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1、ThedifferencebetweenEnglishandChinesetranslationEnglishandChinesebelongtotwodifferentlanguagefamilies:English,theIndo-EuropeanfamilyandChinese,theSino-Tibetanfamily.Thetwolanguagesalsohavedifferentculturalbackgrounds.Translationisaninterlingualandintercultura
2、ltransferandmulti-dimensionalcontrastivestudiesofthetwolanguageandculturesarethereforeessential.Therefore,beforetranslation,weshouldpayattentiontotheculturalelements.AccordingtothedifferencebetweenEnglishandChinesetranslation,therearetenpairsoffeatureswhichwe
3、shouldtakeintoconsiderationwhenwetranslateEnglishtoChinese.1SyntheticandAnalytic(综合语和分析语)Asyntheticlanguageischaracterizedbyfrequentandsystematicuseofinflectedformstoexpressgrammaticalrelationships.Ananalyticlanguageismarkedbyarelativelyfrequentuseoffunctionw
4、ords,auxiliaryverbs,andchangesinwordordertoexpresssyntacticrelations,ratherthanofinflectedforms.ModernEnglishhasbecomeaanalyticlanguage,butChineseisatypicalanalyticlanguage.Inflection(变化词形),wordorder（安排词序）andtheuseoffunctionwords(运用虚词)areemployedasthethreegra
5、mmaticaldevicesinbuildingEnglishsentences.1.1Inflectionalvs.Non---inflectionalInEnglish,nouns,pronounsandverbsareinflected.Suchgrammaticalmeaningaspartsofspeech,gender,case,person,tense,aspect,voice,moodandnon--finiteverb,canbta,expressedbytheuseofinflectedfo
6、rmswithorwithoutthehelpoffunctionwordsandwordorder,whereasinChinesethisisgenerallynottrue:theabovegrammaticalmeaningsaremostlyimpliedincontextsorbetweenthelines,thoughoftenwiththehelpofwordorderandfunctionwords,e.gTheytoldmethatbytheendoftheyeartheywouldhaveb
7、eenworkingtogetherforthirtyyears.他们告诉我，到（那年）年底，他们在一起工作就有三十年了。1.2WordsOrder:Flexiblevs.InflexibleWordorderinEnglishisnotsorigidasinChinese.Morewaysofinversiongrammaticalorrhetorical,areoftenseeninEnglish.e.gInterrogativeinversion(疑问倒装)（1）Whatintheworlddoyoumea
8、n?你的意思究竟是什么啊？（2）Exclamatoryinversion(惊叹倒装)Whatabeautifulvoiceyouhave!你有多么好的嗓音啊！TheflexiblewordorderinEnglishismainlytheresultofthegrammaticalconcordofwordsinthesentencewhichisachievedbyin
