大学课堂-英语翻译

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1、TranslationBasictheoriesContrastivestudyoftwolanguagesTranslationskillsTranslationappreciationandcriticismPracticeWhatistranslation?(definition)Whatisagoodtranslation?(criteria)Nida:Translatingconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesource-languagemessage,firstinte

2、rmsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.许钧：翻译是以符号转换为手段，意义再生为任务的一项跨文化的交际活动。E.g.Heissuggestivelysilent.他一声不吭，似有隐衷。Hemanagedtoraiseacropof200miracletomatoesthatweigheduptotwopoundseach.他居然种出了二百个神奇的西红柿，每个重达两镑。e.g.1.了解过去有助于了解现在，了解现在有助于预知未来。2.她一想到那次交通事故，就双腿僵硬，难以走路。1.Anacquaintanceofthepastishelpfultotheacq

3、uaintanceofthepresent,whichisinturnhelpfultothepredictionofthefuture.2.Thethoughtofthetrafficaccidentmadeherlegsbecomestiffenedunderherandunabletowalk.e.g.Oneofthemoststartlingpiecesofevidencethatshowspeoplearenotintouchwithwhat'sreallygoingonintheirpartnershipsisthefactthatthemajorityofpeoplewhofi

4、lefordivorcesaytheydidn'tthinktherewasarelationship-threateningproblemjustsixmonthspriortobreakingup.大多数申请离婚的人都说，就在感情破裂的六个月前，他们都还没有感到什么情感危机。这一令人惊讶的事实表明人们对自己的婚姻状况还不甚了解。严复：信达雅—faithfulness/expressiveness/elegance.The“threecharacterguide”isregardedasaplumb-lineoflongstandingtomeasuretheprofessionallev

5、eloftranslating.傅雷：神似—spiritualconformity,Emphasizingthereproductionofthespiritoftheflavoroftheoriginal.强调原作神韵再现。钱钟书：化境—sublimedadaptation.Focusonthetranslator’ssmoothandidiomaticChineseversionforthesakeoftheChinesereader.刘重德：信、达、切—faithfulness/expressiveness/closeness.鲁迅：宁信而不顺---rathertobefaithful

6、thansmooth。梁实秋、赵景深：宁顺而不信---rathertobesmooththanfaithful鲁迅目的：引入英文句式的表达法梁实秋目的：可读性强，便于交流。信faithfulness?达expressiveness?雅elegance?Equivalence:(1)semanticequivalence(2)stylisticequivalenceSomeCategoriesofTranslationCriteria直译vs意译LiteraltranslationvsLiberaltranslation形似vs神似FormalconformityvsSpiritualconf

7、ormity异化vs归化ForeignizationvsDomesticationAdvantagesandDisadvantages?FactorsInfluencingYourTranslationYourcompetenceandyourtemperamentContext(textualandcultural)ExpectedreadersReferenceBooks陆谷孙《英语大词典》上海译文出版社