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ID:9179224
大小:258.50 KB
页数:11页
时间:2018-04-20
《破译视觉神经编码》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、破译视觉神经编码Decipheringaneuralcodeforvision 2013-04-1409:20:28Decipheringtheinformationthateyes,ears,andothersensoryorganstransmittothebrainisimportantforunderstandingtheneuralbasisofbehavior.Recordingsfromsinglesensorynervecellshaveyieldedusefulinsights,butsingleneuronsgenerallydonotmediate
2、behavior;networksofneuronsdo.Monitoringtheactivityofallcellsinaneuralnetworkofabehavinganimal,however,isnotyetpossible.Takinganalternativeapproach,weusedarealisticcell-basedmodeltocomputetheensembleofneuralactivitygeneratedbyonesensoryorgan,thelateraleyeofthehorseshoecrab,Limuluspolyphemu
3、s.Westudiedhowtheneuralnetworkofthiseyeencodesnaturalscenesbypresentingtothemodelmoviesrecordedwithavideocameramountedabovetheeyeofananimalthatwasexploringitsunderwaterhabitat.Modelpredictionswereconfirmedbysimultaneouslyrecordingresponsesfromsingleopticnervefibersofthesameanimal.Wereport
4、herethattheeyetransmitstothebrainrobust“neuralimages”ofobjectshavingthesize,contrast,andmotionofpotentialmates.Theneuralcodeforsuchobjectsisnotfoundinambiguousmessagesofindividualopticnervefibersbutratherinpatternsofcoherentactivitythatextendoversmallensemblesofnervefibersandareboundtoget
5、herbystimulusmotion.Integrativepropertiesofneuronsinthefirstsynapticlayerofthebrainappearwellsuitedtodetectingthepatternsofcoherentactivity.Neuralcodingbythisrelativelysimpleeyehelpsexplainhowhorseshoecrabsfindmatesandmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofhowmorecomplexsensoryorgansprocessinform
6、ation.Livinginaworldrichwithinformation,animalsarehighlyefficientatextractingwhatisessentialfortheirsurvival.Thefirststageofvisualprocessingbeginsintheeyewheretheretinatransformspatternsofincidentlightintensityintotrainsofimpulsesinopticnervefibers(1).Theretinacanencodeinformationinarelia
7、bleandefficientmanner(2,3)butdoesnotencodeallofit.Rathertheretinaemphasizescertainfeaturesinthevisualsceneattheexpenseofothers,presumablytohelpanimalsfindfood,locatemates,andavoidpredators(4–6).Knowingwhatananimalcanseeiscrucialforexploringtheneuralcodetheeyetransmi
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