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1、CognTherRes(2006)30:635–643DOI10.1007/s10608-006-9042-9ORIGINALARTICLEAttentiontoThreatinAnxiety-proneIndividuals:MechanismsUnderlyingAttentionalBiasErnstH.W.KosterÆGeertCrombezÆBrunoVerschuereÆJanDeHouwerPublishedonline:10October2006ÓSpringerScience+BusinessMedia,Inc.2006Abstract
2、Cognitiveviewsonanxietyhaveproposedthatattentionalbiasestowardsthreateninginformationinhightraitanxiousindividualsplayanimportantroleinthemaintenanceofanxietyandmayevencausethedevelopmentofclinicalanxietydis-orders.However,theprecisenatureoftheseattentionalbiasesisunderdebate.Inap
3、ictorialversionofthedotprobetask,twoaccountsofattentiontothreatwerecon-trastedandthecomponentsofattentioninvolvedinorientingtothreatwereassessed.Overall,theresultssupporttheviewthatallindividualsorienttohighlythreateningpictures,withhightraitanxiousindividualsorientingmorestrongly
4、tomoderatelythreateningpicturesthanthelowtraitanxiousindividuals.Attentionalbiastothreatinhightraitanxiousindividualswascausedbyattentionaldisengagementfromthreat.Theseresultsarediscussedinrelationtocognitivemodelsofattentiontothreat.KeywordsAttentionÆAttentionalbiasÆTraitanxietyÆ
5、ThreatÆDotprobeIntroductionAcoreelementofcognitivetheoriesofanxiety(Beck,Emery,&Greenberg,1985;Eysenck,1992;Williams,Watts,MacLeod,&Mathews,1988,1997)isthatindividualsatriskforthedevelopmentofanxietydisordersarecharacterizedbybiasedattentiveprocessingofthreateninginformation.Thela
6、stdecades,awealthofstudieshavefoundevidenceforthisclaim(forreviews,seeMogg&Bradley,1998;Williamsetal.,1997).Usingcognitive-experimentaltasklikethemodifiedstroopanddotprobetask,researchershavedemonstrateddifferentialattentiveprocessingofthreatinhightraitanxiousindividuals(HTA)compar
7、edtolowtraitanxiousindividuals(LTA).However,theprecisenatureofattentionalbiasesinHTAindividualsisstillunderdebate.TwoissuesseemparticularlyimportantfortheunderstandingofdifferentialattentiontoErnstH.W.Koster(&)ÆG.CrombezÆB.VerschuereÆJ.DeHouwerDepartmentofPsychology,GhentUniversit
8、y,HenriDunantlaan2,B-9000Ghent,Be
