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1、第25卷第10期生 态 学 报Vol.25,No.102005年10月ACTAECOLOGICASINICAOct.,2005稻鸭共生对稻田水生动物群落的影响曹凑贵,汪金平,邓 环(华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉 430070)摘要:通过稻田共生的田间试验,利用水生动物取样的方法,对稻鸭共生中稻田水生动物的种类及数量进行定性定量分析。结果表明:各类水生动物的种类数与水的动静有关,放鸭越多,种类数越少,水源区最少,为15种;且稻田水生动物种类出现频次的分布符合C.Raunkiaer频度定律
2、。各类水生动物的数目和生物量均按水源区、对照区、少鸭区、多鸭区的顺序下降。用Margalef多样性指数公式计算各处理的多样性指数,以对照稻田的多样性指数2115为最高,水源区和放鸭的稻田均不高,放鸭越多,多样性指数越低。关键词:稻田;稻鸭共生;水生动物群落;多样性指数文章编号:100020933(2005)1022644206中图分类号:Q145,Q178.1,S181,S511文献标识码:ATheimpactofrice-duckintergrowthonaquaticanimalscommun
3、ityofricefieldsCAOCou2Gui,WANGJin2Ping,DENGHuan(CollegeofPlantScienceandTechnology,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan,430070,Hubei,China).ActaEcologicaSinica,2005,25(10):2644～2649.Abstract:Rice2duckintergrowthisacomplexecologicalsystemwithnaturaleco
4、logyandartificialinterfere.ThistechnologyofRice2duckintergrowthbringstheproductionofpaddyfield,cultivationandecologicalfunctionintofullplay,andopensanewwayofsustainabledevelopmentforriceandwaterfowlproduction.Thispaperdiscussedtheinfluenceofrice2ducki
5、ntergrowthonthespecies,quantities,diversityandbiomassofaquaticanimals,whichofferedaresearchapproachtoaquaticanimaldiversityforrice2duckintergrowthecosystem,andgavesometheoreticaldirectionstoreasonablyquantifyducksraisedandstandardizethetechnologyofric
6、e2duckintergrowth.TheexperimentwasconductedonexperimentalfarmofHuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan,Hubeiprovince.The2experimentwasdesignedas3treatments,(1)noduck(CK);(2)4ducks(D4);(3)6ducks(D6)ineachplotof222m.Allthetreatmentswerereplicated3timesinra
7、ndomizedblocksdesign.Tendaysafterricereplanting,duckswereputinthericefield,and50daysafterduck2raising,thesamplingofzooplankton,benthicanimalsandaquaticinsectsindifferenttreatmentplotandwaterheadfieldwasmade.ThediversityindexwascalculatedbyMargalefmeth
8、od.Inthewholeperiodofricegrowth,therewerenoweeding,nopesticideandnofertilizerperformed.Theresultshowedthatthereexistedoneimportantrelationshipbetweenthenumberofspeciesofaquaticanimalsandflowofwater.Themoreduckput,thelessspecies.Therewere15,27,
