褥疮影响因素分析及护理对策

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1、褥疮影响因素分析及护理对策张蕙程铭任君草景颖颖*［摘要］目的通过了解和分析影响褥疮发牛的主要因索，提高护理效率，降低褥疮的发牛率。方法应用非条件Logistic回归分析，对收集到褥疮高发人群相关数据进行单因素和多因素分析。结果单因素分析显示，年龄、BMK卧床时间、Braden评分、陪护人员褥疮防护知识知哓情况和康复训练6个因索均有统计学意义（/K0.05）。具屮，较低Braden评分具冇高度危险性（029.10）；高龄、肥胖和卧床时间也是褥疮发生的危险因素Z—（0R值分别为0.44,0.38和0.

2、02）；陪护人员褥疮知识知晓情况和参与康复训练具有保护作用（0R值分别为0.13和0.14）。多因索分析显示，影响褥疮发牛的主要因索包括：康复训练.Braden评分、年龄和BMT4个因素，其中康复训练的具冇较高保护作用。结论褥疮发生的主要影响因素是Braden评分和康复训练,加强对高龄和肥胖等高发人群的护理能有效减低褥疮的总休发住率。［关键词］褥疮;护理;影响因素;非条件Logistic回归Analysisofinfluencingfactorsofpressureulcersandnursing

3、strategiesZhangHuiChengMingRenJun-caoJingYing-ying*YangpuHospitalofTongjiUniversity,Shanghai200090,China[Abstract]ObjectiveToanalyzethekeyprevalencefactorsofpressureulcerstoimprovenursingefficiencyandreducetheincidenceofpressureulcers・MethodsThesimple

4、andmultipleunconditionallogisticregressionwereappliedtoanalyzerelateddataofpopulationathighriskofpressureulcers.ResultsTheresultsofsimplelogisticregressionnanlysisshowedthattheeffectsofsixfactorstopressureulcersweresignificant(allPvaluewerelessthan0.0

5、5)includingage,BMI,bedresttime,Bradenscores,accompanyingpersonsofawarenessdegreeofbedsoreknowledgesandrehabilitationtraining.AmongofthefactorsabovejowBradenscoreswasofhighrisk(OR=9.10);seniIity,fatnessandbedresttimewerealsoriskfactors(ORvalueswere0.44

6、,0.38and0.02,respectively).Onthecontrary,accompanyingpersonsofawarenessdegreeofbedsoreknowledgesandrehabilitationtrainingweretwoprotectionfactors(ORvalueswere0.13and0」4,respectively).Multivariateanalysissuggestedthatfourfactorsincludingage,BMI,Bradens

7、coresandrehabilitationtrainingweredeterminedtobethemaininfluencingfactorsofpressureulcers.ConclusionsTheBradenscoresandrehabilitationtrainingwerethemaininfluencingfactors.Theoverallincidenceofpressureulcersshouldbereducedbynursingbetterforelderly作者单位：

8、上海市杨浦区中心医院200090作者简介：张蕙，女，护师，木科，主要从事老年病患护理。通讯作者：景颖颖，女，主管护师，大专，从爭慢性病护理及管理。andfatpatients・[Keywords]Pressureulcers;Nursing;Influencingfactors;Unconditionallogisticregression褥疮是临床上危重患者常见的护理并发症之一，好发于受压和缺乏脂肪组织保护、无肌肉包裹或肌层较薄的骨降突及受压部位巴故现称Z为压疮。据美国国家褥疮咨