内科护理学课件英语考试资料dysrhythmias

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1、Dysrhythmia心律失常Propertiesofcardiactissue心脏组织的特性Automaticity自律性:abilitytoinitiateanimpulsespontaneouslyandcontinuously.Excitability兴奋性:abilitytobeelectricallystimulated.Contractility收缩性:abilitytorespondmechanicallytoanimpulse.Conductivity传导性:abilitytotransmita

2、nimpulsealongamembraneinanorderlymanner.Conductionsystem:abriefreview传导系统PwavebeginswiththefiringoftheSAnodeandrepresentsdepolarization去极化ofthefibersoftheatria心房,resultinginatrialcontraction心房收缩.TheQRScomplexrepresentsdepolarization去极化oftheventricles心室,result

3、inginventricularcontraction心室收缩.TheTwaverepresentsrepolarization复极oftheventricles心室,orthetimeatwhichtheventriclesreturntotheprestimulatedstate.Conductionsystem:abriefreviewIntervals波间隔betweenthesewavesreflectsthelengthsoftimeittakesfortheimpulsestotravelfromo

4、neareaofthehearttotheother.ThePRintervalrepresentstheperiodduringwhichtheimpulsespreadsthroughtheatria,AVnode房室结,bundleofHis希氏束,andPurkinje浦肯野纤维.TheQRSintervalrepresentsthetimeittakesfordepolarization去极化ofbothventricles.TheQTintervalrepresentsthetimeittakesfo

5、rcompletedepolarization除极andrepolarization复极oftheventricles.DysrhythmiaDysrhythmiaisanabnormalcardiacrhythmintermsofthefrequencyoftheimpulse频率,rhythm节律,originsite起源部位,conductionvelocity传导速度andexcitementorder激动次序.ClassificationofDysrhythmia心律失常的分类Abnormalimpul

6、seformation冲动形成异常sinusdysrhythmia窦性心律失常sinustachycardia窦性心动过速sinusbradycardia窦性心动过缓窦性心律不齐sinusarrest窦性停搏ectopicrhythm异位心律Passiveectopicrhythm被动性异位心律Escaped逸博Escapedrhythm逸博心律Activeectopicrhythm主动性异位心律期前收缩PrematureContractionParoxysmaltachycardia阵发性心动过速atrialf

7、lutter房扑，atrialfibrillation房颤ventricularflutter室扑，ventricularfibrillation室颤Abnormalimpulsecomduction冲动传导异常Physiological:生理性：interferenceandseparationofAV干扰和房室分离pathological病理性：blockofSA窦房传导阻滞blockofatrialpathway房内传导阻滞blockofatrioventricularpathway房室传导阻滞Blocko

8、fbundlebranch束支或分支阻滞或室内阻滞房室间传导途径异常：WPW预激综合征Sinustachycardia窦性心动过速Clinicalassociation:Itassociatedwithphysiologicalstressorssuchasexercise,fever,pain,anxiety,hypotension,hypovolemia低血容量,an