移，移动vagrantn.personwholivesawanderinglifewithnosteadyhomeorwork流浪者appetiten.desireorwish,esp.forfood食欲，胃口attractvt.drawtowardsoneself吸弓Iattractionn.attractivea.peculiara.unusual;strange奇特的；奇怪的populacen.population;thecommonpeoplelonea.withoutotherpeopleorthings孤独的isolatevt.separatefromothers使隔离，使孤立mistrustfula.lackingconfidenceortrust

32shopping-bagn.购物袋huddlevi.crowdtogether挤作一团warmthn.thestateorqualityofbeingwarmcompanionshipn.伴侣关系，友谊；一群伙伴companionn.bumn.wanderingbeggar游民，叫化子keena.eager,anxioustodothings热心的,渴望的conventionala.followingacceptedpractices,customs,andstandards习俗的，寻常的conventionv.习俗，惯例sociologistn.apersonwhostudiessocietiesandhumanbehavioringroups社会学家neighborhoodn.agroupofpeopleandtheirhomesformingasmallareawithinalargerplace街坊，四邻inexplicablyad.inawaynotcapableofexplanation

33leftoversn.(usedwithapl,v.)foodremaininguneatenafteramealgarbagen.wastematerial;rubbish;scrapsoffoodtobethrownawaygarbagecandustbin垃圾桶residentn.personlivinginaplacepermanently,notjustavisitor居民slipvt.giveorpaysecretly悄悄给overtlyad.publicly公开地collectionn.thegatheringofmoneyatareligiousservice;moneycollected募捐；募金collectionboxaboxforthecollectionofmoney,esp.onepassedfromhandtohandinchurch奉献箱doorwayn.门口；门道morallyad.withregardtorightbehavior道德上categoryn.class种类claim

34vt.declaretobetrue;askforasaright;takeasarightfulowner声称；要求；认领constraintn.sth.thatlimitsone'sfreedomofaction拘束rentn.moneypaidregularlyfortheuseofaroom,building,orpieceofland租金vt.payatregulartimesfortheuseof(property)租用paymentn.theamountofmoney(tobe)paidreliefn.helpgiventopeopleintrouble救济quasia.half;seeming半，准anchorn.锚；依靠layern.层stuffvt.filltightlywith把.…塞满protectionn.theactofprotectingorthestateofbeingprotectedprotectivea.copevi.dealsuccessfullywithadifficultsituation对付，应付volunteer

35vt.tellorsaywithoutbeingasked;makeawillingoffer主动讲；自愿提供voluntarya.soupn.汤communicativea.readyandwillingtotalkorgiveinformation愿意交谈的communicationn.交流；通讯conversationn.(an)informaltalk谈话intrusionn.comingunaskedandunwanted(oftensuggestingrudenessandinvasionofprivacy)侵犯；打扰rottena.havinggonebad腐烂的；腐朽的consideratea.thoughtfuloftherightsorfeelingsofothers体谅的dentala.oforfortheteethwhereverconj.in,at,ortowhateverplacefantasyn.anystrangementalimageorillusion;wildimagination，怪念头；幻想psychiatristn.doctorwhotreatsmentalandemotionaldisorders精神病医生

36lossn.theactorexampleoflosingsth.escalatorn.自动楼梯priestn.牧师；教士；神父lodgingn.a(temporary)placetolive(临时)住所(使)暂住，(使)寄宿entitlevt.givetherightto给——以权利disabilityn.theconditionofbeingunabletoperformataskorfunctionbecauseofaphysicalormentalimpairment伤残pensionn.regularpaymentmade(byagovernmentoracompany)tosb.old,retired,ordisabled养老金；退休金：抚恤金craten.aplasticorwoodentraydividedintosectionsforcarryingbottlesofmilk,beer,etc.篮,篓，箱nunn.修女；尼姑shepherdvt.takecareofguideordirect(people)likesheep看护；带领bettervt.improvePHRASES&EXPRESSIONSkeenon

37interestedin,fondofonendcontinuously连续地passbygopast;paynoattentionto从..…旁走过；忽视turnawayrefusetoallow(sb.)toenter将..…拒之门外keepupmaintain;continueonceinawholesometimes;butnotoften间或，偶尔ingeneralinmostcases;usually通常copewithdealeffectivelywith善于处理notmatterhow/what,etc.however,whatever,etc.atalossuncertainwhattodoorsay;confused不知所措；因惑beentitledtohavetherighttoUNIT5Amotherandhersonlearnmoreformamomentofdefeatthantheyevercouldfromavictory.Herexampleofnevergivingupgiveshimcouragefortherestofhislife.TheDayMotherCried

38GeraldMooreCominghomefromschoolthatdarkwinter'sdaysolongago,Iwasfilledwithanticipation.Ihadanewissueofmyfavoritesportsmagazinetuckedundermyarm,andthehousetomyself.Dadwasatwork,mysisterwasaway,andMotherwouldn'tbehomefromhernewjobforanhour.Iboundedupthesteps,burstintothelivingroomandflippedonalight.IwasshockedintostillnessbywhatIsaw.Mother,pulledintoatightballwithherfaceinherhands,satatthefarendofthecouch.Shewascrying.Ihadneverseenhercry.Iapproachedcautiouslyandtouchedhershoulder,"Mother?*Isaid"What'shappened?',Shetookalongbreathandmanagedaweaksmile.'It'snothing,really.Nothingimportant.JustthanI'mgoingtolosethisnewjob.Ican*ttypefastenough.'*“Butyou'veonlybeentherethreedays,'1Isaid."You'llcatchon.'*IwasrepeatingalineshehadspokentomeahundredtimeswhenIwashavingtroublelearningordoingsomethingimportanttome.“No.”shesaidsadly.HlalwayssaidIcoulddoanythingIsetmymindto,andIstillthinkIcaninmostthings.ButIcan'tdothis.',Ifelthelplessandoutofplace.Atage16IstillassumedMothercoulddoanything.Someyearsbefore,whenwesoldourranchandmovedtotown,Motherhaddecidedtoopenadaynursery.Shehadhadnotraining,butthatdidn'tstandinherway.Shesentawayforcorrespondencecoursesinchildcare,didthelessonsandinsixmonthsformallyqualifiedherselfforthetask.Itwasn'tlongbeforeshehadafullenrollmentandawaitinglist.IacceptedallthisasaperfectlynormalinstanceofMother'sability.ButneitherthenurserynorthemotelmyparentsboughtlaterhadprovidedenoughincometosendmysisterandmetocxDllege.IntwoyearsIwouldbereadyforcollege.Inthreemoremysisterwouldwanttogo.Timewasrunningout,andMotherwasfranticforwaystosavemoney.ItwasclearthatDadcoulddonomorethanhewasdoingalreadyfarming80acresinadditiontoholdingafulltimejob.Afewmonthsafterwe'dsoldthemotel,Motherarrivedhomewithausetypewriter.Itskippedbetweencertainlettersandthekeyboardwassoft.AtdinnerthatnightIpronouncedthemachinea"pieceofjunk."

39"That'sallwecanafford/*mothersaid."It'sgoodenoughtolearnon.*'Andfromthatdayon,assoonasthetablewasclearedandthedishesweredone,Motherwoulddisappearintohersewingroomtopractice.Theslowtap,tap,tapwentonsomenightsuntilmidnight.ItwasnearlyChristmaswhenIheardMothergotajobattheradiostation.Iwasnottheleastbitsurprised,orimpressed.Butshewasecstatic.Monday,afterherfirstdayatwork,Icouldseethattheexcitementwasgone.Motherlookedtiredanddrawn.Irespondedbyignoringher.Tuesday,Dadmadedinnerandcleanedthekitchen.Motherstayedinhersewingroom,practicing.HlsMotherallright?*IaskedDad.“She'shavingalittletroublewithhertyping/'hesaid.MSheneedstopractice.Ithinkshe'dappreciateitifweallhelpedoutabitmore.11*'lalreadydoalot,**Isaid,immediatelyonguard.*'lknowyoudo,'*Dadsaidevenly.HAndyoumayhavetodomore.Youmightjustrememberthatsheisworkingprimarilysoyoucangotocollege."Ihonestlydidn'tcare.Iwishedshewouldjustforgetthewholething.MyshockandembarrassmentatfindingMotherintearsonWednesdaywasaperfectindexofhowlittleIunderstoodthepressuresonher.Sttingbesideheronthecouch,Ibeganveryslowlytounderstand."Iguesswealhavetofailsometime,0Mothersaidquietly.Icouldsenseherpainandthetensionofholdingbackthestrongemotionsthatwereinterruptedbymyarrival.Suddenly,somethinginsidemeturned.Ireachedoutandputmyarmsaroundher.Shebrokethen.Sheputherfaceagainstmyshoulderandsobbed.Ihelphercloseanddidn'ttrytotalk.IknewIwasdoingwhatIshould,whatIcould,andthatitwasenough.Inthatmoment,feelingMother'sbackrackedwithemotion,Iunderstoodforthefirsttimehervulnerability.Shewasstillmymother,butshewassomethingmore:apersonlikeme,capableoffearandhurtandfailure.IcouldfeelherpainasshemusthavefeltmineonathousandoccasionswhenIhadsoughtcomfortinherarms.AweeklaterMothertookajobsellingdrygoodsathalfthesalarytheradiostationhadoffered."IfsajobIcando,"shesaidsimply.Buttheeveningpracticesessionsontheoldgreentypewritercontinued.IhadaverydifferentfeelingnowwhenIpassedherdooratnightandheardhertappingaway.Iknewtherewassomethingmoregoingonintherethanawoman

40learningtotype.WhenIleftforcollegetwoyearslater,Motherhadanofficejobwithbetterpayandmoreresponsibility.IhavetobelievethatinsomestrangewayshelearnedasmuchfromhermomentofdefeatasIdid,becauseseveralyearslater,whenIhadfinishedschoolandproudlyacceptedajobasanewspaperreporter,shehadalreadybeenajournalistwithourhometownpaperforsixmonths.Theoldgreentypewritersitsinmyofficenow,unrepaired.Itisamemento,butwhatitrecallsformeisnotquitewhatifrecalledforMother.WhenI'mhavingtroublewithastoryandthinkaboutgivinguporwhenIstarttofeelsorryformyselfandthinkthingsshouldbeeasierforme,Irollapieceofpaperintothatcrankyoldmachineandtype,wordbypainfulword,justthewaymotherdid.WhatIrememberthenisnotherfailure,buthercourage,thecouragetogoahead.It'sthebestmementoanyoneevergaveme.NEWWORDSanticipationn.expectationanticipatevt.issuen.发行物（刊物的）一期tuckvt.putorpushintoadesiredconvenientpositionsoastoholdtightly;drawtogetherintoasmallspace塞（进）；卷（起）boundvi.movealongquicklybyjumpingorleapingmovements跳跃flipv.turnormovequicklyorwithajerk

41tighta.drawn,fixedorfastenedtogetherfirmly紧的，牢的ad.firmly,closelycouchn.alongcomfortableseatwithabackandarmsonwhichmorethanonepersonmaysit;sofa长沙发椅approachv.comenearornearer（to）cautiouslyad.verycarefully细心地，谨慎地cautiousa.typevt.write(sth.)withatypewriterlinen.arowofwordsinapoem;arowofwordsonapageofwritingorinprint(诗、文的)一行helplessa.unabletolookafteroneselfortakeactiontohelpothers,powerlessassumevt.takeastruewithoutactualproof;suppose假设，主观认为ranchn.averylargefarmforraisinghorses,cattleorsheep大牧场，大农场nurseryn.aplacewheresmallchildrenaretemporarilycaredfor托儿所

42daynurseryn.aplacewheresmallchildrenarecaredforduringthedaytrainingn.theprocessoftrainingorbeingtrained;instructioncorrespondencen.theactofexchangingletters通信correspondencecoursen.aneducationalcourseinwhichinstructionandworkareexchangedbetweentheteacherandstudentbypost函授课程formallyad.accordingtoproperrulesorlawfulforms正式地formala.qualifyvt.makefitorcompetentforaspecialpurpose使具有资格enrol(l)mentn.thenumberofpeoplewhohaveregisteredthemselvesasmembersofaschool,aprogram,etc.;registering注册人数，注册，登记enrol(l)v.注册，登记moteln.aroadsidehotelprovidingovernightlodgingformotorists汽车旅馆frantica.wildlyanxious,afraid,happy,etc.

43acren.英亩additionn.theactofadding力口，力口法full-timea.occupyingallnormalworkinghourstypewritern.打字机keyboardn.thesetofkeysonatypewriter,piano,etc.键盘junkn.olduselessthings破烂，垃圾tapn.ashortlightblow轻叩midnightn.themiddleofthenight午夜ecstatica.markedbyastateofoverwhelmingemotion,esp.greatjoy欣喜若狂的drawna.(oftheface)lookingverytiredorworriedortense憔悴的；紧张的respondvi.actinanswertotheactionofanother;answerdadn.(colloq.)father

44evenlyad.calmly,peacefullyevena.primarilyad.mainly;chieflyembarrassmentn.afeelingofshyness,shameorguiltindexn.signorindication指数,指标pressuren.aconstraininginfluenceuponthemind(心理上的)压力tensionn.(afeelingof)nervousanxiety,worry,onpressure紧张arrivaln.theactofarrivingrackvt.shakeviolently猛力摇动vulnerabilityn.beingliabletobedamagedorhurt易受伤性；脆弱性vulnerablea.drygoods(AmE)cloth,ribbons,laces,curtainsandsimilartextilefabrics织物尖商品session

45n.ameetingorperiodoftimedevotedtoaparticularactivity会议；(从事某项活动的)一段时间journalistn.apersonwhoseprofessioniswritingfor,editing,orpublishingnewspaperormagazines,areporter新闻工作者，记者mementon.sth.whichremindsoneofaholiday,afriend,etc.纪念品crankya.(ofamachine)shaky;malfunctioning不稳的；有毛病的PHRASES&EXPRESSIONShavesth.tooneselfhavesth.forone'sownprivateuseatworkworking;operatingcatchon(to)(informal)learn;understand学会，懂得setone'smindto(oron)pullallone'seffortsintodoing(sth).决心做stand/beinsb'swaybeinapositiontodelayorpreventsomeonefromhisintendedactions阻碍，妨碍sendawayforrequest(sth.)ororder(goods)tobesentbypost函索runoutcometoanend;beusedup到期；用完，耗尽inaddition(to)

46besides;aswell(as)helpoutgivehelp;help(sb.)atatimeofneed帮助；帮助(某人)摆脱困境onguardreadytodefendorprotect;watchful警惕，提防intearscryingholdbackcontrol;make(sth.)stayinplace抑制，阻止goontakeplaceorhappengoaheadmakeprogress;advanceUNIT6ErnestHemingway'sstoryisaboutanincidentthathappensbetweenafatherandhisson.Thesmallbo/smisunderstandingofthedifferenceinmeasuringtemperatureonaFahrenheitandaCelsiusScalecauseshimtobelievethatheisdryingofahighfever.However,thefatherdoesn*trealizeituntilverylatethatdayADay'sWaitBnestHemingwayHecameintotheroomtoshutthewindowswhilewewerestillinbedandIsawhelookedill.Hewasshivering,hisfacewaswhite,andhewalkedslowlyasthoughitachedtomove."What'sthematter,Schatz?'"I'vegotaheadache.',"Youbettergobacktobed.*'MNo.Pmallright.',

47“Yougotobed.I'llbeyouwhenI'mdressed."ButwhenIcamedownstairshewasdressed,sittingbythefire,lookingaverysickandmiserableboyofnineyears.WhenIputmyhandonhisforeheadIknewhehadafever.“Yougouptobed/'Isaid,"You'resick.",Tmallright,"hesaid.Whenthedoctorcamebetooktheboy'stemperature.,*What'sisit?*Iaskedhim."Onehundredandtwo.',Downstairs,thedoctorleftthreedifferentmedicinesindifferentcoloredcapsuleswithinstructionforgivingthem.Onewastobringdownthefever,anotherapurgative,thethirdtoovercomeanacidcondition.Thegermsofinfluenzacanonlyexistinanacidcondition,heexplained.Heseemedtoknowallaboutinfluenzaandsaidtherewasnothingtoworryaboutifthefeverdidnotgoaboveonehundredandfourdegrees.Thiswasalightepidemicoffluandtherewasnodangerifyouavoidedpneumonia.BackintheroomIwrotetheboy'stemperaturedownandmadeanoteofthetimetogivethevariouscapsules.”Doyouwantmetoreadtoyou?,"Allright.Ifyouwantto,Msaidtheboy.Hisfacewasverywhiteandthereweredarkareasunderhiseyes.Helaystillinthebedandseemedverydetachedfromwhatwasgoingon.IreadaloudfromHowardFyie'sBookofpirates;butIcouldseehewasnotfollowingwhatIwasreading."Howdoyoufeel,Schatz?,Iaskedhim."Justthesame,sofar,"hesaid.IsatatthefootofthebedandreadtomyselfwhileIwaitedforittobetimetogiveanothercapsule.Itwouldhavebeennaturalforhimtogotosleep,butwhenIlookeduphewaslookingatthefootofthebed,lookingverystrangely."Whydon'tyoutrytosleep?I'llmakeyouupforthemedicine.*'"I'dratherstayawake.*'Afterawhilehesaidtome,"Youdon'thavetostayinherewithme,Papa,ifitbothersyou.*'"Itdoesn'tbotherme."

48No,Imeanyoudon'thavetostayifit'sgoingtobotheryou.Ithoughperhapshewasalittlelightheadedandaftergivinghimtheprescribedcapsulesateleveno'clockIwentoutforawhile.Itwasabright,coldday,thegroundcoveredwithasleetthathadfrozensothatitseemedasifallthebaretrees,thebushes,thecutbrushandallthegrassandthebaregroundhadbeenvarnishedwithice,ItooktheyoungIrishsetterforawalkuptheroadandalongafrozencreek,butitwasdifficulttostandorwalkontheglassysurfaceandthereddogslippedandslitheredandIfelltwice,hard,oncedroppingmygunandhavingitslideawayovertheice.WeflushedacoveyofquailunderahighclaybankwithoverhangingbrushandIkilledtwoastheywentoutofsightoverthetopoftheblank.Someofthecoveylitintrees,butmostofthemscatteredintobrushpilesanditwasnecessarytojumpontheice-coatedmoundsofbrushseveraltimesbeforetheywouldflush.Comingoutwhileyouwerepoisedunsteadilyontheicy,springybrushtheymadedifficultshootingandIkilledtwo,missedfive,andstartedbackpleasedtohavefoundacoveyclosetothehouseandhappythereweresomanylefttofindonanotherday.Atthehousetheysaidtheboyhadrefusedtoletanyonecomeintotheroom.“Youcan*tcomein,“hesaid.nYoumustn*tgetwhatIhave.**IwentuptohimandfoundhiminexactlythepositionIhadlefthim,white-faced,butwiththetopsofhischeeksflushedbythefever,staringstill,ashehadstared,atthefootofthebed.Itookhistemperature.“Whatisit?1*'Somethinglikeahundred,'*Isaid.Itwasonehundredandtwoandfourtenths.'Itwasahundredandtwo,"hesaid.MWhosaidso?'"Thedoctor.""Yourtemperatureisallright,"Isaid."It'snothingtoworryabout.""Idon'tworry,Hhesaid,"butIcan'tkeepfromthinking.*'"Don'tthink,"Isaid."Justtakeiteasy.',”l'mtakingiteasy,**hesaidandlookedstraightahead,Hewasevidentlyholdingtightontohimselfaboutsomething."Takethiswithwater.M"Doyouthinkitwilldoanygood?'

49“Ofcourseitwill/'IsatdownandopenedthePiratebookandcommencedtoread,butIcouldseehewasnotfollowing,soIstooped."AboutwhattimedoyouthinkI'mgoingtodie?'heasked.MWhat?',*AbouthowlongwillitbebeforeIdie?'"Youaren'tgoingdie.Whafsthematterwithyou?”nOh,yes,Iam,Iheardhimsayahundredandtwo."MPeopledon'tdiewithafeverofonehundredandtwo.That'sasillywaytotalk.1*“Iknowtheydo.AtschoolinFrancetheboystoldmeyoucan*tlivewithforty-fourdegrees.I'vegotahundredandtwo.',Hehadbeenwaitingtodieallday,eversincenineo'clockinthemorning."YoupoorSchatz,"Isaid.HPooroldSchatz.Ifslikemilesandkilometers.Youaren'tgoingtodie.Thafsdifferentthermometer.Onthatthermometerthirty-sevenisnormal.Onthiskindit'sninety-eight."Areyousure?'*'Absolutely/'Isaid,"It'slikemilesandkilometers.Youknow,likehowmanykilometerswemakewhenwedoseventymilesinthecar?,"Oh；'hesaid.Buthisgazeatthefootofthebedrelaxedslowly.Theholdoverhimselfrelaxedtoo,finally,andthenextdayitwasveryslackandhecriedveryeasilyatlittlethingsthatwereofnoimportance.NEWWORDSshivervi.shake,tremble,esp.fromcoldorfear战栗，发抖capsulen.胶囊(药)instruction

50n.(oftenpl.)adviceonhowtodosth.;order用法说明；指示instructvt.purgativen.amedicinetoproducebowelmovements泻药acida.sour;markedbyanabnormallyhighconcentrationofasoursubstance酸的；酸性物质过多的germn.病菌，细菌influenzan.acontagiousdiseasewhichislikeabad81dbutmoreserious流行性感冒epidemicn.&a.(disease)spreadingrapidlyamongmanypeopleinthesameplaceforatime流行病(的)flun.(shortfor)influenzapneumonian.aseriousillnesswithinflammationofoneorbothlungs肺炎detacheda.indifferent;separate,notconnected超然的；冷漠的；分离的detachvt.piraten.apersonwhoattacksandrobsshipsatsea海盗papa

51n.fatherlightheadeda.unabletothinkclearlyormovesteadilyasduringfeverorafterdrinkingalcohol;dizzyandfaint神忐不清的；眩晕的prescribevt.orderorgive(sth.)asamedicineortreatmentforasickperson开(药)sleetn.amixtureofrainandsnow;rainthatfreezesasitfalls雨夹雪；冻雨brushn.roughlow-growingbushes;smallbranchesbrokenofffromtrees矮灌木从；I断落的树枝varnishvt.cover(sth.)withasmoothappearanceIrisha.爱尔兰(人)的settern.atypeofdogwithredhair;ahuntingdog塞特狗creekn.asmallstreamglassya.likeglass,esp.(ofwater)smoothandshiningslithervi.slideunsteadily不稳地滑动

52slidev.(causeto)movesmoothlyalongasurface(使)滑动flushv.drive(birds)upfromthetreesorbushessoastoshoot;(ofbirds)flyupsuddenly(使)(鸟)惊飞(sidesoftheface)becomerosyorreddenedbyasuddenflowofbloodtotheface(脸)发红coveyn.asmallflockorgroup(ofsmallbirds)——〃、群(鸟)quail(pl.quailorquails)n.akindofsmallbird,valuedasfood胡鹑overhangv.hangoverorstandoutover悬于•・.•之上,突出于・...之上light(litorlighted)vi.landandsettle停落scattervigooffinalldirections散开moundn.smallhill;alargepileofearth,stones,etc.土墩poisevt.balanceunsteadilyad.shakilyunsteadya.icya.cxDveredwithice;extremelycold

53springya.flexible(asaspringmovingupanddown)有弹性的commencevt.start;beginthermometern.ainstrumentformeasuringandsnowingtemperature温度计absolutelyad.completely;certainlygazevi.looklongandsteadily凝视slacka.nottense;relaxed松弛的；放松的PHRASES&EXPRESSIONSbringdownreduce;causetofall减少，降低bedetachedfromshownointerestin,beindifferenttowouldratherwouldpreferto;wouldpreferthat宁愿outofsightunabletobeseenkeepfrompreventoneselffrom(doingsth.);stop(doingsth.)takeiteasy

54nottoworktoohard;nottoworrytoomuch不紧张,不急holdtightontooneselfkeepfirmcontroloveroneselfPROPERNAMEPyle派尔(姓氏)UNIT7Severalneighborshopetofindsafetyintheonlybombshelterontheirstreetwhenanannouncementcomesovertheradiothatenemymissilesareapproaching.Canitshelterallofthem?Doesitsownerletthemin?HereisthestoryTheShelterRodSerlingSYNOPSISOFACTONEOnasummerevening,abirthdaycelebrationisgoingonatDr.Stockton's.Amongthosepresentarehisneighbors:theHendersons,theWeiss'sandtheHarlowes.InthemidstofitcomesunexpectedlyovertheradiotheannouncementofthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesdeclaringastateofemergencyofforsuspectedenemymissilesapproaching.Thepartybreaksupandtheneighborshurryhome.However,shortlyafterwardstheyreturnoneafteranothertotheStocktonhouseforthesimplereasonthattheywanttosurvivewanttosharewiththeStocktonsthebombshelterwhichistheonlyoneontheirstreet.ACTTWO(abridged)OUTSIDESTOCKTONHOMEHENDERSON:It'lllandanyminute.Ijustknowit.It'sgoingtolandanyminuteMRS.HENDERSON:(grabsholdofhim)Whatarewegoingtodo?

55Throughoutaboveandfollowingdialogue,aportableradiocarriedbyoneofthechildrencarriesthefollowingannouncement:ANNOUNCERSVOICE:ThisisConelrad.ThisisConelrad.WearestillinastateofYellowAlert.Ifyouareapublicofficialorgovernmentemployeewithanemergencyassignment,oracivildefenseworker,youshouldreporttoyourpostimmediately.IfyouareapublicofficialorgovernmentemployeeMRS.HARLOWE:Jerry,askagain.HARLOWE:Don'twasteyoutime.Hewon'tletanyonein.Hesaidhedidn'thaveanyroomorsuppliesthereandit'sdesignedforthreepeople.MRS.HENDERSON:Whafllwedo?HARLOWE:Maybeweoughttopickoutjustonebasementandgotoworkonit.Pollallourstuff.Food,water,everything.MRS.HARLOWE:Itisn'tfair,(shepointstowardStocktonhouse)He'sdownthereinabombsheltercompletelysafe.AndourkidshavetojustwaitaroundforabombtodropandHENDERSON:Lefsjustgodownintohisbasementandbreakdownthedoor?Achorusofvoicesgreetthiswithassent.AsHENDERSONrushesthroughtowardthebasemententrance,HARLOWEovertakeshimsaying:HARLOWE:Waitaminute,waitaminute.Allofuscouldn*!fitinthere.Thatwouldbecrazytoeventry.W日SS:Whydon'twedrawlots?Pickoutonefamily?HARLOWE:Whatdifferencewoulditmake?Hewon*tletusin.HENDERSON:Wecanallmarchdownthereandtellhimhe'sgotthewholestreetagainsthim.Wecoulddothat.HARLOWE:Whatgoodwouldthatdo?Ikeeptellingyou.Evenifweweretobreakdownthedoor,itcouldn'taccommodateallofus.We'djustbekillingeverybodyandfornoreason.MRS.HENDERSON:Ifitsavesevenoneofthesekidsouthere1callthatareason.

56Thevoicecomesupagain.WEISS:Jerry,youknowhimbetterthannayofus.You'rehisbestfriend.Whydon'tyougodownagain?Trytotalktohim.Pleasedwithhim.TellhimtopickoutonefamilyDrawlotsorsomethingHENDERSON:Onefamily,meaningyours,Weiss,huh?WEISS:(whirlsaroundtohim)Whynot?I'vegotathree-month-oldinfantMRS.HENDERSON:Whatdifferencedoesthatmake?Isyourbaby*slifeanymorepreciousthanourkids?WEISS:(shoutingather)Ineversaidthat.Ifyou*regoingtostarttryingtoargueaboutwhodeservestolivemorethanthenextoneHENDERSON:Whydon'tyoushutyourmouth,Weiss?(withawild,illogicalanger)That'sthewayitiswhentheforeignerscomeoverhere.Aggressive,greedy,semi-AmericansWSSS:(hisfacegoeswhite)Whyyougarbage-brainedidiotyouMRS.HENDERSON:Itstillgoes,Weiss!Ibetyou'reatthebottomofthelistWEISSsuddenlyflingshimselfthroughthecrowdtowardthemanandthere*sabrief,hand-to-handfightbetweenthembrokenupbyHARLOWEwhostandsbetweenthembreathless.HARLOWE:Keepitup,bothofyou.Justkeepitup.Wewon'tneedabomb.Wecanslaughtereachother.MRS.W日SS:(pleading)Marty,godowntoBill'sshelteragain.AskhimWEISS:l*vealreadyaskedhim.Itwouldn'tdoanygood.Oneagainthesirensoundsandthepeopleseemtomoveclosertogether,staringuptowardthenightsky.Offinthedistanceweseesearchlights.HARLOWE:Searchlights.Itmustbecomingcloser.HENDERSON:(ashesuddenlypushesHARLOWEasideandheadsforthesteps)I'mgoingdownthereandgethimtoopenupthatdoor.Idon'tcarewhattherestofyouthink.That'stheonlythinglefttodo.MAN#1:He'sright.Comeon,let'sdoit.

57INSIDETHESHELTERGRACEisholdingtighttoPAULSTOCKTONstandsclosetothedoorlisteningtothenoisesfromoutsideastheyapproach.There'sapoundingontheshelterdoorthatreverberates.OUTSIDETHESHELTERHENDERSON:Bill?BillStockton?You*vegotabunchofyourneighborsoutherewhowanttostayalive.Nowyoucanopenthedoorandtalktousandfigureoutwithushowmanycancomeinthere.Orelseyoucanjustkeepdoingwhatyou'redoingandwellfightourwayinthere.HARLOWEappearsandpusheshiswaythroughthegroupandgoesovertotheshelterdoor.HARLOWE:Bill.ThisisJerry.Theymeanbusinessouthere.STOCKTON'SVOICE:AndImeanbusinessinhere.I,vealreadytoldyou,Jerry.You*rewastingyoutime.You'rewastingprecioustimethatcouldbeuseforsomethingelse..-.Jikefiguringouthowyoucansurvive.NAM#1:Whydon'twegetabig,heavylogtobreakthedoordown?HENDERSON:WecouldgoovertoBennettAvenue.PhilKlinehassomegiantlogsinhisbasement.I'veseenthem.Lefsgetone.Andwe'lljusttellKlinetokeephismouthshutastowhywewantit.W日SS:Lefsgetholdofourselves.LefsstopandthinkforaminuteHENDERSON:(turningtofaceWEISS)Nobodycareswhatyouthink.Youoryourkind.IthoughtImadethatclearupstairs.Ithinkthefirstorderofbusinessistogetyououtofhere.Withthishestrikesout,smashinghisfistintoW日SSsfaceinablowsounexpectedandsowildthatWEISS,totallyunprepared,isknockedagainstthewall.Hiswifescreamsand,stillholdingthebaby,rushestohim.There'sacommotionasseveralmentrytograbtheneighborandHARLOWEisimmediatelyatWEISSssidetryingtohelphimtohisfeet.Onceagainthesirensblast.

58HENDERSON:(shouldoverthenoiseandcommotion)Comeon,let'sgetsomethingtosmashthisdoordown.Theystartoutofcellartowardthesteps.INSIDETHESHELTER

59STCX3KT0Nslowlyturnstofacehiswife.Theangryscreamingcriesofthepeopleringintheirearsevenastheydepart.GRACE(looksup)Bill?Whowerethosepeople?STCXXTON(turningtostaretowardthedoor)'Thosepeople?'Thoseareourneighbors,Grace.Ourfriends.Thepeoplewe'velivedwithandalongsidefortwentyyears,(theninadifferentfixedexpressionandinadifferenttone)Comeon.Raul.Let'sputstuffupagainstthisdoor.Everythingwecan.Themanandboythenstarttopileupabarricade,usingfurniture,thegenerator,books,anymovableobjecttheycangettheirhandson.OUTSIDEOFTHESHELTERThemobmarchesdownthestreetcarryingalargeheavylogthatisperhapsfifteenfeetlong.TheirownshoutsmixwiththesoundoftheintermittentsirenandwiththevoiceoftheannouncerontheConelradstation.ANNOUNCER'SVOICE:We*vebeenaskedtoonceagainremindthepopulationthattheyaretoremaincalm,stayoffthestreets.Thisisurgent.Pleaseremainoffthestreets.Everythingpossibleisbeingdoneinthewayofprotection.Butthemilitaryandimportantcivildefensevehiclesmusthavethestreetsclear.Soyou'reonceagainremindedtoremainoffthestreets.Ftemainoffthestreets!TheminutethemobgathersbeforetheSTCX3KTONhouse,theysmashintoit,carryingthegiantlog.Theymovedownthecellarsteps.Asthelogsmashesintotheshelterdoor,thesirengoesuplouderandmorepiercinganditisatthismomentthatweseebothWSSSandHARLOWjointhemenontheheavylogtolendtheirsupporttoit.STOCKTONandPaulleanagainstitasitstartstogiveundertheweight,underthe

60pressure.Theairisfilledwithangryshouts,theintermittentsiren,thecriesofwomenandchildren.INSIDEANDOUTSIDEOFTHESHELTERAnditallreachesonevastpitchjustasthedoorisforcedopen.PAULandSTOCKTONarepushedbackintotheshelterandjustatthismomentthelightgooninthebasement.Thesirenalsoreachesitstopandthensuddenlygoesoffandthereisabsolutedeadsilenceforalongmoment.ThenfromtheportableradiointhecornercomesANNOUNCERSVOICE:ThisisConelrad.ThisisConelrad.Ftemainturnedforanimportantmessage.Ftemaintunedforanimportantmessage.(apause)ThePresidentoftheUnitedStateshasjustannouncedthatthepreviouslyunidentifiedobjectshavenowbeendefinitelyidentifiedasbeingsatellites.Ftepeat.Therearenoenemymissilesapproaching.Repeat,therearenoenemymissilesapproaching.Theobjectshavebeenidentifiedassatellites.Theyareharmlessandweareinnodanger.Ftepeat.Weareinnodanger.Thestateofemergencyhasofficiallybeencalledoff.Weareinnodanger.Ftepeat.Thereisnoenemyattack.Thereisnoenemyattack.MRS.WEISS:(hereyesclosedandcryingsoftly)ThankGod.Oh,thankGod.W曰SS:(inawhisper,hisfacebruisedandbloodclotted)Amentothat.HENDERSON:Hey,MartyMarty..^.Jwentcrazy.Youunderstandthat,don*tyou?Ijustwentcrazy.Ididn'tmeanallthethingsIsaid,(hewetshislips,hisvoiceshaking)Wewereallofusweweresoscared・・...soconfuse.(heholdsouthishandsinagesture)Well,it*snowonderreally,isit?Imeanwell,youcanunderstandwhyweblewourtopsalittleThere'samurmurofvoices,afewhalf-heartednods,butthey'reallstillinastateofshock.

61HARLOWE:Idon'tthinkMarty*sgoingtoholditagainstyou.(thenturningtoSTOCKTON)IjusthopeBillwon'tholdthis(hepointstothewreckagearoundhim)againstus.We'llpayforthedamage,Bill.Welltakeupacollectionrightaway.AsSTOCKTONwalkspastthemacrossthecellaranduptowardthestairs,alleyesareonhimandthere'sanabsolutedeadsilence.WSSS:(hisvoiceshakyandnervous)Wecouldwecouldhaveablockpartyorsomethingtomorrownight.Abigcelebration.Ithinkwedeserveonenow.Helooksaroundsmilingattheothers,anervoussmilesbornofacarry-overoffearandtherealizationthatsomethinghastakenholdofallofthemnow.Somethingdeadeninginitseffectanddisquietingbeyondwords.STOCKTONtakesastepuponthestairsthenstopsandturnsbacktowardthem.Hisfaceisexpressionless.HARLOWE:(withphonylaughterdesperatelytryingtorelievesituation)Blockparty'snotabadidea.(lookingaroundattheothers)Anythingtogetbacktonormal.STOCKTON:(looksfromfacetofaceandslowlyshakeshishead)Normal?(apause)Idon'tknow.Idon'tknowwhat“normal”is.IthoughtIdid,butIdon*tanymore.HARLOWE:Itoldyouwe'dpayforthedamagesSTOCKTON:(staresathim)Thedamages?(henods)Iwonderifwerealizejustwhatthosedamagesare?(helooksfromfacetofaceagain)Maybetheworstofthemwasfindingoutjustwhatwe'relikewhenwe'renormal.Thekindofpeopleweare.Justunderneaththesurface.Imeanallofus.Alotofnakedanimalswhoattachsuchgreatimportancetostayingalivethattheyclawtheirneighborstodeathjustfortheprivilege.(heleansagainstthestairwaywall,suddenlydesperatelytired,verysoftlyasheturnsawayfromthem)Weweresparedabombtonight....butIwonderifweweren'tdestroyedevenwithoutit.Hecontinuesupthesteps.HEWWORDSsheltern.(sth.thatgives)coverorprotection掩蔽(处)

62synopsis(pl.synopses)n.summaryoroutline(ofabook,play,etc.)提要，梗概celebrationn.marking(ofaneventoraspecialoccasion)withpublicorprivaterejoicings庆祝celebratev.midstn.middlepartprep.amidstmissilen.导弹afterwardsad.later,afterthatbombn.炸弹abridgevt.makeshorterbyusingfewerwords缩略，删节grabvt.takeroughly,snatcheagerlydialog(ue)n.对话，对白portablea.thatcanbeeasilycarriedormoved手提式的carry

63vt.apersonwhoreadsnewsorintroducespeopleonradioortelevisionemployeen.apersonwhoisemployedcivildefenseacivilianemergencyprogramforprotectingpeopleandtheirpropertyagainstenemyattacksornaturaldisaster民防postn.placeofduty岗位designvt.intend;makeadrawingorpatternsof(sth.)设计basementn.aroomorroomsinahousewhicharebelowstreetlevel地1室poolvt.put(thingormoney)together,esp.forcommonadvantage把・・・・.集中在——起(共用)stuffn.thingsinamass;matterchorusn.sth.saidorcriedbymanypeopleatonetime;songfroalltosingtogether齐声说的话(或喊声)合唱assentn.agreemententrancen.gate,door,orotheropeningbywhichoneenters入口处

64overtakevt.catchupwith赶上crazya.mad,foolishaccommodatevt.haveenoughspacefor;providewitharoominwhichtoliveorstay容纳;向….提供住宿accommodationn.pleadvi.makecontinualanddeeplyfeltrequests恳求(usedforexpressingsurpriseordisapproval)whirlvi.moveortravelrapidly;movequicklyroundandround飞速移动；旋转infantn.childduringthefirstfewyearsofitslife婴JLpreciousa.highlyvalued;ofgreatvalueorbeauty珍贵的deservevt.Havearightto;beworthyof值得illogicala.beagainstlogic;withoutlogic不合逻辑的；无缘由的foreignern.personbelongingtoaforeigncountry

65aggressivea.alwaysreadytoquarrel;notafraidofopposition;enterprising挑衅的；放肆的；积极进取的greedya.excessivelyeagertoacquire;wantingtogetmorethanone'sshare贪婪的semi-pref.halfidiotn.averystupidorfoolishperson白痴bet(betorbetted)vt.beverysure;risk(money)ontheresultofafutureevent确信；用・・“..打赌fling(flung)vt.move(oneself)violently,esp.inangerthrowviolentlyorwithforce使(自己)猛扑；用力扔，掷hand-to-handa.inclosecontact逼近的，直接交手的slaughtervt.kill(animals,people)inlargenumbers屠杀sirenn.penetratingwhistleasawarning警报searchlightn.powerfullightwithabeamthatcanbeturnedinanydirection探照灯.poundingn.aseverebeatingorblow猛击

66poundv.reverberatevi.echorepeatedly回响logn.原木avenuen.widestreetinatowngianta.ofgreatsizeorforcen.man,animal,orplantmuchlargerthannormalfirstn.拳头blastvi.produceahardsharpsound发出刺耳响声cellarn.anundergroundroom,usu.usedforstoringgoods上也窖departvi.leaveaplacedeparturen.barricaden.barrierofobjectsputacrossorinfrontofsth.asadefense障碍；街垒generatorn.amachinewhichgenerates,usu.electricity

67movablea.thatcanbemovedmobn.alargenoisyanddisorderlycrowd,esp.onethathasgatheredformischieforattack一伙人；一群暴徒intermittenta.pausingorstoppingatintervals;notcontinuous断断续续的remindvt.tellorcause(sb.)toremember提醒militarya.connectedwithsoldiers,armies军事的vehiclen.ameansofcarryingortransportingsth.车辆(统称)piercinga.(ofsound)verysharpandclear,esp.inanunpleasantway;penetrating尖厉的；刺穿的piercev.givevi.bend;yieldtopressure弯曲；塌下pitchn.thedegreeofhighnessorlownessofamusicalnoteorspeakingvoice声音的高彳氐,调子tunevt.adjust（aradioortelevisionreceiver）torespondtowavesofaparticularfrequency

68definitelyad.withoutadoubt;clearlydefinitea.identifyvt.认出；识别harmlessa.thatcannotcauseharmharmn.bruisevt.injuretheoutsideof碰伤；使（皮肉）青肿clotvt.使（血等）凝块Amenint.maythisbetrue阿门（基督教徒祈祷结束时的用语）heyint.（usedtocallattentionorexpresssurprise）scarevt.frightengesturen.movement,usu.ofthehands,toexpressacertainmeaning姿势，手势murmurn.asoftlowsoundhalf-hearteda.showinglittleeffortandnorealinterest.

69wreckagen.thebrokenpartsofadestroyedthing残骸shakya.shakingorunsteadyblockparty(AmE)apartyofcelebrationhelpinthestreetbytheresidentsofablockorneighborhood,esp.toraisefundsforalocalchurchorblockclubcarry-overn.sth.carriedorleftover剩余物realizationn.beingorbecomingconsciousdeadenv.(causeto)losestrength,feeling,brightness,etc.disquietvt.disturbphon(e)ya.pretended;falselaughtern.laughing笑声desperatelyad.withlittlehopeofsuccess绝望地；拼命地desperatea.underneathprep.beneath;under

70nakeda.notcoveredbyclothes;nude裸体的clawvt.tear,seize,pullwithclawsorhand用爪抓stairwayn.楼梯destroyvt.breaktopieces;putanendto摧毁PHRASES&EXPRESSIONSinthemidstofinthemiddleofbreakupceasetobetogether散开grad/get/takeholdofgetpossessionof;grasp抓住breakdowndestroyfitinfindspaceorroom(forsth.orsb.)drawlotsuselotstodecidesth.抽签makea/thedifference

71haveaneffectorinfluence;matter有关系，有影响comeupgrowlouder,strongerorbrighterheadformovetowards,gotofigureoutworkout;understand(sth.orsb.)bythinking解决,算出；理解，弄清楚orelseotherwise;ifnotmeanbusinessbereadytoact(notmerelytalk);beserous是当真的pileupheapup堆起getone*shandsonfind;getpossessionofinthewayofinthematterof;asregards在…•方面；关于goonbelit（灯）亮gooffstop,discontinuecalloff

72stoporgivetheordertostop;cancel停止；取消blowone'stop（si.）explodewithanger在发脾气hold....againstallow（sth）toaffectone'sjudgementof（sb.）因（某事）而嫉恨（某人）takeupbegin,undertakebornofowingexistenceto;derivingorresultingfromPROPERNAMESStockton斯道克顿（姓氏）Henderson亨德森（姓氏）MartyWeiss马蒂・韦斯JerryHarlowe杰雷・哈洛Conelrad（shortforControlofBectromagneticradiation）（美国）康纳雷民防广播体系（现已停止使用）YellowAlert空袭预备警报

73Grace格雷斯（姓氏及女子名）Paul保罗（男子名）Bennett贝内特大街PhilKline菲尔・克兰UNIT8Daydreaminghasalwayshadreputation,butnowscientificresearchhasrevealedthatdaydreamingmayactuallyimproveyourmentalhealthandcreativity.Itcanevenhelpyouachieveyourdesiredgoals.DaydreamaLittleEugeneRaudsepp"Daydreamingagain,Barb?You'llneveramounttoanythingifyouspendyourtimethatway!Can'tyoufindsomethingusefultodo?,Manyyoungstershaveheardwordslikethosefromtheirparents.Anduntilrecentlythishostileattitudetowardsdaydreamingwasthemostcommonone.Daydreamingwasviewedasawasteoftime.Oritwasconsideredandunhealthyescapefromreallifeanditsduties.Butnowsomepeoplearetakingafreshlookatdaydreaming.Somethinkitmaybeaveryhealthythingtodo.Attitudestowardsdaydreamingarechanginginmuchthesamewaythatattitudestowardsnightdreaminghavechanged.Onceitwasthoughtthatnighttimedreamsinterferedwithourneededrest.Butthenresearcherstriedinterruptingthedreamsofsleepers.Theylearnedthatsleeperswhoaren'tallowedtodreamlostthebenefitsofrest.Theybecometenseandanxious.Theybecomeirritable.Theyhavetroubleconcentrating.

74Theirmentalhealthistemporarilydamaged.Tofeelwellagain,theymustbeallowedtodream.Nowresearchersarefindingthatdaydreamingmayalsobeimportanttomentalhealth.Daydreaming,theytellus,isagoodmeansofrelaxation.Butitsbenefitsgobeyondthis.Anumberofpsychologistshaveconductedexperimentsandhavereachedsomesurprisingconclusions.Dr.JoanT.Freyberghasconcludedthatdaydreamingcontributestointellectualgrowth.Italsoimprovesconcentration,attentionspan,andtheabilitytogetalongwithothers,shesays.Inanexperimentwithschoolchildren,thissameresearcherfoundthatdaydreamingledthechildrentopaymoreattentiontodetail.Theyhadmorehappyfeelings.Theyworkedtogetherbetter.Anotherresearcherreportedthatdaydreamingseemedtoproduceimprovedself-controlandcreativeabilities.Butthat'sonlypartofthestory.Themostremarkablethingaboutdaydreamingmaybeitsusefulnessinshapingourfuturelivesaswewantthemtobe.IndustrialistHenryJ.Kaiserbelievedthatmuchofhissuccesswasduetothepositiveuseofdaydreaming.Hemaintainedthat“youcanimagineyourfuture.*'ForenceNightingaledreamedofbecominganurse.TheyoungThomasBiisonpicturedhimselfasaninventor.Forthesenotableachievers,itappearsthattheirdaydreamscametrue.Dr.HarryEmersonFbsdickbelievedthatthewaywepictureourselvesisoftenthewayweturnout.Heofferedthisadvice:"Holdapictureofyourself...inyourmind'seye,andyouw川bedrawntowardit.Pictureyourselfvividlyasdefeated,andthatwillmakevictoryimpossible.Pictureyourselfaswinning,andthatwillcontributeimmeasurablytosuccess.Donotpictureyourselfasanything,andyouwilldrift.....:'Theexperiencesofsomeathletesseemtoconfirmthisbelief.Forinstance,JohnUelses,aformerpole-vaultingchampion,useddaydreamingtechniquesbeforeeachmeet.Hewouldimaginehimselfwinning.Hewouldvividlypicturehimselfclearingthebaratacertainheight.Hewouldgooverallthedetailsinhismind.Hewouldpicturethestadiumandthecrowds.He'devenimaginethesmellofthegrassandtheearth.Hesaidthatthisexerciseoftheimaginationleftmemorytracesinhismindthatwouldlaterhelphisactualperformance.Whywouldamentalvisionofsuccesshelpproducerealsuccess?Dr.MaxwelMaltz,a

75surgeonandauthor,saythis:*'Yournervoussystemcannottellthedifferencebetweenanimaginedexperienceandrealexperience.Ineithercaseitreactsautomaticallytoinformationthatyougiveit—Itreactsappropriatelytowhatyouthinkorimaginetobetrue.1'Hebelievesthatpurposefuldaydreamingbuildsnew“memories"inthebrain.Thesepositivememoriesimproveaperson'sself-image.Andself-imagehasanimportanteffectonaperson'sactionandaccomplishments.Canyouusepurposefuldaydreamingtoshapeyourownfuture?Whynottry?Hereishowthosewhobelieveincreativedaydreamingrecommendgoingaboutit.Chooseatimewhenyoucanbealoneandundisturbed.Ooseyoureyes,topermityourimaginationtosoarmorefreely.Manypeoplefindthattheygetbestresultsbypretendingthattheyaresittingbeforealargescreen.Theyprojectthedesiredimageofthemselvesontothatscreen.Nowpictureyourselfasvividlyaspossiblethewayyouwanttobe.Ftemembertopictureyourdesiredgoalsasifyouhadalreadyattainedthem.Gooverallthedetailsofthispicture.Seethemclearlyandsharply.Impressthemstronglyonyourmemory.Theresultingmemorytraceswillsupposedlystartaffectingyoureverydaylife.Theywillhelpleadyoutotheattainmenttoyourgoals.Ofcoursedaydreamingisnosubstituteforhardwork.Ifit'sathleticachievementyouwant,youalsohavetogetlotsofpracticeinyoursport.Youhavetoworkhardtodevelopskills.Ifit'sschoolsuccessyou'reafter,youcan'tneglectstudyingDaydreamingalonecan'tturnyouintoyourheart'sdesire.Butincombinationwiththemoreusualmethodsofself-development,itmightmakeacriticaldifference.Itcouldbethedifferencebetweenbecomingmerelygoodatsomethingandbecomingachampion.Ifwhatresearchersaresayingistrue,alifelivedwithoutfantasiesanddaydreamsisn'tasrichandrewardingaslifecanbe.Sotheysuggestsettingasideafewminuteseachdayfordaydreaming.Bysodoing,youmayimproveyourphysicalandmentalwell-being.Bytakingaten-orfifteen-minute"vacation*'intotherealmofimaginationeachday,youmayaddmuchtotheexcitementandenjoymentofyourlife.Andwhoknows:Youmightseeyourowndaydreamscometrue.Newwords

76hostilea.unfriendly;belongingtoanenemy敌对的viewvt.consider,regardescapen.&v.逃跑：逃避nighttimea.occurringatnightinterferevi.getinthewayofanother干涉；妨碍interferencen.researchern.advantage,profit,goodeffect益处tensea.feelingorshowingnervousanxiety紧张的irritablea.easilyannoyedormadeangrymeansn.methodorwaypsychologistn.personwhohasstudiedorissk川edinpsychology心'理学家contributevi.helpinbringingabout贡献growthn.growing;developmentconcentration

77n.concentratingorbeingconcentratedspann.lengthoftimeduringwhichsth.Continuesorworkswell-一段时间self-controln.controlofone'sownfeelings,behavior,etc.creativea.havingthepowertocreate;inventiveremarkablea.deservingattention;unusual,outoftheordinary显著的；三用心的shapevt.influenceanddeterminethecourseorformof形成，塑造industrialistn.oneowinganindustryorengagedinitsmanagementmaintainvt.stateorassertastrue;keepup断言;维持picturevt.imagine;makeapictureofinventorn.apersonwhomakesuporproducessth.newnotablea.outstanding;worthyofnotice著名的：值得注意的achievern.onewhoachieves;winnervividlyad.inalivelymanner生动地；逼真的

78vivida.immeasurablyad.toanextentordegreetoogreattobemeasured;beyondmeasuredriftvi.floatorbedrivenalongbywind,wavesorcurrents漂（流）athleten.personwhoistrainedandsilledinphysicalexercisesandwhocompetesingamesthatneedstrengthandspeed运动员pole-vaultingn.jumpingwiththehelpofalongpoleheldinthehand撑竿劭Kchampionn.personorteamtakingthefirstplaceincompetition冠军meetn.（AmE）gatheringesp.forcompetitivesportsclearvt.getpastoroverwithouttouchingbarn.横竿；杆；条状物stadiumn.露天体育场tracen.markshowingthatsb.orsth.hasexistedorhappened痕迹memorytracechemicalchangeoccurringinthebrainwhennewinformationisabsorbedandremembered记忆痕（脑部吸收或记忆信息时所产生的化学变化）

79visionn.sth.seeninthemind'seye;thepowerofimagination想象（力）automaticallyad.自动地；无意识地automatica.appropriatelyad.properly,suitablyappropriatea.purposefula.havingaconsciouspurposeself-imagen.viewofoneself自我形象accomplishmentn.sth.completelyandsuccessfullydone成就recommendvt.adviseorsuggest;speakfavorablyof建议；推荐soarvi.flyorgouphighintheair;rise翱翔；升腾screenn.whitesurfaceonwhichcinemafilms,TVprograms,etc.aresown银幕；屏幕projectvt.causeapicturefromafilmorslidetofallonasurface,etc.映，投射goaln.one'saimorpurpose目标

80attainvt.succeedinarrivingat,esp.aftereffort,reach获得；达至Uattainmentn.theactofattaining;(usu.pl)sth.successfullyreachedorlearnt,esp.askillsubstituten.apersonorthingactinginplaceofanother代替者；代用品athletica.havingtodowithactivegamesandsports;oforconcerningathletesachievementn.sth.successfullyfinishedorgained成就afterprep,inpursuitof;insearchofneglectvt.paynoattentionto;givenoornotenoughcareto忽视combinationn.joiningorputtingtogether结合methodn.wayofdoingsth.merelyad.only;simplywell-beingn.healthandhappiness;welfare康乐：安康vacationn.timeofrestandfreedomfromworkofschool;holidayrealm

81n.area;kingdom领域：王国enjoymentn.theactorfactofenjoying;pleasure;satisfactionPHRASES&EXPRESSIONamounttodevelopinto;beequaltointerferewithhinder,affect;interrupt干扰；妨碍contributetohelptoachieve;givehelptowards有助于getalongwithhaveafriendlyrelationshipwithduetobecauseof;causebycometruehappenjustaswaswished,expected,ordreamtgoaboutmakeastartat;undertake着手做PROPERNAMESBarb巴勃（女子名，Barbara的昵称）JoanT.Freyberg

82琼.T・弗赖伯格Kaiser凯泽（姓氏）FlorenceNightingale佛洛伦斯,南丁格尔Fosdick福斯迪克（姓氏）Uelses尤尔塞斯（姓氏）MaxwellMaltz马克斯韦尔・莫尔茨UNIT9InthelastdaysofWorldWar11,AdolfHitlerandhisclosestassociateshadsoughtshelterina8mmandbunkerbeforethefallofBerlin.Heknewthatdefeatwascloseathandandthathemustprepareforhisowndeath.Hereisadetaileddescriptionofhowheendedhislife.TheDeathofHitlerWilliamLShirerDuringtheafternoonofApril29,newsarrivedatthebunkerwhereAdolfHitlerandEvaBraunwereseparatedfromtheoutsideworld.Mussolini,Hitler'sfellowfascistdictatorandpartnerinaggression,hadmethisend,andithadbeensharedbyhismistress,QaraPetacci.TheyhadbeencaughtbyItalianguerrillasonApril27whiletryingtoescapetoSwitzerlandandexecutedafterabrieftrial.OntheSaturdaynightofApril28thebodieswerebroughttoMilaninatruckanddumpedonthetownsquare.Thenextdaytheywere

83strungupbytheheelsfromlamppostsandlatercutdownsothatthroughouttherestofSunday,theylayinthegutter.OnMayDayBenitoMussoliniwasburiedbesidehismistressinthepaupers'plotofaMilancemetery.InsuchahorribleclimaxofdegradationMussoliniandFascismpassedintohistory.ItisnotknowhowmanyofthedetailsofMussolini'sshabbyendwerecommunicatedtotheFuehrer.Onecanonlyguessthatifheheardmanyofthemhewasonlystrengthenedinhisresolvenottoallowhimselforhisbridetobemadeaspectaclenottheirliveselvesortheirbodies.ShortlyafterreceivingthenewsofMussolini*sdeath,Hitlerbegantomakethefinalpreparationsforhis.HehadhisfavoriteAlsatiandogpoisonedandtwootherdogsinthehouseholdshot.ThenhecalledinhistworemainingwomensecretariesandhandedthemcapsulesofpoisontouseiftheywishedtowhentheadvancingRussiansbrokein.Hewassorry,hesaid,nottobeabletogivethemabetterfarewellgift,andheexpressedhisappreciationfortheirlongandloyalservice.Eveninghadnowcome,thelastofAdolfHitler'slife.HeinstructedMrs.Junge,oneofhissecretaries,todestroytheremainingpapersinhisfiles,andhesentoutwordthatnooneinthebunkerwastogotobeduntilfurtherorders.Thiswasinterpretedbyallasmeaningthathejudgedthetimehadcometomakehisfarewells.Butitwasnotuntillongaftermidnight,atabout2:30AMofApril30,asseveralwitnessesrecall,thattheFuehreremergedfromhisprivatequartersandappearedinthegeneraldiningpassagewheresome20persons,mostlythewomenmembersofhisgroupofassociates,wereassembled.Hewalkeddownthelineshakinghandwitheachandmumblingafewwordsthatwereinaudible.Therewasaheavyfilmofmoistureonhiseyesand,asMrs.Jungeremembered,"Theyseemedtobelookingfaraway,beyondthewallsofthebunker/'Afterheretired,acuriousthinghappened.Thetensionwhichhadbeenbuildinguptoanalmostunendurablepointinthebunkerbroke,andseveralpersonswenttothecanteentodance.TheweirdpartysoonbecamesonoisythatwordwassentfromtheFuehrer'squartersrequestingmorequiet.TheRussiansmightcomeinafewhoursandkillthemallthoughmostofthemwerealreadythinkingofhowtheycouldescapedbutinthemeantime,forabriefspell,nowthattheFuehrer'sstrictcontroloftheirliveswasover,theywouldseekpleasurewhereandhowtheycouldfindit.Thesenseofreliefamongthese

84peopleseemstohavebeenenormous,andtheydancedonthroughthenight.Berlinwasnolongerdefensible.TheRussiansalreadyhadoccupiedalmostallofthecity.ItwasnowmerelyaquestionofthedefenseofheChancellery.Ittoowasdoomed,asHitlerandBormannlearnedatthesituationconferenceatnoononApril30,thelastthatwasevertotakeplace.TheRussianswerejustablockaway.ThehourforAdolfHitlertocarryouthisresolvehadcome.Hisbrideapparentlyhadnoappetiteforlunchthatday,andHitlertookhismealwithhistwosecretariesandwithhisvegetariancook,whoperhapsdidnotrealizethatshehadpreparedhislastmeal.Whiletheywerefinishingtheirlunchatabout2:30PM,&ichKempka,theFuehrer'schauffeur,whowasinchargeoftheChancellerygarage,receivedanordertodeliverimmediately200litersofgasolineincanstotheChancellerygarden.Kempkahadsomedifficultyinroundingupsomuchfuel,buthemanagedtocollectsome180litersandwiththehelpofthreemencarriedittotheemergencyexitofthebunker.WhiletheoiltoprovidethefirstfortheVikingfuneralwasbeingcollected,Hitler,havingdonewithhislastmeal,fetchedEvaBraunforanotherandfinalfarewelltohismostintimatecollaborators:Dr.Goebbels,GeneralsKrebsandBurgdorf,thesecretaries,andMissManzialy,thecook.Theyfinishedtheirfarewellsandretiredtotheirrooms.Outsideinthepassageway,Dr.Goebbels,Bormannandafewotherswaited.Inafewmomentsarevolvershotwasheard.Theywaitedforasecondone,buttherewasonlysilence.AfteradecentintervaltheyquietlyenteredtheFuehrer'squarters.TheyfoundthebodyofAdolfHitlersprawledonthesofadrippingblood.Hehadshothimselfinthemouth.AtthissidelayEvaBraun.Tworevolvershadfallentothefloor,butthebridehadnotusedhers.Shehadswallowedpoison.Itwas3:30PMonMonday,April30,1945,tendaysafterAdolfHitler'sfifty-sixthbirthday,andtwelveyearsandthreemonthstothedaysincehehadbecomeChancellorofGermanyandhadinstitutedtheThirdFleich.Itwouldsurvivehimbutaweek.NEWWORDSbunker

85n.strongly-builtshelterforsoldiers,esp.onebuiltunderground地堡fascista.法西斯主义的n.法西斯分子dictatorn.arulerwhohasabsolutepoweroveracountry,esp.onewhohasobtainedsuchpowerbyforce独裁者partnern.伙伴aggressionn.thestartingofawar,fight,orquarrelwithoutjustcause侵略mistressn.情妇Italiana.意大利的n.意大利人；意大利语guer(r)illan.游击队员executevt.kill(sb.)bylaw;carryout,perform处死；实施,执行executivea.&n.dump

86vt.droporunload(sth.)inaheaporcarelessly倾倒stringvt.hangwithastringorropeheeln.(脚)后跟lamppostn.postforastreetlamp路AT柱paupern.apersonwithnomeansoflivelihood,esp.onewhoissupportedbycharity贫民plotn.apieceofland(usu.small)cemeteryn.placeforburyingthedead公墓；墓地horriblea.causingafeelingofgreatshock,fearordislikehorrorn.climaxn.thepointofgreatestinterestorintensity高潮degradationn.羞辱Fascismn.法西斯主义shabbya.dishonourable;mean;wornout不光彩的；卑鄙的;破旧的

87Fuehrern.(德)元首strengthenv.makeorbecomestrong(er)力口强resolven.resolution决心briden.agirlorwomanjustmarriedorabouttobemarried新娘spectaclen.anobjectofcontemptordisrespect;apublicshoworscene弓I入鄙视的对象；场面preparationn.thingsdonetogetreadyforsth.Alsatiana.阿尔萨斯的n.阿尔萨斯狼犬poisonvt.毒死，放毒n.毒药farewelln.goodbyeappreciationn.understandingofthequalitiesorworthofsth.;gratefulfeelings欣赏；感激loyala.truetoone'sfriends,group,country,etc.faithful忠诚的

88instructvt.giveordersordirectionsto命令；指示filen.卷宗；档案wordn.orderinterpretvt.explainortellthelikelymeaningof(sth.)interpretationn.privatea.personal;onHsown私人的；个人的mostlyad.chiefly;almostallassociaten.apersonconnectedwithanother,esp.inworkassemblevt.gatherorcollecttogether集合inaudiblea.thatcannotbeheardmoisturen.slightwetness;waterorotherliquidspreadinsmalldropsintheairoronasurface潮湿，湿气retirevi.withdraw;goaway退H；

89unendurablea.unbearablecanteenn.aplaceinamilitarycamp,factory,etc.wherepeoplemaybuyandeatfood,meals,drinks,sweets,etc.食堂weirda.strange;unnaturalrequestvt.Demandpolitely请求meantimen.&ad.(in)thetimebetweenspelln.aperiodoftimestricta.rigid严厉的reliefn.thefactorstateoflesseningorfreeingfromanxiety,fear,orpain（忧虑等的）减轻,解除enormousa.verylargedefensiblea.thatcanbedefendeddoomvt.causetosuffersth.unavoidableandunpleasant,suchasdeathordestruction

90noonn.middayapparentlyad.evidently;itseems（that）apparenta.vegetariana.relatingtoapersonwhoeatsvegetablesbutnomeat（有关）素食的chauffeurn.apersonemployedtodrivesomeone'scarlitern.（容量单位）升gasolinen.汽油fueln.燃料intimatea.closeinrelationship亲密的collaboratorn.partnerinanactivity协作者,同伙passagewayn.走廊revolvern.左轮手枪decent

91a.rightandsuitable合宜的；得休的intervaln.timebetweentwoevents间隔sofan.沙发dripv.fallorletfallindropsswallowvt.吞咽chancellorn.chiefministerofstate(insomecountriese.g.Germany)总理(或首’相)institutevt.setupforthefirsttime建立PHRASES&EXPRESSIONSmeetone'senddiestringuphang(sth.)highwithstrings;puttodeathbyhanging用绳吊起；吊死callinasktocomeorgoinbreakinenterabuildingbyforce(非法)强行进入buildup

92increase,strengthengraduallyinthemeantimemeanwhileinchargeofresponsibleforroundupcollect,gathertogether集拢havedonewithfinishwith;stopdoingorusing结束；终止toa/thedayexactly（intime）PROPERNAMESAdolfHitler阿道夫.希特勒EvaBraun爱娃.勃劳恩BenitoMussolini本尼托,墨索里尼0araPetacci克拉拉•贝塔西Switzerland瑞士Milan

93米兰（意大利城市）MayDay劳动节theFuehrer元首（纳粹统治时期对希特勒的称呼）Junge荣格（姓氏）Berlin柏林（德国首都）theChancellery（德国）总理府Bormann鲍曼（姓氏）ErichKempka埃里希・肯普卡Viking（八至十世纪劫掠欧洲海岸的）北欧海盗Goebbels戈培尔（姓氏）Krebs克莱勃斯（姓氏）Burgdorf布克道夫（姓氏）

94Manzialy曼齐阿里（姓氏）theThirdFteich第三帝国UNIT10AlvinTofflerwritesaboutthefactthattechnologyisadvancingmuchfastertodaythaneverbeforeinhistory.Thesymbolsoftechnologyarenolongerfactorysmokestacksorassemblylines.Asweareheadedforthefuture,thepacewillquickenstillfurther.TheFantasticSpurtinTechnologyA.TofflerTomostpeoplethetermtechnologyconjuresupimagesofsmokysteelm川sornoisymachines.PerhapstheclassicrepresentationoftechnologyisstilltheassemblylinecreatedbyHenryFordhalfacenturyagoandmadeintoasocialsymbolbyCharlieChaplininModernTimes.Thissymbol,however,hasalwaysbeeninadequateandmisleading,fortechnologyhasalwaysbeenmorethanfactoriesandmachines.TheinventionofthehorsecollarinthemiddleagesledtomajorchangesinagriculturalmethodsandwasasmuchatechnologicaladvanceastheinventionoftheBessemerfurnacecenturieslater.Moreover,technologyincludestechniques,orwaystodothings,aswellasthemachinesthatmayormaynotbenecessarytoapplythem.Itincludeswaystomakechemicalreactionsoccur,waystobreedfish,plantforests,lighttheaters,countvotesorteachhistory.Theoldsymbolsoftechnologyareevenmoremisleadingtoday,whenthemostadvancedtechnologicalprocessesarecarriedoutfarfromassemblylinesorblastfurnaces.Indeed,inelectronics,inspacetechnology,inmostofthenewindustries,quietandcleansurroundingsarecharacteristic-evensometimesessential.Andtheassemblyline-theorganizationoflargenumbersofmentocarryoutsimplerepetitivefunctions-isoutdated.Itistimeforoursymbolsoftechnologytochange-tocatchupwiththequickeningchangeintechnologyitself.Thisaccelerationisfrequentlydramatizedbyabriefaccountoftheprogressin

95transportation.Ithasbeenpointedout,forexample,thatin6000BCthefastesttransportationavailabletomanoverlongdistanceswasthecamelcaravan,averagingeightmilesperhour(mph).Itwasnotuntilabout1600BCwhenthechariotwasinventedthatthemaximumspeedwasraisedtoroughlytwentymilesperhour.Soimpressivewasthisinvention,sodifficultwasittoexceedthisspeedlimit,thatnearly3,500yearslater,whenthefirstmailcoachbeganoperatinginEnglandin1784,itaveragedameretenmph.Thefirststeamlocomotive,introducedin1825,couldhaveatopspeedofonlythirteenmphandthegreatsailingshipsofthetimelaboredalongatlesstanhalfthatspeed.Itwasprobablynotuntilthe1880'sthatman,withthehelpofamoreadvancedsteamlocomotive,managedtoreachaspeedofonehundredmph.Ittookthehumanracemillionsofyearstoattainthatrecord.Ittookonlyfifty-eightyears,however,togofourtimesthatfast,sothatby1938meninairplanesweretravelingatbetterthan400mph.Ittookameretwenty-yearflickoftimetodoublethelimitagain.Andbythe1960'srocketplantsapproachedspeedsof4,00mph.andmeninspacecapsuleswerecirclingtheearthat18,000mph.Whetherweexaminedistancestraveled,altitudesreached,ormineralsmined,thesameaccelerativetrendisobvious.Thepattern,hereandinathousandotherstatisticalseries,isabsolutelyclearandunmistakable.Thousandsofyearsgoby,andthen,inourwontimes,asuddenburstingofthelimits,afantasticspurtforward.Thereasonforthisistattechnologyfeedsonitself.Technologymakesmoretechnologypossible,aswecanseeifwelookforamomentattheprocessofinnovation.Technologicalinnovationconsistsofthreestages,linkedtogetherintoaself-reinforcingcycle.Rrst,thereisthecreative,feasibleidea.Second,itspracticalapplication.Third,itsdiffusionthroughsociety.Theprocessiscompleted,theloopclosed,whenthediffusionoftechnologyembodyingthenewidea,inturn,helpsgeneratenewcreativeideas.Todaythereisevidencethatthetimebetweeneachofthestepsinthiscyclehasbeenshortened.Thusitisnotmerelytrue,asfrequentlynoted,that90percentofallthescientistswhoeverlivedarenowalive,andthatnewscientificdiscoveriesarebeingmadeveryday.Thesenewideasareputtoworkmuchmorequicklythaneverbefore.Thetimebetweenthefirstandsecondstagesofthecycle-betweenideaandapplication-hasbeen

96radicallyreduced.Thisisastrikingdifferencebetweenourselvesandourancestors.Itisnotthatwearemoreeagerorlesslazythanourancestors,butwehave,withthepassageoftime,inventedallsortsofsocialdevicetohastentheprocess.Butifittakeslesstimetobringanewideatothemarketplace,italsotakeslesstimeforittosweepthroughthesociety.Forexample,therefrigeratorwasintroducedintheUnitedStatesbefore1920,yetitspeakproductiondidnotcomeuntilmorethanthirtyyearslater.However,by1950-inonlyafewyears-televisionhadgrownfromalaboratorynoveltytothebiggestpartofshowbusiness.Sotheintervalbetweenthesecondandthirdstagesofthecycle-betweenapplicationanddiffusion-haslikewisebeencut,andthepaceofdiffusionisrisingwithastonishingspeed.Thestepped-uppaceofinvention,applicationanddiffusion,inturn,acceleratesthewholecyclestillfurther.Fornewmachinesortechniquesarenotmerelyaproduct,butasource,offreshcreativeideas.NEWWORDSfantastica.unbelievablylargeorgreat极大的；难以置信的spurtn.ashortsuddenincreaseofactivity,effortorspeed;burst猛增；突然加速；迸发conjurevt.cause(sth.)toappearinthemind唤起：使想起smokya.givingoutmuchsmokemilln.factoryorworkshopclassica.typical经典的，典型的

97representationn.sth.thatrepresents代表representvt.symboln.sign,mark,orobjectwhichrepresentsaperson,idea,value,etc.象征inadequatea.notadequate;insufficientmisleadinga.causingwrongconclusions;causingmistakesmisleadvt.inventionn.theactofinventing;sth.inventedhorsecollar马飘agriculturala.ofagriculturefurnacen.熔炉，炉子applyvt.putintouseoroperation应用，运用occurvt.takeplace;happenbreed

98vt.raise(esp.animals)饲养voten.选票；选举(权)advanceda.faronindevelopment;modernblastn.鼓风；送风blastfurnace鼓风炉；高炉electronicsn.电子技术；电子学surroundingsn.(usedwithapl.v.)everythingaroundandaboutaplace;conditionsoflife环境characteristica.showingtheindividualcharacter表示特性的essentiala.necessary;mostimportantorganizationn.theactoforganizing;anorganizedbodyorsystemrepetitiven.theactoforganizing;anorganizedbodyorsystemrepetitivea.oforcharacterizedbytheactofrepeatingrepetitionn.function

99n.specialduty(ofaperson)orpurpose(ofathing)职责，功能，作用outdateda.nolongeringeneraluse;old-fashioned过时的quickenv.makeorbecomequick(er)accelerationn.加速dramatizevt.putintodramaticfrom;expressorrepresent(sth.)inadramaticorexaggeratedwayaccountn.reportordescriptiontransportationn.thebusinessofcarryingpeopleorgoodsfromoneplacetoanother运输transportvt.BCabbr.Before(thebirthof)Christ公元前availablea.capableofbeinggot,obtained,used,etc.可获得的；可利用的cameln.骆驼caravann.（往返于沙漠地带的）商队averagevt.haveasanaverage平均为

100perprep.foreach每mphabbr.milesperhourchariotn.two-wheeledcarriagepulledbyhorses(古时)双轮马拉战车maximumn.&a.(being)thelargestnumber,amount,etc.roughlyad.about;moreorlessbutnotexactlyimpressivea.makingadeepimpressiononthemindandfeelings给人深亥ij的印象的exceedvt.goorbebeyondalimit,measure,ordegree超过coachn.large,old-fashioned,closedcarriagepulledbyhorses四轮大马车operatev.(causeto)work,beinactionmerea.nothingmorethanlocomotivea.railwayengine火车头racen.maindivisionofanylivingthings;nationortribe属；人种airplane

101n.飞机flickn.sudden,lightbloworstroke;suddenshortmovement轻弹；突然的轻快动作rocketn.火箭capsulen.thepartofaspaceshipinwhichthepilotsliveandworkandfromwhichtheengineisseparatewhenthetakeoffiscompleted宇宙密封舱altituden.高，（尤指海拔）高度mineraln.矿物，矿石accelerativea.加速的trendn.generaldirection;tendency趋向；倾向patternn.thewayinwhichsth.happensordevelops模式statisticala.统计的；统计学的unmistakablea.clearlyrecognizableinnovation

102n.theintroductionofsth.new;newidea,method,orinvention革新；新方法stagen.point,periodorstepindevelopment阶段；时期cyclen.seriesofeventstakingplaceinaregularlyrepeatedorder循环；周期feasiblea.capableorbeingcarriedoutordone;possible可行的diffusionn.theactofspreadingout(knowledge,etc.)widely扩散；传播embodyvt.giveformtoexpress体现generatevt.causetoexistoroccur;produce发生；产生shortenv.makeorbecomeshorterscientifica.ofscience;guidedbytherulesofscienceradicallyad.fundamentally;essentially;extremelystrikinga.verynoticeable;attractingattention显著的ancestorn.祖先marketplace

103n.squareoropenplaceinatownwhereamarketisheldrefrigeratorn.冰箱frigen.refrigeratorpeakn.thehighestpointorlevel;thepointedtopofamountainorhill顶峰;山峰noveltyn.sth.newandunusual;innovation新奇的事物novela.新颖的，新奇的likewisead.inthesamewayastonishinga.verysurprising;amazingstepped-upa.increasedinsize,speed,orextentacceleratev.(causeto)movefaster力口速PHRASES&EXPRESSIONSconjureupcausetoappearasapictureinthemind使联想起labo(u)ralongmoveslowlyandwithdifficulty

104gobypass(inplaceortime)feedon(ofanimals)liveon(food);drawstrength,supportorsatisfactionfrominturninpropersequenceorsuccession依次，轮流，转而puttoworkapplyPROPERNAMESHenryFord亨利.福特CharlieChaplin查利.卓别麟Bessemer贝西默(姓氏)