湖南省衡阳市第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语Word版含解析.docx

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2024届高三统一考试试题英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Gototheplayground.B.Getoutoftheelevator.C.Stopjumpingintheelevator.2.Whatwillhappenaboutthecitycenter?A.Therewillbemorepollution.B.Therewillbemorebicycletracks.C.Therewillbemoreparkingareas.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.4.Whyisthewomanunsatisfiedwiththefish?A.Ittastesterrible. B.Itisservedtoolate.C.It’snotwhatsheordered.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inatheatre.C.Atagasstation.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whodoesthemanwanttospeakto?A.MaryJones.B.JackStewart.C.DavidBowie.7.Whenwillthetrainingcoursestart?A.OnJune12th.B.OnJuly12th.C.OnJuly22nd.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmuchistherentfortheextralargetentperday?A.$10.B.$50.C.$60.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Reserveatent.B.Lookforacampingsite.C.Changehercampingplan.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthemantourthecampus?A.OnMondaymorning.B.OnMondayafternoon.C.OnTuesdayafternoon.11.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersprobablyinnow?A.Thefirstyear.B.Thesecondyear.C.Thethirdyear.12.WhatactivitywillthemantakepartinonTuesdaymorning?A.CareersLecture.B.StudentUnionInduction.C.LibraryTour.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatpositionisthemanapplyingfor?A.Amusicteacher.B.Aradiohost.C.ATVproducer.14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutsendinge-mails? A.Heisgoodatit.B.Heneedstimetopractice.C.Heprefersmakingphonecalls.15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?A.Alotoftraffic.B.Gettingupearly.C.Dealingwithcomplaints.16.Whoappearsintheman’sreferencelist?A.Hisformerboss.B.Hisformerclassmate.C.Hisformercolleague.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whenwilltheracebeheldthisyear?A.OnMay11th.B.OnMay23rd.C.OnMay24th.18.Wheredoestheracestart?A.Atthefootballground.B.Onthenorthsideofthepark.C.Atthemainentranceofthepark.19.Whatcaneveryrunnergetthisyear?A.AT-shirt.B.Awaterbottle.C.Apairofrunningshoes.20.Whocanrunintheracefreeofcharge?A.Childrenbetween8and15.B.Childrenundertheageof8.C.Adultswhohaveregisteredinadvance.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,BC,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourcitiesthataregreatforwintertravel.QuebecCity,CanadaQuebecCityisoneoftheoldestcitiesinNorthAmerica.Inthewinter,itiscoveredinathickblanketofsnow,creatingbeautifulwinterscenery.VisitorscanexploretheQuebecCitycastle,thestreetsoftheoldtown,andancientchurches.Youcanalsotrywinteractivitiessuchasskiing,ice-skating,anddog-sledding.Helsinki,FinlandHelsinki,thecapitalofFinland,turnsintoafairytale-likecityinthewinter.Youcantakeawalkalongthe frozencoastoftheBalticSea,visitSt.Nicholas’AnglicanChurchandtheNationalMuseumofFinland,andindulgeinthepleasureoftastingcandyandhotchocolateinwarmcafes.Additionally,youcanexperiencethewondersoftheArcticCirclenearbyinLapland,includingchasingthenorthernlights,reindeersledding,andvisitingSantaClausVillage.Innsbruck,AustriaInnsbruckissituatedintheAlpsandisawintersportsdestination.Thecityisfamousforitsmagnificentmountainsceneryandworld-classskiresorts.Visitorscanenjoythemedievalarchitectureinthecitycenter,skiattheOlympicskiresort,orwatchskijumpingcompetitionsattheskijumpingvenue.Lausanne,SwitzerlandLausanneisacityintheFrench-speakingregionofSwitzerland,locatedontheshoresofLakeGeneva.Thecityboastscharminglakeviewsandsnow-cappedmountainbackgrounds,makingitanidealwintervacationdestination.Youcantakeastrollalongthelakesidepromenade,visittheOlympicMuseum,orsampleSwisscuisinesuchaschocolateandcheesefondue.Additionally,Lausannehassomefamousskiresorts,suchasLesDiableretsandVillars.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinQuebecCityduringthewinter?A.Visitthefamouschocolatefactory.B.ExploreSantaClausVillage.C.Appreciatetheoldbuildings.D.Walkingalongthebeautifulbeach.2.WhichcitywillbethefirstchoiceifonewantstoseetheArcticlandscape?A.QuebecCity.B.Helsinki.C.Innsbruck.D.Lausanne.3.Whatdothelasttwocitieshaveincommon?A.Theyhavefamousskiresorts.B.Theyhaveworld-famousmuseums.C.Theyarelocatedontheshoresoflakes.D.TheyarefamousfortheOlympicGames.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个非常适合冬季旅行的城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章QuebecCity,Canada部分“QuebecCityisoneoftheoldestcitiesinNorthAmerica.In thewinter,itiscoveredinathickblanketofsnow,creatingbeautifulwinterscenery.VisitorscanexploretheQuebecCitycastle,thestreetsoftheoldtown,andancientchurches.Youcanalsotrywinteractivitiessuchasskiing,ice-skating,anddog-sledding.(魁北克市是北美最古老的城市之一。在冬天，它被厚厚的雪毯覆盖，创造了美丽的冬季风景。游客可以探索魁北克城的城堡、老城区的街道和古老的教堂。你也可以尝试一些冬季活动，比如滑雪、滑冰和狗拉雪橇。)”可知，冬天游客在Quebec能欣赏那些古老的建筑。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章Helsinki,Finland部分中“Additionally,youcanexperiencethewondersoftheArcticCirclenearbyinLapland,includingchasingthenorthernlights,reindeersledding,andvisitingSantaClausVillage.(此外，您还可以在拉普兰附近体验北极圈的奇观，包括追逐北极光、驯鹿雪橇和参观圣诞老人村。)”可知，如果想看北极景观，Helsinki将是首选。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。由文章Innsbruck,Austria部分中“Thecityisfamousforitsmagnificentmountainsceneryandworld-classskiresorts.(这座城市以其壮丽的山景和世界级的滑雪胜地而闻名。)”和Lausanne,Switzerland部分中“Additionally,Lausannehassomefamousskiresorts,suchasLesDiableretsandVillars.(此外，洛桑还有一些著名的滑雪胜地，如LesDiableets和Villars。)”可知，最后两个城市都有著名的滑雪胜地。故选A。BCreightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,whichremainspopularforitsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.Hewasoftenstoppedonthestreet,andisregularlycalled“themanfromthezoo”.Creighton’sfatherandhisbrotheralsoworkedatDublinZoo.“Idon’teverremembernotbeinginthezoo,”hesaid.Creighton’spassionforanimalwelfareisclear,andnotsomethingthathasreducedovertheyears-forhim,orhisfather.Justafewhoursearlierhewasatthevet’swithhisfatherwheretheir15-year-oldGermanshepherdhadtobeputtosleep.“Foranyzookeeper,losingananimalislikelosingapartofyourself,”saidCreighton.Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanoldlion,whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzeeinher50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthedeathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,assomethinggut-wrenching.InJanuary2021,heleftDublinZooandstartedhisownconsultancyagency,GlobalElephantCare.Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(围场)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,Australiaandthe UnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild,butneverthelesstalksstraightlyabouttheirsituation.Thereareabout40,000Asianelephantsleftintheworld.Inanhour,therewillprobablybefiveorsixAfricanelephantskilledfortheirivory.Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,withincreasinghumanencroachment(侵占)ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwithasmile.4.WhyisCreightonfamiliartomedia?A.HewasinvolvedinaTVprogram.B.Hefilmedadocumentaryonthepeople.C.Hepostedhisworklifeinthezooonline.D.Hewasthezookeeperofthepopularzoo.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gut-wrenching”inparagraph3mean?A.Tooproud.B.Greatlycheerful.C.Quitehelpless.D.Extremelyupset.6.WhatisCreighton’spurposeofestablishingGlobalElephantCare?A.Toraisemoneytohelpelephants.B.Toguaranteetheelephants’welfare.C.Tomanagetheelephantsinthewild.D.Toimproveelephants’livingconditions.7.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeCreighton?A.Efficientandjust.B.Sociableandloyal.C.Caringandoptimistic.D.Sensitiveandmean.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克里顿这位前动物园工作人员的故事，以及他对动物福祉的深厚情感和他在动物保护方面的工作。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Creightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,whichremainspopularforitsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.(克里顿对媒体并不陌生，他曾经是某电视剧的主角，该剧通过幕后的视角展示了动物园生活的起起伏伏，至今仍然很受欢迎)”可知，克里顿对媒体并不陌生的原因是他曾经参加过一个电视节目，故选A项。 【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词上文“Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanoldlion,whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzeeinher50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthedeathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,as(他目睹了一头老狮子的安乐死，这让那里的许多动物园管理员都流下了眼泪。一只50多岁的黑猩猩去世时，克雷顿和他的父亲多年来一直在照顾它。他还将1996年一头从运输集装箱中逃脱的犀牛的死亡描述为)”可知，犀牛从从运输集装箱中逃脱后死亡，这让克里顿感到很难过。由此推知，第三段划线部分的含义为“非常难过的”。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(围场)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，建立全球大象护理中心的目的是为了确保大象的福祉，故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures(围场)inFrance,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild.(他正在法国、英国、美国、以色列、澳大利亚和阿联酋等地致力于大象护理和圈养设施的发展，在这些地方，大象将拥有空调以抵御高达50度的酷热。他还致力于开展逐步释放大象回归野外项目的管理工作)”可推知，克里顿是一个有关爱之心的人。根据最后一段“Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,withincreasinghumanencroachment(侵占)ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwithasmile.(尽管世界各地的大象面临着残酷的现实，随着人类对其自然栖息地的日益侵占，克里顿还是微笑着面对)”可推知，克里顿是一个乐观的人。故选C项。CAnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.“Formanydecades,scientiststhoughtthebrainmaybeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsofairpollution,”saidseniorstudyauthorDr.ChrisCarlsten.“Thisstudy,whichisthefirstofitskindintheworld,providesfreshevidencesupportingaconnectionbetweenairpollutionandcognition.” Forthestudy,theresearchersbrieflyexposed25healthyadultstodieselexhaust(柴油废气)andfilteredairatdifferenttimesinalaboratorysetting.Brainactivitywasmeasuredbeforeandaftereachexposureusingfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI).Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain’sdefaultmodenetwork(DMN),asetofinter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryandinternalthought.ThefMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityinwidespreadregionsoftheDMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.“WeknowthatalteredfunctionalconnectivityintheDMNhasbeenassociatedwithreducedcognitiveperformanceandsymptomsofdepression,soit’sconcerningtoseetrafficpollutioninterruptingthesesamenetworks,”saidDr.JodieGawryluk,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofVictoriaandthestudy’sfirstauthor.“Whilemoreresearchisneededtofullyunderstandthefunctionalimpactsofthesechanges,it’spossiblethattheymayimpair(损害)people’sthinkingorabilitytowork.”Notably,thechangesinthebrainweretemporaryandparticipants’connectivityreturnedtonormalaftertheexposure.Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglastingwhereexposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey’rebreathingandtakeappropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecarexhaust.8.Howdoestrafficpollutionaffectpeopleaccordingtothestudy?A.Exhaustingtheirbody.B.Decreasingtheirincome.C.Endangeringtheirsafety.D.Harmingtheirbrainfunction.9.WhatmaytheDMNberesponsiblefor?A.Growth.B.Sport.C.Memory.D.Behaviour.10.WhatcanpeopledotoreducetheimpactaccordingtoDr.Carlsten?A.Avoidbeingexposedtothepollutedairconstantly.B.Bemindfuloftheairqualityinanewcity.C.Measurethebrainactivityinlaboratories.D.Stayinsideahouseasoftenaspossible.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ARoleOfBrainWillBeRuinedB.TrafficPollutionMayImpairBrainFunctionC.AFamousUKUniversityDidAVitalStudyD.ASourceOfPollutionHasDrawnPeople’sAttention 【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。【8题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.(英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，交通污染会损害人们的大脑功能。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain’sdefaultmodenetwork(DMN),asetofinter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryandinternalthought.ThefMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityinwidespreadregionsoftheDMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.(研究人员分析了大脑默认模式网络(DMN)的变化，这是一组相互连接的大脑区域，在记忆和内部思维中起着重要作用。功能磁共振成像显示，与过滤空气相比，接触柴油废气后，参与者DMN广泛区域的功能连通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能负责记忆。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglastingwhereexposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey’rebreathingandtakeappropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecarexhaust.(Carlsten博士认为，如果持续接触，这种影响可能会持续很长时间。他说，人们应该注意自己呼吸的空气，并采取适当措施，尽量减少接触汽车尾气等潜在有害空气污染物。)”可知，Carlsten博士认为，人们可以避免经常暴露在被污染的空气中来减少影响。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.(英属哥伦比亚大学(UBC)和维多利亚大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新研究，该研究表明普通水平的交通污染可以在几个小时内损害人类的大脑功能。故选B。D Inrecentyears,studieshavesuggestedhowthebisphenolA(BPA)insomefood-packagingplasticshasbeenlinkedtovarioushealthproblemsincludingheartdiseaseanddevelopmentaldifficultiesinchildren.Scientistsarethusdevelopingamoreharmlessalternative,andit’smadefromtomatowastewhichwouldotherwisebegotridof.However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichareappliedtotheinsideofmetalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelpprotectthemetalfromcorrosion(腐蚀),plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthecontainer.Buildingonpreviousstudies,aninternationalteamhasresearchedatypeofagriculturalwasteknownastomatopomace.Thismaterialtypicallyconsistsoftomatoskins,seedsandstems,whichareleftoverafterthefruitshavebeenprocessedforuseinfoodssuchassaucesorjuices.Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,oratbestcomposted.Itmayalsobeusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn’thavemuchnutritionalvalue.Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace—firstinthesunforthreedays,thenina60℃ovenfor16hours—afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.Thatpowderwassubsequentlymixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution(溶液),whichwasthenheatedat100℃forfourhours.Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,theresearcherswereleftalipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhichwassprayedontosamplesofsomemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeenheatedina200℃ovenfor10to60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhichprovedtobeveryeffectiveatprotectingthemetal.Thescientistsnowplanontestingthecoatingonactualcans.“Wewouldtaketomatosauce,andotherfoodsthatareusuallysoldincans,andwewouldsterilizethem,putthemintinsandcheckiftheywithstandrealconditions,”saidascientist.12.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelytousetheplasticcoating?A.Apotfullofwater.B.Acupfilledwithcoffee.C.Atincontainingapplejuice.D.Anironboxstuffedwithpackagedfood.13.Whatdoweknowabouttomatopomace?A.It’susedasanimal’sfoodwithrichnutrition.B.Ithasbeenusedintheplasticcoatings.C.Peopleuseittomakesauceorjuice.D.Peopleusuallytreatitinmanyways.14.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4? A.Howthenewcoatingiscreated.B.Whyheatingisimportant.C.Whyhightemperatureisneeded.D.Whatothermaterialsareincluded.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topresentascientificstudy.B.Tointroduceanewmaterial.C.Toshowacomplexprocess.D.Toteachanactualtest.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题，因此科学家们使用番茄渣制成了一种新型涂层，以解决该问题，接下来研究人员会对该材料展开进一步的测试。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichareappliedtotheinsideofmetalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelpprotectthemetalfromcorrosion(腐蚀),plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthecontainer.(然而，双酚A仍被广泛应用于如罐头等金属食品包装内部的塑料涂层。这些光滑的防水涂层有助于保护金属免受腐蚀，还可以防止食物粘在容器内部)”可知，这种塑料涂层是用在如罐头等金属食品包装内部，保护金属免受腐蚀，再结合选项可知，C项“装有苹果汁的罐头”最有可能使用这种涂层。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,oratbestcomposted.Itmayalsobeusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn’thavemuchnutritionalvalue.(通常情况下，番茄渣被简单地倾倒在垃圾填埋场，燃烧，或者最好用于堆肥。它也可以用于动物饲料，尽管它没有太多的营养价值)”可知，番茄渣的处理方式包括：当作垃圾被填埋、燃烧、制作堆肥、制成动物饲料。由此可知，人们通常以多种方式处理它。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace—firstinthesunforthreedays,thenina60℃ovenfor16hours—afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.Thatpowderwassubsequentlymixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution(溶液),whichwasthenheatedat100℃forfourhours.Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,theresearcherswereleftalipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhichwassprayedontosamplesofsomemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeenheatedina200℃ovenfor10to60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhichprovedtobeveryeffectiveatprotectingthemetal.(科学家们首先将番茄渣晒干——首先在阳光下晒三天，然后在60℃的烤箱里烘烤16个小时——然后将其磨成粉末。随后将粉末与氢氧化钠溶液混合，然后在100℃下加热4 小时。在反复过滤该溶液以去除氢氧化钠后，研究人员得到了一种脂质。然后将脂质混合到乙醇溶液中，再将乙醇溶液喷洒到一些金属样品上。一旦喷雾干燥，样品在20℃的烤箱中加热10到60分钟，成果是聚合漆涂层，被证明对保护金属非常有效)”可知，本段具体介绍了科学家们处理番茄渣，将其制成新涂层材料的操作步骤。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Scientistsarethusdevelopingamoreharmlessalternative,andit’smadefromtomatowastewhichwouldotherwisebegotridof.(因此，科学家们正在开发一种更无害的替代品，它是由番茄渣制成的，否则这些废弃物就会被处理掉)”可知，文章主要围绕科学家们使用番茄渣制成的一种新型涂层展开，介绍了传统的含有双酚A的涂层会引发健康问题的背景情况，番茄渣这种材料的传统处理方式，并描述了这种新型涂层的制作步骤和效果，以及进一步的研究方向。由此可知，文章的目的是介绍一种新涂层材料。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultivatinggratituderequireseffortandacommitmenttochange.Thefollowingexercisescanhelpyoutakeonagratefuloutlook.Practicemindfulness____16____.Tapintoyoursensesandletyourmindlinger(逗留)onpleasant,everydaysensations.Focusonthetasteofaripestrawberry,forexample,thefeelingofthesunonyourskin,orthegentlesoundofbackgroundmusic.Thiscanhelpgroundyouinthepresent,pullingyouawayfromworrying.KeepagratitudejournalTherearemanywaystocreateagratitudejournal.First,decideifyouwanttokeepaphysicaljournalthatyouwriteinoradigitallistonyourphoneorcomputer.____17____.Youcanupdatethejournalonaweeklybasis,endingtheweekbyputtingdownthreeorfourmomentsthatyouappreciated.____18____Buildrelationshipsbywritingthank-youletterstopeopleinyourlife.Gointodetailabouttreasuredmemoriesfromyourrelationship.Writeaboutthepositiveeffectthey’vehadonyourlife.Whenyou’redone,youcanmailordeliverthelettersinperson.RevisitandreframepasteventsMostofuscanrecallpasteventsthatweregret.____19____.Althoughtheymayhaveledtodisappointment,shameorevenheartbreak,you’velikelyalsolearnedsomethingfromtheseexperiences. Whilethesegratitudeexercisescangiveyourmoodandoutlookawelcomeboost,itcantaketimeforthemtoimpactyourmentalhealthandoverallwell-being.Bepatientandcontinuepracticinggratitude.Turntheexercisesintolittlerituals.Intime,youmaynoticeyourstresslevelsdropandrelationshipsstrengthen.____20____.A.WritenotesofappreciationB.ListwhatdeservesappreciationC.AlittlegratitudecandoharmtoyourmoodD.Then,you’llhaveevenmorereasonstobegratefulE.Then,considerhowoftenyou’llupdatethejournalF.ItcouldbeanythingfromafailuretoangerataclosefriendG.Enjoyinglittlemomentsinyourlifecanbeawaytocultivategratitude【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了培养感恩之心的几种方法。【16题详解】根据下文“Tapintoyoursensesandletyourmindlinger(逗留)onpleasant,everydaysensations.Focusonthetasteofaripestrawberry,forexample,thefeelingofthesunonyourskin,orthegentlesoundofbackgroundmusic.Thiscanhelpgroundyouinthepresent,pullingyouawayfromworrying.(调动你的感官，让你的思维停留在愉快的、日常的感觉上。把注意力集中在成熟草莓的味道上，比如，阳光照在皮肤上的感觉，或者背景音乐柔和的声音。这可以帮助你立足于当下，让你远离担忧。)”可知，此处讲述要享受生活中的片刻时光，立足当下，G项“享受生活中的片刻时光是培养感恩之心的一种方式”符合语境，呼应标题Practicemindfulness“练习正念”。故选G。【17题详解】上文“First,decideifyouwanttokeepaphysicaljournalthatyouwriteinoradigitallistonyourphoneorcomputer.(首先,决定你是想写一本实体日记,还是在手机或电脑上写一个数字列表)”讲述了首先要做的事情，选择写实体日记还是数字的，E项“然后，考虑一下你多久更新一次日记”符合语境。说明接下来要做的事情，first…then…，表示顺序。故选E。【18题详解】通读本段内容“Buildrelationshipsbywritingthank-youletterstopeopleinyourlife.Gointodetailabouttreasuredmemoriesfromyourrelationship.Writeaboutthepositiveeffectthey’vehadonyourlife.Whenyou’redone,youcanmailordeliverthelettersinperson.(通过给你生活中的人写感谢信来建立人际关系。详细谈谈你们关系中的珍贵回忆。写下他们对你生活的积极影响。当你完成后，你可以亲自邮寄或递送信件。) ”可知，本段介绍的培养感恩之心的方法是写感谢信，所以A项“写感谢信”是本段的小标题。故选A。【19题详解】上文“Mostofuscanrecallpasteventsthatweregret.(我们大多数人都能回忆起令我们后悔的往事。)”讲述到让我们感到后悔的事情，F项“它可以是任何事,从失败到对好朋友发火”符合语境，具体阐述一些令人后悔的事情。故选F。【20题详解】上文“Bepatientandcontinuepracticinggratitude.Turntheexercisesintolittlerituals.Intime,youmaynoticeyourstresslevelsdropandrelationshipsstrengthen.(要有耐心,继续练习感恩。把练习变成习惯。假以时日,你可能会发现自己的压力水平下降了,人际关系也得到了加强)”说明练习感恩，变成习惯，假以时日就会感到压力下降，人际关系得到加强，因此推断D项“然后，你会有更多的理由去感恩”)符合语境，对前文进行总结。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B,C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenwethinkofagrocerystore,weusuallypictureaislesoffoodandeverydaynecessities.Butsometimes,it’salsowhereunexpected____21____areformed,turningasimplestoreintoabackdropforheartwarminghumanconnections.EllieWalker,____22____ataBritishgrocerystore,wasknownforherfriendlydemeanor.Ellieenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomersbutnever____23____howdeeplytheseinteractionscouldimpactherlife.Itwasduringoneofthese____24____conversationsthatEllieencounteredEdwinHolmes,anelderlyregularcustomer,who____25____thathehadnoonetospendChristmaswith.Thisrevelation____26____achordinEllie’sheart,asshecouldn’tbearthethoughtofEdwinspendingthefestiveseasonalone.Edwinhadlosthiswifein2006after45yearsofmarriage.Hisfamily,includingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia,makingit____27____forthemtobetogetherduringtheholidays.ThisleftEdwinfacingtheprospectofa____28____Christmas.UpsetaboutEdwin’ssituation.Elliedecidedto____29____agestureofkindness.SheinvitedhimtojoinherforaChristmasmeal,hopingto____30____amemorableandjoyousexperienceforbothofthem.“Ithought,ifitwasmygranddadandhewasalone,Iwouldwantsomeonetotalktohim.”Ellie’sinvitationtoEdwinwasmorethanjustakind____31____itwasastartoftheirfriendship.FromthatmemorableChristmasdinner,abeautifulfriendship____32____.EllieandEdwinbeganmeeting regularlyforcoffee,sharingstoriesandenjoyingeachother’s____33____.Theirrelationship,whichstartedwith____34____conversationsinagrocerystore,had____35____ameaningfulandenduringfriendship.21.A.techniquesB.bondsC.ideasD.steps22.A.candidateB.participantC.employeeD.volunteer23.A.plannedB.meantC.arguedD.anticipated24.A.routineB.positiveC.bitterD.amusing25.A.agreedB.revealedC.requestedD.debated26A.chargedB.outgrewC.struckD.overlooked27.A.cautiousB.impossibleC.competitiveD.sympathetic28.A.lonelyB.warmC.sharedD.delightful29.A.extendB.commandC.disciplineD.assign30.A.allowB.begC.remindD.create31.A.fearB.prejudiceC.gestureD.temptation32.A.conductedB.stressedC.blossomedD.remembered33.A.companyB.comfortC.entertainmentD.leisure34.A.delicateB.casualC.difficultD.potential35.A.putaboutB.takeninC.struggledforD.growninto【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.A30.D31.C32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯发展了一段有意义和持久的友谊。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有时，它也是意想不到的纽带形成的地方，把一个简单的商店变成了温暖人心的人际关系的背景。A.techniques技术；B.bonds纽带；C.ideas想法；D.steps台阶。根据后文的“turningasimplestoreintoabackdropforheartwarminghumanconnections.”和后文“had15ameaningfulandenduringfriendship.”可知，它也是意想不到的纽带形成的地方，这个地方促使两人友谊纽带的产生。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾丽·沃克是英国一家杂货店员工，她以友好的举止而闻名。A. candidate候选人；B.participant参与者；C.employee员工；D.volunteer志愿者。根据后文的“Ellieenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomers”可知，艾莉喜欢每天与顾客聊天，所以艾丽·沃克是英国一家杂货店的员工。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾莉喜欢每天与顾客聊天，但从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响。A.planned计划；B.meant打算；C.argued争辩；D.anticipated预料。根据后文的“howdeeplytheseinteractionscouldimpactherlife”和后文“Theirrelationship,whichstartedwith14conversationsinagrocerystore,had15ameaningfulandenduringfriendship.”可知，艾莉从未预料到这些互动会对她的生活产生如此深远的影响，从未预料到艾莉和老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，发展成为一段有意义和持久的友谊。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在一次平常的谈话中，艾莉遇到了老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯，他透露自己没有人陪他过圣诞节。A.routine平常的；B.positive积极乐观的；C.bitter苦的；D.amusing有趣的。根据前文的“Ellieenjoyedthedailychatwithcustomers”可知，艾莉喜欢每天与顾客聊天，所以这也是一次平常的谈话。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在一次平常的谈话中，艾莉遇到了老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯，他透露自己没有人陪他过圣诞节。A.agreed同意；B.revealed透露；C.requested请求；D.debated辩论。根据后文的“thathehadnoonetospendChristmaswith”可知，老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯透露了自己的私人情况，即没有人陪他过圣诞节。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个透露触动了艾莉的心弦，因为她无法忍受埃德温独自度过节日的想法。A.charged指控；B.outgrew超过；C.struck引起（强烈感情）；D.overlooked忽视。根据前文的“achordinEllie’sheart”可知，这个透露触动了艾莉的心弦。struckachord“触动心弦，激起了共鸣”。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的家人，包括一个女儿和孙子孙女，都住在澳大利亚，这使得他们在假期里不可能在一起。A.cautious谨慎的；B.impossible不可能的；C.competitive有竞争力的；D.sympathetic同情的。根据前文的“Hisfamily,includingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia”和后文“togetherduringtheholidays”可知，亲人都住在澳大利亚，这使得他们在假期里不可能在一起。故选B项。 【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让埃德温面临着一个孤独的圣诞节。A.lonely孤独的；B.warm温暖的；C.shared共有的；D.delightful使人快乐的。根据前文的“hehadnoonetospendChristmaswith”和“Hisfamily,includingadaughterandgrandchildren,livedinAustralia,makingit7forthemtobetogetherduringtheholidays.”可知，没有人陪他过圣诞节，这让埃德温面临着一个孤独的圣诞节。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对埃德温的情况感到不安。埃莉决定提供一个友好的姿态。A.extend提供；B.command命令；C.discipline训练；D.assign分配。根据后文的“SheinvitedhimtojoinherforaChristmasmeal”可知，她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，埃莉提供了一个友好的姿态。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，希望为他们俩创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。A.allow允许；B.beg乞求；C.remind提醒；D.create创造。根据前文的“SheinvitedhimtojoinherforaChristmasmeal”和后文“amemorableandjoyousexperienceforbothofthem”可知，她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐，从而创造一个难忘而快乐的经历。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾莉对埃德温的邀请不仅仅是一种友好的姿态，也是他们友谊的开始。A.fear害怕；B.prejudice偏见；C.gesture姿态；D.temptation引诱。根据前文的“Ellie’sinvitationtoEdwin”可知，艾莉对埃德温的邀请不仅仅是一种友好的姿态。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那次难忘的圣诞晚餐开始，一段美好的友谊开始了。A.conducted进行；B.stressed强调；C.blossomed成功发展；D.remembered记住。根据前文的“FromthatmemorableChristmasdinner,abeautifulfriendship”可知，从她邀请他和她一起吃圣诞大餐开始，他们的友谊也开始发展了。故选C项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，享受彼此的陪伴。A.company陪伴；B.comfort舒适；C.entertainment娱乐；D.leisure闲暇。根据前文的“EllieandEdwinbeganmeetingregularlyforcoffee,sharingstories”可知，埃莉和埃德温开始定期见面喝咖啡，分享故事，这是他们彼此的陪伴。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，已经发展成为一段有意义和持久的友谊。A.delicate精致的；B.casual随意的；C.difficult困难的；D.potential潜在的。根据前文的“It wasduringoneofthese4conversationsthatEllieencounteredEdwinHolmes,anelderlyregularcustomer,who5thathehadnoonetospendChristmaswith.”和后文“conversationsinagrocerystore”可知，他们的关系从一次平常的谈话中，老顾客埃德温·霍姆斯透露自己没有人陪他过圣诞节开始，从杂货店里的随意交谈开始。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，已经发展成为一段有意义和持久的友谊。A.putabout谈论；B.takenin理解；C.struggledfor为……而斗争；D.growninto成长为。根据前文的“startedwith14conversations”和后文“ameaningfulandenduringfriendship”可知，他们的关系从杂货店里的随意交谈开始，发展成为友谊。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Usingathree-dimensional(3-D)transmissionelectronmicroscopytechnique,agroupofChinesescientistshavediscoveredanewphenomenoninthedeformation(变形)ofnanometals,whichwillhelpimprovematerialdesignandengineeringapplications.HuangXiaoxu,aworld-renownedscientistinthefieldofmaterialsscience,____36____(lead)ateamattheCollegeofMaterialsScienceandEngineeringofChongqingUniversityanditscooperators,createdtheworld’sfirst3-Dmicroscopytechniquesystem____37____trackedtherotationsofindividualgrainsinananograinednickelbeforeandafterinsitunanomechanicaltesting.Thetestingenablestheobservationofhowthematerialsrespondtoappliedstressin____38____(they)nativestate,whichisfundamentaltounderstandtheirmechanical____39____(property),saidtheresearch.Theyfoundthatthenanosizedgrainssometimesexperiencelatticerotationsdifferentfromthe____40____(theory)prediction.Thisunexpectedlatticerotationoccursmoreofteninthelargergrainsandisduetoaphenomenon____41____(call)backstress,whichgeneratestherotation.HuangXiaoxu’steam____42____(develop)3-Dmicroscopytechniquesoverthepast10years.Themicroscopyisequipped____43____self-developedcontrollinghardwareandsoftwaretoenhancetheefficiencyofimagecollectionandprocessing.“Inthepast,withconventionalmicroscopy,scientistscouldonlyobservethematerialdeformationinatwo-dimensionalway,____44____oftenledtoincompleteorevenmisleadingresults,”saidHuang.“Nowwecan____45____(eventual)observethedeformationin3-D,andourfirstfindingusingthetechnique.”【答案】36.leading37.and38.their 39properties40.theoretical41.called42.hasbeendeveloping43.with44.which45.eventually【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用三维透射电子显微镜技术，一组中国科学家发现了纳米金属变形的新现象，文章详述了该发现的意义。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：黄晓旭是世界知名的材料科学科学家，他带领重庆大学材料科学与工程学院的团队及其合作者，创造了世界上第一个三维显微技术系统，该系统可以在原位纳米力学测试前后跟踪纳米镍中单个颗粒的旋转。本句谓语为created，此处应用非谓语动词，且HuangXiaoxu与lead“带领”为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填leading。【37题详解】考查连词。句意：世界知名的材料科学科学家黄晓旭带领重庆大学材料科学与工程学院的团队及其合作者，创造了世界上第一个三维显微技术系统，并在原位纳米力学测试前后跟踪了纳米颗粒镍中单个颗粒的旋转。分析句子结构可知，空前的“created the world’s first 3-D microscopy technique system”和空后的“tracked the rotations of individual grains in a nanograined nickel before and after in situ nanomechanical testing”为并列关系，本空用连词and连接。故填and。【38题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：研究人员表示，该测试可以观察到材料在其原始状态下对施加应力的反应，这是了解其机械性能的基础。此处使用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，作定语，修饰nativestate。故填their。【39题详解】考查名词的数。句意：研究人员表示，该测试可以观察到材料在其原始状态下对施加应力的反应，这是了解其机械性能的基础。property“性质，特性”。结合句意和空前的their可知，特性不止一个，此处使用名词property复数形式，作understand的宾语。故填properties。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们发现，纳米颗粒有时会经历与理论预测不同的晶格旋转。此处使用形容词theoretical“理论的”，作定语，修饰名词prediction。故填theoretical。【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种意想不到的晶格旋转更常发生在较大的颗粒中，这是由于一种叫做背应力的现象，它产生了旋转。本句谓语为occurs和isdueto，此处应用非谓语动词，且phenomenon与call“称呼，给……命名”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填called。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的10年里，黄晓旭的团队一直在开发3D显微镜技术。结合时间状语over the past 10 years可知，过去的动作持续到现在，句子时态用现在完成进行时，主语Huang Xiaoxu’s team为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been developing。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：显微镜配有自主研发的控制硬件和软件，提高了图像采集和处理的效率。此处使用介词with，beequippedwith“装备有，配有”为固定短语。故填with。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“在过去，用传统的显微镜，科学家只能以二维的方式观察材料的变形，这往往导致不完整甚至误导性的结果，”黄说。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：现在我们最终可以观察到三维变形，这是我们使用该技术第一个发现。此处使用副词eventually“最终”，作状语，修饰动词observe。故填eventually。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，最近你校将举办以“FoodAndCulture”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知张贴到学校的国际部，内容包括：1.比赛时间和地点；2.比赛的要求；3.希望积极参与。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NoticeDearstudents, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thestudentunion【答案】NoticeDearstudents,OurschoolwillholdanEnglishspeechcontestwhosethemeis“FoodAndCulture”.ThecontestwillbeheldnextFridayintheschoolauditorium.Allstudentsarewelcometoparticipate.EverycontestantisrequiredtodeliveraspeechofnolessthanthreeminutesandnomorethanfiveminutesinEnglish,demonstratingagoodunderstandingofthetopic,andshowinglogicalandinnovativethinking.Wehopethatallstudentswillactivelyprepareforthiscontestandshowcasetheuniquefoodandcultureoftheirowncountries.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorneedanyassistance,pleasefeelfreetocontactthestudentunion.Welookforwardtoyourparticipation.Thestudentunion【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，最近你校将举办以“FoodAndCulture”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你以学生会的名义用英语写一则通知张贴到学校的国际部。【详解】1.词汇积累举行：hold→takeplace参加：participate→takepart发表演讲：deliveraspeech→addressaspeech准备：preparefor→makepreparationsfor2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：EverycontestantisrequiredtodeliveraspeechofnolessthanthreeminutesandnomorethanfiveminutesinEnglish,demonstratingagoodunderstandingofthetopic,andshowinglogicalandinnovativethinking.拓展句：EverycontestantisrequiredtodeliveraspeechwhichislimitedtonolessthanthreeminutesandnomorethanfiveminutesinEnglish,demonstratingagoodunderstandingofthetopic,andshowinglogicaland innovativethinking.【点睛】【高分句型1】OurschoolwillholdanEnglishspeechcontestwhosethemeis“FoodAndCulture”.（运用了whose引导定语从句）【高分句型2】EverycontestantisrequiredtodeliveraspeechofnolessthanthreeminutesandnomorethanfiveminutesinEnglish,demonstratingagoodunderstandingofthetopic,andshowinglogicalandinnovativethinking.（运用了现在分词作状语）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iwasfifteenwhenmyworldtookahopelessturnfortheworst.Mymomwasdiagnosedwithcanceragain.Shehadundergonesurgeryandbeatenthecancer.Thenthecancercameback.However,therewasmoretoworryaboutthanthediseasethatmymomwasbattling.Mydadhadleftusyearsbefore.Besides,becauseofthemountingmedicalbillsshewaspayingforherpreviouscancer,wewereontheedgeoffinancialruin.Iwastooyoungtogetajob.Thatwinterwastheworst.Wedidn’thavemoneytopayforelectricity.Ourneighbor,Sophia,allowedustouseherelectricitysothatwecouldhaveonelamponinourhome.Thegasstoveinthelivingroomwastheonlyheatinourhouse.Mymomsleptinhercoldroom,withasmanyblanketsaswecouldpileonher.ThanksgivingDaycame.Isearchedourcupboardsforfoodandtherewasn’tmuch.IstartedslammingdoorsasIlookedthroughthecabinetsforacanoffoodwemighthavemissed.ThemoreIsearched,theangrierIbecame.Thenoisemusthavewokenmymom,becauseshecametothekitchenwrappedinablanket.Shelookedworriedatmeandasked,“Baby,what’swrong,”Iretorted,“I’mhungry.I’mfreezingtodeathinourownhouse,”Iwasn’tangryather.Iwasangryatoursituation.Sheopenedherarmstowardmeandsaid,“Comehere.Rightnowthingsarehard,buthopeisalwaysthere.Whateverdifficultieswemeet,weshouldbestrong.Allyouhavetodoishavefaith.Whynotbelievewecanbebetterbyusingourownhands?”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。IwasdeeplyashamedofwhatIhaddoneandsaid. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JustasIwonderedwhattodotospendthenight,Sophiaknockedatourdoor.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:IwasdeeplyashamedofwhatIhaddoneandsaid.Theangerthathadbuiltupinsidemehadcausedmetolashoutatmymom,theonepersonwhohadalwaysbeenthereforme.Astearswelledupinmyeyes,Iranintoheropenarms.Sheheldmetightly.Inthatmoment,Irealizedthestrengthandresiliencemymompossessed.Despiteherownbattleswithcancerandourdirefinancialsituation,sheremainedoptimisticandhopeful.Herunwaveringfaithignitedasparkwithinme,fillingmewithanewfounddeterminationtoovercomeourcircumstances.JustasIwonderedwhattodotospendthenight,Sophiaknockedatourdoor.Shehadbroughtusawarmmealandsomeblankets.Seeingherkindandcaringgesture,Iwasremindedthattherewerepeoplewhocaredaboutus,peoplewillingtohelpinwhateverwaytheycould.Itwasasmallactofkindness,butitmeanttheworldtous.Overthenextfewyears,Itookoddjobsaroundtheneighborhood,doingwhateverIcouldtocontributetoourfinances.Mymomusedhercreativetalenttomakehandmadecrafts,whichwesoldatlocalmarkets.Slowlybutsurely,oursituationbegantoimprove.Thesenseofdespairthatoncefilledourhomewasreplacedwithhope.【解析】【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了15岁那年作者生活陷入了绝望之中，接受癌症治疗手术的母亲康复后再次复发，父亲几年前就离开了，母亲堆积的医疗费让家庭处于经济崩溃的边缘，作者又因为年纪太小，无法找到工作。那年冬天是最糟糕的，没有钱支付电费的作者一家靠邻居Sophia的帮助可以保留一盏亮着的灯，母亲只能睡在冰冷的房间中，靠着毯子抵御寒冷。感恩节快到的时候，作者在家里到处搜寻食物，但是没有找到，因此开始生气。被作者吵醒的母亲赶来询问作者，作者生气地回嘴，母亲张开双臂，安慰作者要心怀希望，坚强地面对困难，依靠自己度过困难。【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我对自己的所作所为和所说的话深感羞愧”可知，第一段可描写作者意识到自己的问题，两人相拥着安慰彼此，以及作者领悟到母亲的坚韧，萌生克服困难的决心。②由第二段首句内容“正当我在考虑如何度过这一夜时，Sophia敲了我们的门”可知，第二段可描写Sophia给了作者一家一些帮助，作者心怀感恩，以及作者之后付出努力，慢慢改善生活。2.续写线索：作者深感羞愧——作者和母亲相拥——作者决心克服困难——Sophia敲门——Sophia给予帮助——作者努力改善生活3.词汇激活行为类①意识到：realize/recognize②拥有：possess/own/have③点燃：ignite/light④战胜：overcome/conquer/surmount⑤帮助：help/assist/dosb.afavor情绪类①乐观的：optimistic/positive②绝望：despair/desperation/depression【点睛】[高分句型1]Theangerthathadbuiltupinsidemehadcausedmetolashoutatmymom,theonepersonwhohadalwaysbeenthereforme.(that引导限制性定语从句、who引导限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Seeingherkindandcaringgesture,Iwasremindedthattherewerepeoplewhocaredaboutus,peoplewillingtohelpinwhateverwaytheycould.(现在分词短语Seeing…作状语、that引导宾语从句、who引导限制性定语从句)