组织行为学课程论文--电子版

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1、摘要随着中国加入WTO，国际竞争越来越激烈，市场经济也越来越成熟，而中国由于开放时间较晚，管理理论和经验落后，相对发达国家在国际竞争中处于弱势。激励问题作为人力资源管理的核心已成为决定企业成败的重要因素，中国企业如何从激励理论研究上找到突破口，尽快达到发达国家的实力是我们应当仔细思考的问题。激励机制是为了激励员工而采取的一系列方针政策、规章制度、行为准则、道德规范、文化理念以及相应的组织机构、激励措施的总和。通过这一机制所形成的推动力和吸引力，使员工萌发实现组织目标的动机，产生实现目标的的动力，引起并维持实现

2、组织目标的行为；并通过绩效评价，得到自豪感和响应的奖酬，强化自己的行为。本文通过介绍激励理论的各种理论，分析其特点，从而从不同理论身上得到关于组织管理方面的启示，从而更好地推动企业的发展，推动我国的发展。关键字：需求型激励理论过程型激励理论启示22目录摘要·······································································21激励与激励理论含义···············································

3、········42需求型激励理论···························································42.1马斯洛的需求层次理论···············································42.2赫茨伯格的双因素理论···············································52.3麦克利兰的成就需要理论············································

4、·62.4奥德弗的ERG理论···················································63过程型激励理论···························································73.1弗罗姆的期望理论····················································7223.2亚当斯的公平理论··············································

5、·····83.3斯金纳的强化理论···················································84总结·····································································9参考文献··································································10附件·········································

6、·····························11论激励理论在企业管理中的应用··········································11激励理论的演变及其新趋势·············································14激励理论概述·························································17221激励与激励理论含义激励（motivation）本是心理学的概念，从词意上看激励就是

7、激发鼓励的意思，即加法和鼓励人们朝着所期望的目标采取行动。人的行为模式清楚地表明人的行为是由需要引起，需要产生动机，动机导致行为，而行为的目的是为了满足需要。如果我们能够激发人们的动机，满足人们的需要，并使人看到满足需要的可能性，那么我们就可以激励行为。什么是激励？什么是激励理论？激励是指组织通过设计适当的外部奖酬形式和工作环境，以一定的行为规范和惩罚性措施，借助信息沟通来激发、引导、保持和归化组织成员的行为，以有效地实现组织及其成员个人目标的系统性活动，被认为是“最伟大的管理原理”。管理心理学把激励看成是“

8、持续激发动机的心理过程”。激励水平越高，完成目标的努力程度和满意度也越强，工作效能就越高；反之，激励水平越低，则缺乏完成组织目标的动机，工作效率也越低在经济发展的过程中,劳动分工与交易的出现带来了激励问题。激励理论是行为科学中用于处理需要、动机、目标和行为四者之间关系的核心理论。行为科学认为，人的动机来自需要，由需要确定人们的行为目标，激励则作用于人内心活动，激发，驱动和强化人的行为。激励理论是业绩