有机合成课件第2章基础有机合成

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1、Chapter2BasicofOrganicSynthesis----PreparationofAlkane----1.HydrogenationofAlkenes2.ReductionofAlkylHalides3.CouplingofAlkylHalideswithOrganometalicCompounds----PreparationofAlkane----Hydrogenationofalkene2.Reductionofalkylhalidesa)HydrolysisofGrignardreagent.E

2、xample:b)Reductionbymetalandacid.Example:3.Couplingofalkylhalideswithorganometaliccompounds.Example:----PreparationofAlkene----1.DehydrohalogenationofAlkylHalide2.DehydrationofAlcohols3.DehalogenationofVicinalDihalides4.ReductionofAlkynes----PreparationofAlkene-

3、---1.DehydrohalogenationofalkylhalideExamples:2.DehydrationofalcoholsExamples:3.DehalogenationofvicinaldihalidesExample:4.Reductionofalkynes----PreparationofAlcohol----1.Oxymercuration-Demercuration2.Hydroboration-Oxidation3.GrignardSynthesis4.HydrolysisofAlkylH

4、alides5.HydroxylationofAlkenes----PreparationofAlcohol----1.Oxymercuration-demercurataion2.Hydroboration-Oxidation3.Grignardsynthesis4.HydrolysisofalkylhalidesExamples:5.Hydroxylationofalkenes6.Aldolcondensation7.Reductionofcarbonylcompounds8.Reductionofacidande

5、sters----PreparationofHalide----1.FromAlcohols2.HalogenationofCertainhydrocarbons3.AdditionofHydrogenHalidetoAlkenes4.AdditionofHalogentoAlkenesandAlkynes5.HalideExchange----PreparationofHalide----1.FromalcoholsExamples:2.HalogenationofcertainhydrocarbonsExample

6、s:3.Additionofhydrogenhalidetoalkenes4.Additionofhalogentoalkenesandalkenes5.Halideexchange----PreparationofEther----1.WilliamsonSynthesis2.Alkoxymercuration-Demercuration----PreparationofEther----1.WilliamsonsynthesisExamples:2.Alkoxymercuration-demercuration--

7、--PreparationofAlkylbenzene----1.Friedel-CraftsAlkylation2.ConversionofSideChain----PreparationofAlkylbenzene----1.Friedel-CraftsalkylationExamples:2.Conversionofsidechain----PreparationofPhenol----1.HydrolysisofDiazoniumSalts2.AlkliFusionofSulfonates----Prepara

8、tionofPhenol----1.HydrolysisofdiazoniumsaltsExample:2.Alkalifusionofsulfonates----PreparationofAmine----1.ReductionofNitroCompounds2.ReactionofHalideswithammoniaorAmi