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1、ROMANTICISMINPOLANDHeYiwen3091702048波兰国徽波兰国旗波兰，全称波兰共和国中欧国家，西面与德国接壤，南部与捷克和斯洛伐克为邻，东部与乌克兰和白俄罗斯相连，东北部和立陶宛及俄罗斯接壤，北面濒临波罗的海。波兰重要的地理位置以及地形导致历史上连年的战火纷争，几个世纪以来波兰的版图也一再更改，而近年波兰无论在欧盟还是在国际舞台的地位亦与日驱增。波兰是欧盟、北约、联合国、经济合作与发展组织和世贸组织的成员。足球是波兰最受欢迎的集体运动，但真正体现其实力的则是体操，艺术体操以及跳水项目。Representativeofmusic:弗雷德里克·肖邦Fred
2、ericChopin(1810-1849）briefintroductionofFredericChopinChopin,FrédéricFrançoisChopin,FrédéricFrançois(1810-1849),Polishcomposerandpianistoftheromanticschool,regardedbysomeasthegreatestofallcomposersofmusicforthepiano.BornFryderykChopininŻelazowaWola,nearWarsaw,ofaFrenchfatherandaPolishmother
3、,hepreferredtousetheFrenchnameFrédéric.Hebegantostudythepianoattheageoffour,andwhenhewaseightyearsoldheplayedataprivateconcertinWarsaw.LaterhestudiedharmonyandcounterpointattheWarsawConservatory.Chopinwasalsoprecociousasacomposer:Hisfirstpublishedcompositionisdated1817.Hegavehisfirstconcert
4、sasapianovirtuosoin1829inVienna,wherehelivedforthenexttwoyears.After1831,exceptforbriefabsences,ChopinlivedinParis,wherehebecamenotedasapianist,teacher,andcomposer.Heformedanintimaterelationshipin1837withFrenchwriterGeorgeSand.briefintroductionofFredericChopinIn1838Chopinbegantosufferfromtu
5、berculosisandSandnursedhiminMallorca,intheBalearicIslands,andinFranceuntilcontinueddifferencesbetweenthetworesultedinanestrangementin1847.Thereafterhismusicalactivitywaslimitedtogivingseveralconcertsin1848inFrance,Scotland,andEngland.HediedinParisoftuberculosis.NearlyallofChopin'scompositio
6、nsareforpiano.Althoughanexpatriate,hewasdeeplyloyaltohiswar-tornhomeland;hismazurkasreflecttherhythmsandmelodictraitsofPolishfolkmusic,andhispolonaisesaremarkedbyaheroicspirit.ItalianoperacomposerVincenzoBellinialsoinfluencedhismelodies.Hisballades,scherzos,andétudesexemplifyhislarge-scalew
7、orksforsolopiano.Hismusic,romanticandlyricalinnature,ischaracterizedbyexquisitemelodyofgreatoriginality,refined—oftenadventurous—harmony,subtlerhythm,andpoeticbeauty.Chopingreatlyinfluencedothercomposers,notablytheHungarianpianistandcomposerFranzLiszt,Ge
