资源描述：
《基于gis与quickbird影像的小流域土壤侵蚀定量评价》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、生态与农村环境学报2006,22(2):1-5JournalofEcologyandRuralEnvironment基于GIS与QuickBird影像的小流域土壤侵蚀定量评价12潘竟虎,董晓峰(1.西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070;2.兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000)摘要:基于GIS技术和QuickBird遥感影像,采用修正的通用土壤流失方程RUSLE作为评价模型,计算了清水沟小流域土壤侵蚀量,并结合土壤侵蚀强度分级标准,生成流域土壤侵蚀强度等级图;利用GIS的叠置分析功能,定量分析了土壤侵蚀与坡度和土地利用
2、之间的关系,并针对不同水保措施预测了水土保持治理效果。结果表明:清-2-14水沟小流域土壤侵蚀模数为75.02t·hm·a,属强度侵蚀区,年水土流失量2.6×10t;流域64.5%的泥沙来自于占流域面积仅28%的极强度和剧烈侵蚀区域;经分析,流域土壤侵蚀模数与坡度呈显著正相关,不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀模数大小排序依次为:难利用地>建设用地>坡耕地>园地>草地>林地;退耕还林是降低土壤侵蚀强度与减少水土流失量的主要途径。关键词:土壤侵蚀;土壤流失方程;QuickBird影像;小流域;遥感中图分类号:S157.1;Q149文献标识码:A文章编
3、号:1673-4831(2006)02-0001-051GIS2and2QuickBird2BasedQuantitativeAssessmentofSoilErosioninSmallWatershed.PANJing2hu,DONG2Xiao2feng(1.CollegeofGeographicandEnvironmentalScience,NorthwestNormalUniversity,Lanzhou730070,China;2.CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentalScience,LanzhouUni
4、versity,Lanzhou730000,China)Abstract:Soilandwaterlossunderminesgravelythesustainabledevelopmentoftheregion.BasedonthetechnologyofGISandQuickBirdremote2sensingimage,volumeofthesoilerosioninthewatershedofQingshuigouwasevaluated,usingthereviseduniversalsoillossequation(RUSLE)
5、.RelationshipsofsoilerosionwithlanduseandlandslopegradientwereanalyzedbymeansofspatialoverlayofGRID.Onsuchabasis,effectivecountermeasuresforcontrollingthesoilerosionwerediscussed.ResultsshowthattheannualaveragevolumeofsoilerosioninQingshuigouwatershedreached75.02-2-1t·hm·a
6、,whichisintherangeofintensiveerosion.Asoilerosionintensitymapwasthusobtainedbasedonclassifi2cationofsoilerosionintensity,showingabout28%ofthewatershedsuffersserioussoilerosion,withsedimentbeinghigher-1than16780t·aandcontributed64.5%tothewatershed′s.Asignificantlypositivere
7、lationshipofsoilerosionwithslopegradientwasobserved.Soilerosionvariedsharplywithtypeoflanduseinadecreasingorderofunusableland>con2structionland>cultivatedslopeland>gardenfield>grassland>forestland.“GrainforGreen”isoneofthemajorstrate2giestoreducesoilerosionandsoilandwaterl
8、oss.Keywords:soilerosion;universalsoillossequation;QuickBirdimage;smallwatershed;remotese
