外商直接投资模式的解释：基于土耳其汽车产业的分析【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：UnderstandingpatternsofFDI:thecaseofTurkeyanditsautoindustry出处：EuropeanBusinessJournal,15(2),2003,pages61-69作者：M.JohnFosterIpekAlkan.Ipek原文：PatternsofFDIforTurkey:actualityandexpectationThestartingpointarguablyforanyaspirantdevelopingeconomyinitssearchforinward

2、foreigninvestment–FDIfromtheperspectiveoftheinvestors–isthegeneralupswinginaggregateglobalFDItrendsfromsourceeconomies,whichoccursforavarietyofwell-rehearsedreasons,seee.g.Porter(1990),Buckley(1992)andDunning(1993).Thesereasonsinclude:marketextension(perhapsbecausethehomemark

3、etisnearsaturation);accessingscarceprimaryproducts(primarilyoilandminerals);productionefficiencystrategiesbenefitingfromlocation-specificcostadvantagesinsinkeconomies;andmoreorlesscomplexmixturesoftheseandotherfactors.Fordevelopingeconomies,thequestiontheymayreasonablyaskis:‘

4、Canwegetashareofthisinflowofcapital?’Table1summarisesglobalpatternsofFDIinrecentyears.Itshowsa238%increaseinaggregateFDIovertheperiod1994to1999.Thiscompriseda338%increaseinFDIintodevelopedcountriesanda98%riseintheinflowstodevelopingeconomies.Inshort,whiletherehasbeensignifica

5、ntgrowthindevelopingeconomies,forthedevelopedeconomiesthegrowthhasbeenmuchmoredramatic.EvenChina,themuchvauntedstarofforeigninvestment,hasonlyperformed‘steadily’whenbenchmarkedagainstglobalaggregates.Thetableshows,usingVietnamasabenchmark,thatTurkeyhasnotdoneverywellinaggrega

6、tetermswhencomparedwithneweremergingeconomiesoverthepastdecade.ThissimpleaggregatepatternisfurtherelaboratedbyconsideringtheFDIpercapitafiguresshowninTable2.ThisclearlysuggeststhatTurkeyismissingoutinthatitspercapitaperformanceoverthedecadeshownhasbeenflatwhilethepicturehasbe

7、enoneofsharpgrowthwithintheotherdevelopingeconomies.ThecomparisonwithVietnamisverystark;Vietnamisacountrywhichhadtore-launchitseconomyfromaverylowbaseaftertheUSremoveditsblockonUScompanies’investment,institutedimmediatelyafteritswithdrawalfromtheVietnamWarin1975.Indeedtheflat

8、performanceofthe1990satatimeofaggregateglobalincreaseisevenmorenotab