2020版精校word解析---第3讲　构词法

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1、第3讲　构词法[全国卷考情分析]题型分类典题试做命题解读语法填空1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisestostrengthen(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit'salwaysenergetic(energy)．2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Atasteformeatisactually(act

2、ual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreasedpollution(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.1.给出形容词提示词，填写副词或名词；2．给出动词，填写名词或形容词；3．给出名词，填写形容词。考点一形容词加

3、ly变为副词的规律[先试做题组]单句语法填空1．Theboyranquickly(quick)toschool.2．“What'sthat？”Fathershoutedangrily(angry)．3．Thelittlegirlisextremely(extreme)eagertoknowtheresultoftheexam.4．Yourcompositionisbadly(bad)organized.Pleasedoyourwritingexercisemoreattentively(attend)nexttim

4、e.[再解读要点]1．一般情况加ly。如：real→really；careful→carefully；polite→11/11politely；quick→quickly2．“辅音字母＋y”结尾的，将y改为ily。如：angry→angrily；busy→busily；heavy→heavily3．以ble结尾的，将ble改为bly。如：probable→probably；possible→possibly4．个别单词，去掉e再加ly。如：true→truly5．以ic结尾的，加ally。如：basic→basic

5、ally；energetic→energetically[名师点津]　有的名词＋ly→形容词，如：friend→friendly；day→daily考点二动词/名词变形容词的常见后缀[先试做题组]单句语法填空1．Heisratherselfish(self)sothatnobodypreferstohaveatalkwithhim.2．Thegoodworkingconditioninthefactoryisattractive(attract)．3．Heisreliable(rely)soyoucandepend

6、onhim.4．Theyarenervous(nerve)abouttheirfirsttripabroad.5．Theflowerisharmful(harm)toourhealth.[再解读要点]后缀例词ableaccept→acceptable可接受的comfort→comfortable舒适的fashion→fashionable时髦的almusic→musical音乐的origin→original最初的person→personal个人的；私人的fuldoubt→doubtful怀疑的forget→fo

7、rgetful健忘的harm→harmful有害的ibleaccess→accessible容易取得的horror→horrible可怕的；恐怖的terror→terrible可怕的11/11iveeffect→effective有效的；生效的attract→attractive有吸引力的impress→impressive给人深刻印象的ouscontinue→continuous不断的；持续的anxiety→anxious忧虑的curiosity→curious好奇的sometire→tiresome令人厌倦的t

8、rouble→troublesome麻烦的ytaste→tasty美味的；可口的health→healthy健康的wealth→wealthy富裕的；丰富的erneast→eastern东方的；向东的ishchild→childish孩子气的fool→foolish愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish自私的icscience→scientific科学的ec