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1、TheCBHtheorem: buildingquantummechanicsoninformation-theoreticpostulationsGuangPingHe(何广平)SunYat-senUniversity1.QuantumBitCommitment(QBC)Commitphase:Unveilphase:AliceBobAliceb=0,1xBob(evidence)xb2Binding:AlicecannotchangebaftertheCommitphase.Concealing:Bobcannotkno
2、wbbeforetheUnveilphase.secureUnconditionallysecure:Theprobabilityforsuccessfulcheatingcanbemadearbitrarilysmallbyincreasingthesecurityparametern.3Applications:oblivioustransfertwo-partysecurecomputationscointossingobliviousmutualidentificationQBCprotocols:BB84:C.H.
3、Bennett,G.Brassard,IEEE1984BCJL93:G.Brassard,C.Crepeau,R.Jozsa,D.Langlois,IEEE1993MLCno-gotheorem:D.Mayers,PRL78,3414(1997).H.-K.Lo,H.F.Chau,PRL78,3410(1997).D.Mayers,quant-ph/9603015.42.MLCno-gotheoremD.Mayers,PRL78,3414(1997).H.-K.Lo,H.F.Chau,PRL78,3410(1997).G.B
4、rassard,etal.,quant-ph/9806031,page5:ofunconditionallysecureQBCStrategy:5H.-K.Lo,H.F.Chau,PRL78,3410(1997).Proof:“Yao’smodel”H.K.LoandH.F.Chau,PhysicaD120,177(1998).??6!7?L.P.Hughston,R.Jozsa,andW.K.Wootters,Phys.Lett.A183,14(1993).8Keypoints:Noclassicalcommunicati
5、ons;Delayingthemeasurements.9G.P.He,quant-ph/0303107.PRA74,022332(2006).3.Ourprotocol10i)codingmethod:MLC:Ourprotocol:EntanglementCANNOTbecreatedLOCALLYii)State:MLC:Ourprotocol:Schmidtdecomposition[PLA183,14(1993).]bindingconcealing11Bob’sview:Alice’sview:R.Clifton
6、,J.BubandH.Halvorson,Found.Phys.33,1561(2003).J.A.Smolin,quant-ph/0310067.H.Halvorson,J.Bub,quant-ph/0311065.CryptographyQuantumMechanics?3No-Go:NosuperluminalsignalNobroadcastingNobitcommitmentKinematicindependenceNoncommutativityNonlocality?QKD4.TheCBHtheorem12No
7、-broadcasttheoremW.K.WoottersandW.H.Zurek,Nature299,802(1982).Quantumclone：Proof：LetTbeacloningmachine：13No-cloningtheoremNo-cloningtheoremQuantumsuperposition5.OurconclusionMLC:Ourprotocol:EntanglementCANNOTbecreatedLOCALLY14QuantumentanglementQuantumentanglementT
8、he3rdno-gotheorem(In)securityofQBCThankyou!15
