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1、WelcometoGeneralModernLinguistics----AnIntroductionHuMin胡敏CourseDescriptionAnelectivecourseofferedtoEnglishmajors.Itisintendedtodevelopthestudents’analyticalabilityinexaminingvariouslinguisticphenomena,andinvestigatingrulesgoverninglanguagestructuresandhumanlinguisticbeha
2、vioursthroughabriefbutsystematicintroductiontogeneralmodernlinguistics.2TheGoalsforthisCourseTogetascientificviewonlanguage;Tounderstandsomebasictheoriesonlinguistics;Tounderstandtheapplicationsofthelinguistictheories,especiallyinthefieldsoflanguageteaching&learning(SLAor
3、TEFL),andincross-culturalcommunication;Toprepareforthefutureresearchwork.3Why“General”?GeneralPhysicsDynamicsThermology/thermoticsAcousticsPhotology/Photics/OpticsElectricityElectronicsMagnetics…4Why“Modern”?First,linguisticsisdescriptivewhiletraditionalgrammarisprescript
4、ive.Alinguistisinterestedinwhatissaid,notinwhathethinksoughttobesaid.Hedescribeslanguageinallitsaspects,butdoesnotprescriberulesof"correctness".Hedoesnotbelievethatthereissomeabsolutestandardofcorrectnessconcerninglanguageusewhichlinguistsorschoolteachersshouldviewastheir
5、dutytomaintain.Instead,hewouldprefertobeanobserverandrecorderoffacts,butnotajudge.Hemightrecognizethatonetypeofspeechappearstobesociallymoreacceptablethanothersbecauseoftheinfluenceoffashion.Butthiswillnotmakehimthinkthatthesociallymoreacceptablevarietycanreplacealltheoth
6、ervarieties,ortheoldwordsarealwaysbetterthanthenewones,orviceversa.Hewillregardthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseastheresultofanaturalandcontinuousprocess,notsomethingtobefeared.5Second,modemlinguisticsregardsthespokenlanguageasprimary,notthewritten.Traditionalgrammarians
7、,ontheotherhand,tendedtoemphasize,maybeover-emphasize,theimportanceofthewrittenword,partlybecauseofitspermanence.Beforetheinventionofsoundrecording,itwasdifficultforpeopletodealwithutteranceswhichexistedonlyforseconds.Then,thetraditionalclassicaleducationwasalsopartlytobe
8、blamed.Peoplewereencouragedtoimitatethe"bestauthors"forlanguageusage.Manyoftherulesoftraditional
