【归纳】定语从句归纳

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1、精品资料欢迎下载定语从句（theattributiveclause）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句；二．定语从句的结构及种类1.结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它2.种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词：who，whom,whose,that,which,as2.关系副词：when，where，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语；五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词；六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选wh

2、o；TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.ThisisourEnglishteacherwhomeverybodylikes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.Thisismydeskmatewhosefatherworksinafactory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.Westudyinaclassroomwhosew

3、indowsfacetothesouth.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.Thisisamachinethatcanwalk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that.另外，that可以省略；Ilikethepresent〔that〕myfathersentme.③当先行词是指人的名词，关系词也可选用that=whoTheboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismybrother.5.which当先行词是指物的名词时，关系词也可选用which，它在句中作主语或宾语，which=th

4、at6.以下情形下，关系词只能选用that①当先行词为不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything时IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou.②当先行词为不定代词all时Mr.Lidoesallthathecantodohisworkwell.③当先行词被all,some,any修饰时TheseareallthethingsthatIhavedonetoday.精品资料欢迎下载④当先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时Thisistheonlycomputerthatheoftenturnstoforhelp.⑤当先行

5、词被序数词，形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthecleaningroomthatyoucanseehere.⑥time作先行词，前面有序数词或last修饰时ThisisthelasttimethatI’llgiveyoupocketmoney.⑦尽管先行词指人，但关系词在句中作表语时；Heisnolongerthechildthatheusedtobe20yearsago⑧以who开头的特别疑问句，尽管先行词指人；Whoisthepersonthatissittingontheground.⑨当先行词包括人和物时；1.以下情形下，关系词只能选which①在非限制性定语从句中；This

6、ismyfavoritepen,whichIboughtyesterday.②先行词不是一个词，而是前面整个句子的概念时Theboyisverypolite,whichmakeshisparentshappy.③当先行词指物，用“介词+which”ThisisthepenwithwhichIoftenwrite.2.asAs引导定语从句时，有四种情形；As在句中作主语，宾语；①as单独引导定语从句；Asweallknow〔=Asisknowntousall〕,YaoMingisafamousbasketballplayer.②thesame⋯as⋯与⋯一样Ihavethesameid

7、eaasyou.③such⋯as⋯和⋯一样Don’treadsuchabookasyoucan’utnderstand.④as⋯as⋯和⋯一样Inthislibrary,youcanborrowasmanybooksasyoucan.3.where①当先行词是指地点的名词，而且关系副词在句中作状语时，选where，where=介词+whichThisistheclassroomwherewestudy.②尽管先行词是指地点的名词，但关系词在句中作主语，宾语