考研辅导长难句分析与翻译

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既要提高英语水平又能帮助通过考试A.不要一味做模拟试题B.根据自身情况合理安排C.维持正常学习坚持背诵：最有效的笨办法，但要聪明地学会聪明地使用笨办法背诵材料的选择既要注重语言（规范）也要注重内容（心智成熟）又要是切身的（不切身的知识永远是身外之物）坚持阅读：注意语块、句子结构（一定要超越单词层面）、锻炼思维（作者如何展开论证）适当阅读较难的文章：吃透每一个句子一、长难句分析造成阅读困难的原因1.词汇（包括词组、习惯表达、一词多义等）2.句子结构复杂或句型特殊3.缺乏相关背景知识4.本身理解能力（自身心智不足、思想能力低下、阅历缺乏等）其中1、2是语言因素，3、4则为非语言因素。长难句的理解英语句子结构特点——节外生枝树形结构tree-likelanguage汉语句子结构——按事物世纪发生顺序（时间顺序、逻辑顺序等）自左至右线性铺陈，竹形结构bamboo-likelanguage英语句子以谓语动词为中心，以主谓（宾）结构为主干，再借助关系代词、从属连词、非限定形式等进行空间搭架，且句尾开放。这种环环相扣、层层叠加的构句方式常会使英语句子修饰关系复杂、并列成分繁多。另外，句子末端重量的要求以及插入语的频繁使用又会造成句子内部各成分之间搭配关系、修饰关系得表层分隔。这些因素再加上为避免重复而采用的指代、替代与省略以及倒装等语法手段均会给阅读者带来相当大的阅读理解困难。所以，对长、难句要仔细分析句子基本结构，理清句子内部各部分之间的关系。 扩展机制：Thegnatbitthecat.Thegnatbitthecatwhichscratchedtheelephant.Thegnatbitthecatwhichscratchedtheelephantwhichcollapsed.（虫咬了猫。猫抓了象。象倒下了。）Thisisthecat.Thisisthecatthatkilledtherat.Thisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethemalt.Thisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethemaltthatlayinthehouse.ThisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethemaltthatlayinthehousethatJackbuilt.ThisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethemaltthatlayinthehousethatwasbuiltbyJackwhoisthesonofmyfather’sfriendwhoisnowworkinginthecompanyforwhichIhavebeenworkingforafewyears.有条理。干得有条理。一切干得有条理。他把一切干得有条理。没想到他把一切干得有条理。她没想到他把一切干得有条理。她说她没想到他把一切干得有条理。将一句句长句、难句掰扯得明明白白，你的英语水平不想提高也难。句子结构分析：1.Itisthatuniqueself-definitionwhichhasgivenusanexceptionalappeal-------butithasimposedonusaspecialobligation,totakeonthosemoraldutieswhich,whenassumed,seeminvariablyIourownbestinterest.(美国前总统卡特1977年就职演说)正是这种独特的自我定义使我们具有特别的吸引力，但是这也使我们必须承担特别的义务，即承担那种一旦承担以后看来总是符合我们自己的最大利益的道德责任。2.Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsociety,fromthegovernmentofficialtotheordinarycitizens,ofthespecialmethodsofthoughandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.第二方面是使用科学家们在工作中所运用的特殊的思想方法和行动方法。社会所有成员，从政府官员到普通老百姓，都要使用这些方法。3.InEnglandthecourtisempoweredtoorderanyonewhoisconvictedofanoffensethatcouldbepunishedwithimprisonmenttoperformupto240hoursofunpaidworkforthecommunity,usuallyoveraperiodofnotmorethan12months.4.Thepresidentsaidatapressconferencedominatedbyquestionsonyesterday’selectionresultsthathecouldnotexplainwhytheRepublicanshadsufferedsuchawidespreaddefeat,whichintheendwoulddeprivetheRepublicanPartyoflog-heldsuperiorityintheHouse.5.Perhapsselectionforthecaringprofessions,especiallymedicine,couldbemadelessbygoodgradesinchemistryandmorebysuchconsiderationsassensitivityandsympathy.6.Vocabularystudythroughwordlistsanddictionaries,aspracticedinschool,posesnewproblems,primarilybecauseofthemechanicsofdictionarystudyasopposedtointeractionwithresponsive adults.7.Anewlyissuedreportrevealsinfactsandfigureswhatshouldhavebeenknowninprinciple,thatquitealotofbusinesscompaniesaregoingtogobankruptduringthecomingdecade,astariffwallsareprogressivelydismantled.8.Somecountriesallowcourtstodisqualifyfromdrivingthoseoffenderswhohaveusedmotorvehiclesincommissionofthecrimeforwhichtheyarebeingsentenced,withtheaimofhinderingtheoffendersfromcommittingfurthersuchoffenses.9.Sofarasisknown,alltradition-boundpeoplessolvetheireconomicproblemstodaymuchastheydid10,000yearsorperhaps10,000centuriesago----adaptingbymigrationormovementtochangesIseasonorclimate,sustainingthemselvesbyhuntingandgatheringorbyslash-and-burnagriculture,anddistributingtheiroutputbyreferencetowell-definedsocialclaims.10.Ifyouthinkasmuchofothersasofyourself,youwillnotmakeanyofthesesmistakes.11.Forthisreasonalsothewriter,likeanyotherartists,hasnorestingplace,nocrowdormovementinwhichhemaytakecomfort,nojudgmentfromoutsidewhichcanreplacethejudgmentfromwithin.Forthisreasonalsolikeanyotherartists,thewriter,hasnorestingplace,nocrowdormovement,nojudgmentfromoutsideinwhichhemaytakecomfortwhichcanreplacethejudgmentfromwithin由于这个原因，如同任何艺术家一样，作家没有地方可以安妥自己的灵魂，没有人群、没有活动，他可从中找到安慰，也没有外界的评判可以取代他自己内心的评判。12.ImerelydesiredtopointouttheprincipalreasonwhichIbelieveexistsforthegreaterexaggerationwhichisoccasionallytobeobservedintheestimateoftheimportanceofthecontradictionbetweencurrentReligionandcurrentScienceputforwardbythinkersofreputation.(is)putforwardImerelydesiredtobywhichthinkerscurrentSciencepointouttheprincipalreasonandofreputationcurrentReligionwhichbetweenthecontra-diction(Ibelieve)existsoffortheimportancethegreaterexaggera-tion oftheestimateinwhichisoccasionallytobeobserved我的意思哪，是有些出名的思想家把当今的宗教和当今的科学之间的矛盾说得太夸张了，其实不然。（*我仅仅想要指出，有名气的思想家想出的理论所说的当今宗教和当今科学之间的矛盾的重要性的估计里偶尔被人看出的我相信存在着的较大的夸张的主要理由而已。）（*出名的思想家把当今宗教和当今科学之间的矛盾，偶尔估计过高，我仅仅想指出他们这种看法的主要理由是什么而已。）13.WhenIwalkedintotheChief’soffice,Isawfromthelookonhisfacethathewasnotgoingtogivemegoodnews.14.Moneyactsasastoreofwealth.Itisdifficulttoimaginesavingunderabarter（物物交换）system.Nooneengagedononlyonestageinthemanufactureofaproductcouldsavepartofhisoutput,sincehewouldbeproducingnothingcomplete.15.Anykindofcamerawilldothathasashutterthatcanbemadetoremainopenforatimeexposure.16.Hewhoispleasedwithnobodyismuchmoreunhappythanhewithwhomnobodyispleased.17.Thetheoryisofgreatimportancethatthehotterabodyis,themoreenergyitradiates.18.Howmanyofus,attending,say,alecturethatdoesn’tinterestus,cankeepourmindsfromwondering?19.Thereisnowayinwhich,ifthesocietyofwhichweareapartbeginstogotopieces,wecanhelpgoingtopiecesourselves.20.Thepumaleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.21.Specialization,whichisvitaltoanadvancedeconomy,isencouraged,becausepeoplewhoseoutputisnotacompleteproductbutonlyapartofoneinwhichmanyothersareinvolvedcanbepaidanamountequivalenttotheirshareoftheproduct.22.Electronicshasmadepossibleanewkindofhighereducationandresearch.23.AmongthedriveswhichtheytookwasonetoRussellSquaretothehouseoftheSedleys,formanynoteshadpassed,asmaybeimagined,betweenthetwodearfriends,sinceBeckycametotown.24.Idealistshaveobjectedtothepracticeofcamping,astothepackagedtour,thatthetravelerabroadtherebydenieshimselftheopportunityofgettingtoknowthepeopleofthecountryvisited.25.ItwasatthispointthatnewsarrivedwhichwasspreadamongthemanycreditorsofthecolonelinParis,andcausedthemgreatsatisfaction.26.Manysweetlittleappeals,halftender,halfjoking,didMissSharpmaketoJosaboutthedishesatdinner,forshewasnowveryfriendlywithallthefamily.27.Itseemsasifsomehiddenmechanismhasenabledamanofgeniussmoothlyandeasily,andallunknowntohimself,toarriveatdefiniteconclusionsbeneaththethresholdofconsciousness.28.Thebestthingthatcouldhappeninthenextgeneration,thethingthatwouldmakemostpeoplehappy,individuallyandcollectively,wouldbeareturntothisfaiththatallmen,nomatterwhotheyareorhowmuchtheyknow,cantelloneanothersomething. 29.Despitetheidea,whichhasgrownlikeacanceramongus,thatscientistsandhumanistscannotconverse,Ibelievethatiftheyeverhonestlytrytotalktogether,theywillhavenorealdifficultyandwilldiscoverthattheysharemanyproblemswhichcanbetotheirmutualbenefit.30.Usuallythatwhichamancallsfateisawebofhisownweaving,fromthreadsofhisownspinning.31.Imaginetheeffectonareasonablyadvancedtechnologicalsociety,onethatstilldoesnotpossessthebomb,ofmakingitawareofthepossibility,ofsupplyingsufficientdetailstoenablethethingtobeconstructed.32.Hementallyvisualizesacomplexformfromallrounditself;heknowswhilehelooksatonesidewhattheothersideislike.33.Amanwithoutaneducation,manyofusbelieve,isanunfortunatevictimofadversecircumstancesdeprivedofoneofthegreatesttwentieth-centuryopportunities.34.Changecomesheartbreakinglyslowlyafterendlessdebate.Butthosechangeswhichfinallybecomethelawofthelanddosoeventuallywiththework,thethought,andtheconsentofanationwidemajority.35.Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence;butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.36.TheVictorians,realizingthatthegreatesthappinessaccorded（给予）tomanisthatprovidedbyahappymarriage,endeavoredtopretendthatalltheirmarriageswerehappy.We,forourpart,admittingthefactthatnofeat（技艺）ofintelligenceandcharacterissoexacting（严格的）asthatrequiredoftwopeoplewhodesiretolivepermanentlytogetheronthebasisofamity（友善）areobsessedby（被困扰）theproblemofhowtorender（使得）thebasicfactsofcohabitation（同居）simplerandmorereasonable,inorderthatunhappymarriagesmaylessfrequentlyresult.TheVictorianswouldhaveconsideredit“painful”or“unpleasant”wereonetopointoutthatonlyfourmarriagesoutofeverytenareanythingbutforcedservitudes（奴役）.Weourselvesstartfromthisveryassumptionandtrytobuildfromitatheoryofmoresensiblerelationsbetweenthesexes.Ofallformsofarrant（彻头彻尾的）untruthfulnessVictorianoptimismappearstometohavebeenthemostcowardlyandthemostdamaging.37.Whatpeoplefearwhentheyengageinthestruggleforlifeisnotthattheywillfailtogettheirbreakfastnextmorning,butthattheywillfailtooutshine(胜过)theirneighbor.38.Themanwhoisbornwithatalentwhichhehasmeanttousefindshisgreatesthappinessinusingit.39.Rememberwhenlife’spathissteeptokeepyourmindeven.49.Apracticalresultofbecomingfreetouseone’smindisthatonetendsthentofindtheworldintelligibleinmany,ifnotall,ofitspart.41.Whenonehashadtoworkhardtogetmoney,whyshouldheimposeonhimselfthefurtherhardshipoftryingtosaveit?42．Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargue,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresentdaynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlytoitsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless”.43.Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturersandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.44.ThepursuitofprivateinterestswithaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernmentwasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogressratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.45.TheeventmarkedtheendofanextendedeffortbyWilliamBartonRogers,M.I.T.’sfounderandfirstpresident,tocreateanewkindofeducationalinstitutionrelevanttothetimesandtothecountry’sneed, whereyoungmenandwomenwouldbeeducatedintheapplicationaswellastheacquisitionofknowledge.46.Thusinadditiontothechancesofgoingawayfromtherightpathoutlinedabove,thescientificinvestigatorsshareswiththeordinarycitizenthepossibilitiesoffallingintoerrorsofreasoninginthewayswehavejustindicated,andmanyothersaswell.47.Oneneedonlyaskfirst-yearuniversitystudentswhatmusictheylistento,howmuchofitandwhatitmeanstothem,inordertodiscoverthatthephenomenonisuniversalinAmerica,whichbeginsinadolescenceorabitbeforeandcontinuesthroughthecollegeyears.48.Mr.PresidentandGentlemen,Igreetyouonthere-commencementofourliteraryyear.Ouranniversaryisoneofhope,and,perhaps,notenoughoflabor.Wedonotmeetforgamesofstrengthorskill,fortherecitationofhistories,tragedies,andodes（颂诗，颂歌）,liketheancientGreeks;forparliaments(集会)ofloveandpoesy（诗歌）,liketheTroubadours（中世纪浪漫诗人）;norfortheadvancementofscience,likeourcotemporariesintheBritishandEuropeancapitals.Thusfar,ourholidayhasbeensimplyafriendlysignofthesurvivaloftheloveoflettersamongstapeopletoobusytogivetolettersanymore.Assuch,itispreciousasthesignofanindestructibleinstinct.Perhapsthetimeisalreadycome,whenitoughttobe,andwillbe,somethingelse;whenthesluggard（懒惰的）intellectofthiscontinentwilllookfromunderitsironlids（眼睑=eyelids）,andfillthepostponedexpectationoftheworldwithsomethingbetterthantheexertions(行使，发挥)ofmechanicalskill.Ourdayofdependence,ourlongapprenticeshiptothelearningofotherlands,drawstoaclose.Themillions,thataroundusarerushingintolife,cannotalwaysbefedonthesere（干枯的，枯萎的）remainsofforeignharvests.Events,actionsarise,thatmustbesung,thatwillsingthemselves.Whocandoubt,thatpoetrywillreviveandleadinanewage,asthestarintheconstellation（星系）Harp,whichnowflamesinourzenith（天顶）,astronomersannounce,shallonedaybethepole-star（北极星）forathousandyears?(“TheAmericanScholar”AnOrationdeliveredbyKalphWaldoEmerson(1803-1812)beforethePhiBetaKappaSociety,atCambridge,August31,1837------1837年8月31日在麻省剑桥城美国大学生联谊会PhiBetaKappaSociety发表的演说，被称为美国知识界的“独立宣言”）（美国伟大的思想家，演说家、诗人，散文家，美国超验主义的旗手，“美国民族精神之父”“美国精神的先知”，“美国的孔子”）会长，诸位：我们今年的文艺工作又开始了，我向你们致敬。这是一个满有希望的周年纪念日，但有待努力的地方也许仍然很多。我们聚集在一起，并非为了较力或较技，也不是来朗诵历史、悲剧和诗赋，像古代的希腊人一样；也不是为了恋爱与诗歌而集会，像中世纪的浪漫诗人一样；也不是为了科学的进展，像英国与欧洲各国都会的现代人一样。到现在为止，我们这个假日只是一种友善的表示，说明我们这个民族虽然过分忙碌，没有余闲欣赏文学，对于文艺的爱好依然存在。就连这样，这一天也是宝贵的，因为它表示文艺的爱好是一种无法毁灭的本能。但是它应当更进一步-----也许现在已经到了时候了；美洲懒散的智力将要由它的铁眼睑下面望开去，使这世界对于它久未兑现的期望得到满足，比机械技巧方面的成就得到更好的东西。我们依赖别人的日子，对于其他国土的学识悠长的学习时期，将近结束了。我们四周有亿万青年正向人生里面冲进来，不能永远用异邦残剩的干枯的谷粮来喂他们。某些事件，行动发生了，这些事件，行动是必须被讴歌的，它们本身讴歌自己。谁会怀疑诗歌将要复兴，导入一个新时代；就像天琴星座中，现在在天顶上发光的那一颗星，天文学家宣布说，它有一天将要成为海行者标志的北极星，达一千年之久。--------张爱玲译尊敬的会长先生，女士们，先生们： 我谨向你们恭贺一个新的文学年的开始。我们的周年活动反映着我们对未来的希望，尽管我们还有很多工作要做。我们的庆祝不像希腊人的运动会，为了比赛力气和运动技巧，或者是为了朗诵史诗、悲剧和合唱；也不像中世纪的浪漫诗人，大声吟唱情诗；也不像眼下英国或欧洲的同时代人，为了促进科学的进步，召开各种各样的峰会。到现在为止，我们的活动只是一种象征，表明我们的人民虽然工作繁忙，无暇顾及文学创作，但在心中仍然保留着对文学的热爱。正因为如此，这样的庆祝活动是值得我们倍加珍惜的，它说明热爱文学是一种无法消灭的本能。我们这块大陆将要睁开它的睡眼，运用它那懒散的智慧，来满足世人对它多年的期望。美国人除了机器、技术方面有所创见外，他们还会有更好的东西献给全世界。我们依赖别人的日子，做他国学徒的时代即将走到历史的尽头。在我们周围，千百万青年正投入到火热的生活，他们不能老是依赖国外文化营养的“残羹冷炙”过活。谁能够怀疑诗歌不会复兴，不会进入一个发展的新时代？就像天文学家发现的那颗在天琴中闪闪发亮的星星，谁能说它不会演变成一颗闪耀千年的恒星呢？----------金叶译二、翻译法将英文译成中文再由中文回译成英文，在翻译实践中悉心体会英汉的差异，在实践中发现英语的特点/规则，排除汉语的干扰。汉语：现实语言英语：现实语法语言不经过翻译法（不是教学翻译）的英语学习终究是肤浅的，只能学一点英语的皮毛，不可能登堂入室。）教材上的翻译练习（教学翻译）是为了某个语法点或语言点而设计（编造），不是真实语言材料，只看/只做这样的翻译，你会误以为（觉得）英汉句子在结构上没有什么差异。“在英语学习的中高级阶段，必须进行翻译练习。如果没有适量的翻译练习，英语总若浮萍，缺乏根基，难有精深的造诣，而且英汉互译最能体现英汉语言的差异。”1.那棵树花小，叶子大，很难看，我没买。(Thattreehassmallflowersbutlargeleaves.Soit’sarealugly,andIdidn’tbuyit.)那棵树thattree花小，叶子大，很难看，我没买。flowerssmallleaveslargereallyuglyIdidn’tbuy那棵树〔(花小，叶子大，)很难看，〕我没买。 2.CanyouansweraquestionwhichIwanttoaskandwhichispuzzlingme?我有一个问题弄不清，想请教你，你能回答吗？（*你能回答一个使我弄不懂而又想问你的问题吗？）3．IwashappytothinkChangdasaowascomfortablycaredforinheroldageasshewenttolivewithherdaughterMei-Lee,whomarriedapostalserviceemployee.张大嫂晚年跟女儿美丽一起生活。美丽嫁给了一个邮局职员，两人对张大嫂照顾的很好。想到这些，我心里无比的欣慰。4.Inthedoorwaylayatleasttwelveumbrellasofallsizesandcolors.门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有十二把，五颜六色，大小不一。5.Thethoughtofreturningfilledhimwithfear.他一想到要返回去，心里就害怕。6.Mygoodfortunehassentyoutomeandseparationfromeachotherwillneverreachus.我很幸运，能够得到你，让我们彼此永不分离。7.Hisfailuretoobservethesafetyregulationsresultedinanaccidenttothemachinery.因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。8.Thelimitedgaincouldhardlyserveasajustificationforthetremendouscostthefederalgovernmenthadpaidsofar.联邦政府已为此耗资颇巨了，但所得有限，这实在难于使人心安理9.IamwhereIamdifferentfromothers.我之为我就在于异乎他人。10．Icalledupthemanwhowrotethebookthatyoutoldmeabout.我打电话给写那本你给我说起过的书的那个人。你曾经和我谈起的那本书，我打电话给那个作者了。那个人，你向我谈起过他写的（那本）书，我给他打电话了。你向我谈起过的那本书，它的作者我给他打电话了。你向我谈起过的那本书，它的作者我给他打过电话了。我打电话给那个人，他写了本书，你给我说起过。11.他5岁生了一场病，变成了聋子。Hebecamedeafafteranattackofillnessat5.12.我访问过一些地方，遇到不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着哩。*Ivisitedsomeplacesandmetmanypeople.(IfIam)askedtotellaboutthem,therearemanywonderfulstories.TherearemanywonderfulstoriestotellabouttheplacesIvisitedandthepeopleImet.13.我原来打算2005年10月1日来北京旅游，后来不得不推迟，这使我非常失望。ItwasakeendisappointmentwhenIhadtopostponethevisitwhichIhadintendedtopaytoBeijingonOct.1,2005.14.这一带我不熟悉，天黑以后继续进行调查，取得结果的希望不大。Therewaslittlehopeofcontinuingmyinquiriesafterdarktoanyusefulpurposeinaneighborhoodthatwasstrangetome.15.他原来在南方参加一项建筑工程，任务完成后上格鲁吉亚去度假，享受高加索的阳光，头一天才坐飞机回来。*IntheSouthhehadbeenengagedinaconstructionjob.AfterhecompletedtheworkhewenttospendhisvacationinGeorgia.TherehebaskedinCaucasiasun.Andhehadflowninjustthedaybefore.HehadflowninjustthedaybeforefromGeorgiawherehehadspenthisvacationbaskinginCaucasiasunafterthecompletionoftheconstructionjobinwhichhehadbeen engagedintheSouth.16.Itisacuriousfact,ofwhichIcanthinkofnosatisfactoryexplanation,thatenthusiasmforcountrylifeandloveofnaturalsceneryarestrongestandmostwidelydiffusedpreciselyinthoseEuropeancountrieswhichhavetheworstclimateandwherethesearchforthepicturesqueinvolvesthegreatestdiscomfort.这是件我不能想出解释的事，就是正好那些天气最坏和寻找风景如画的地方最带有困难的欧洲国家是对乡村生活具有的热情和对自然景色具有的爱心最强烈和最普遍的。欧洲有些国家，天气坏透，那里的人要辛苦一番，才能找到景色如画的地方。奇怪，他们恰好最喜欢过乡村生活，也最欣赏天然风景，而且这个情形也极普遍。这是实情，我怎么也提不出叫人满意的解释来。Europehassomecountries,climateisworst,peopletheremusthavegreatestdiscomfort,thencansearchforthepicturesque,curious,theypreciselyhavethegreatestenthusiasmforcountrylife,andloveofnaturalscenery,andthisismostwidelydiffused,thisisafact,butIcanneverthinkofanysatisfactoryexplanation.17.Amaniscalledselfishnotforpursuinghisowngood,butforneglectinghisneighbor’s.说一个人自私自利，并非因为他只图自己的利益，而是因为他不顾邻人的利益。18.Theisolationoftheruralworldbecauseofdistanceandthelackoftransportfacilitiesiscompoundedbythepaucityoftheinformationmedia.因为距离远，交通工具缺乏，是农村社会与外界隔绝，这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重。19.环境好，图书设备充足，有良师益友指导启发，当然有很大帮助，但是具备了这些条件，也不一定能保证一个人在学问上就有成就。（*Theenvironmentisgood,andthebooksandequipmentaresufficient.Therearealsoscholarlymentorsandbeneficialfriendstoguideandinspireyou.Thesearecertainlyofgreathelp.Butevenifyouhaveallthesefavorableconditions,youcannotbesuretosucceedinlearning.）Youcannotbesuretosucceedinlearningevenifyouhavegotallthefavorableconditionssuchasgoodenvironment,sufficientbooksandequipment,aswellasinstructionsandenlightenmentsfromscholarlymentorsandbeneficialfriends,whichareofgreathelp,though.120.我们的国家大，人口众多，经济落后，农业要搞上去，最重要的还是要依靠一系列正确的政策调动农民的积极性，自力更生，艰苦奋斗。（*Ourcountryisbigandhasalargepopulation.Oureconomyisbackward.Ifwewanttodevelopouragriculture,whatisthemostimportantis,bymeansofaseriesofcorrectpolicies,tomobilizetheinitiativeofthefarmersandmakethemself-reliantandhardworking.）Agricultureadvanceinsovastacountry,withsuchalargepopulationandbackwardeconomyasinChina,requiresaboveallelsemobilizing,bymeansofaseriesofcorrectpolicies,theinitiativeofthefarmerstoworkhardandself-reliantly.21.Thechiefknowledgethatamangetsfromreadingbooksistheknowledgethatveryfewofthemareworthreading.读书使人认识到，很少的书是值得一读的。22.我买了7本书，（这7本书），一共70元钱，(我）拿回家一看，都（是）半新半旧了。 Iboughtsevenbookswhichcostmeseventyyuan.WhenItookthembackhome,Ifoundtheyjustsecondhand.23.Computersmakeiteasiertodoalotofthings,butmostofthethingstheymakeiteasiertododon’tneedtobedone.计算机使许多事做起来更容易，但是计算机做起来更容易的大多数事情并没有必要去做。24.广大文艺工作者要深入群众，深入生活，汲取营养，丰富自己。*Writersandartistsshouldimmersethemselvesamongthemasses,plungeintothethickoflife,getnutritionandenrichthemselves.Writersandartistsshouldgetnutrition,andenrichthemselvesbyimmersingthemselvesamongthemasses,andbyplungingintothethickoflife.25.Hewhothinksthathecangovernbyforcealoneisgreatlymistaken:mencanbestbegovernedbyloveandjustice.如果有人认为仅靠武力就可统治，那么他就大错特错了。统治人的最好手段是爱与公正。26.Heisnotwithoutrealcouragewhodarestotellthetruthevenathisownexpense.如果一个人能够不惜牺牲自己的利益而讲出真话，那么他就是个真正有勇气的人。27.AbrahamLincolnisthemostfamousinstanceoftheclaimthatAmericansoftenmadethatintheircountryamanmayrisefromthelowesttothehighestposition.美国人经常声称，在他们国家一个人可以从最底层爬到最高层，林肯就是最著名的例子。28.“人间仙境”桃花源，位于湖南省常德市西南40公里处，南依武陵，中贯国道，北临沅水，要居湖南省诸风景名胜区之枢纽，系湖南省十大风景名胜区之一。*ThelandofPeachBloosoms,whichissituatedabout40kmtothesoutheastofChangdeCity,HunanProvince,hastheWulingMountainstoweringoveratitssouthandtheYuanRiverflowingbyatitsnorth.Thethoroughfarerunsthroughtheland.ItisapivotofthescenicspotsandtheoneofthefamoustenregionsofsceneryinHunanProvince.Taohuayuan(thelandofPeachBlossoms),locatedabout40kilometerstothesouthwestofChangdeCity,isamongthetenwell-knownscenicspotsinHunanProvince.Itisathoroughfaretotheothernineplaces,withMountWulingonthesouth,theYuanRiveronthenorth,andthenationalroadsthroughitsarea.29.Weatherpermitting,we’llgothereonfoot.天气允许，我们将步行去那里。30.NomanthinksmorehighlythanIdoofthepatriotism,aswellasabilities,oftheveryworthygentlemenwhohavejustaddressedthehouse.刚才几位可尊敬的先生向全体代表发了言。对于这几位先生的爱国精神及才干，我个人比任何人都更敬佩。31.Theassertionthatitwasdifficult,ifnotimpossible,forapeopletoenjoyitsbasicrightsunlessitwasabletodeterminefreelyitspoliticalstatusandtoensurefreelyitseconomic,socialandculturaldevelopmentwasnowscarcelycontested.如果一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位，不能只有地保证其经济、社会、文化的发展，要享受其基本权利，即使不是不可能，也是不容易的。这一论断，几乎是无可置疑的了。 32.IbelievethatIspeakforeverysincereandseriousrepresentativeintheUnitedNations----soIamencouragedtobelievebythespeechestowhichwehavealreadylistenedthismorning----whenIsaythattheanniversarymustbeanoccasionforanhonestassessmentofourfailuresinthepast,matchedbyanequallydeterminedwilltodobetterinthefuture,sothatwecanescapefromfrustrationandturntheanniversaryintoaninspirationandanachievement.这次周年纪念会应该是一个老老实实地评估我们过去的失误的时机，同时也应该是一个表达我们有同样决心要做好今后工作的时机。这样，我们就可免遭挫折，并可把这次周年纪念变成一种鼓舞和成就。当我将这番话的时，我相信----今天上午我们听到的发言也使我相信----我是代表联合国每一位真诚和严肃的代表讲话的。33.Itisflatteringtobelievethattheyaretooprofoundtobeexpressedsoclearlythatallwhorunmayread,andverynaturallyitdoesnotoccurtosuchwritersthatthefaultiswiththeirownmindswhichhavenotthefacultyofprecisereflection.认为自己的思想深奥，不可能表达得很清楚，让任何人都能理解，这是一种虚荣的念头。这样的作家当然不会想到，问题还是出在自己脑子缺乏精确思考的能力。34.Itwaswhatsentimentalists,whodealineverybigwords,callayearningaftertheideal,andsimplymeansthatwomenarenotsatisfieduntiltheyhavehusbandsandchildrenonwhomtheymaycentreaffections,whicharespentelsewhere,asitwere,insmallchange.一般情感主义者喜欢用大字眼，称之为对于理想爱情的渴望。换言之，他们认为女人的情感平时只能零星发泄，必须有了丈夫和孩子，情感收拢起来有了归宿，自己才能得到满足。35.Thepresentonslaught（猛攻）ofvehiclesposesaseriousthreattourbanlifeandpedestrianpeaceofmind.当前，车辆横冲直撞，严重威胁着城市生活，路上行人无不提心吊胆。36.Itisbettertobehatedforwhatyouarethanlovedforwhatyouarenot.装模作样被人爱不如本本真真被人恨。37.Thereisnothingmoredisappointingtoahostesswhohasgonetoalotoftroubleorexpensethantohaveherguestsointerestedintalkingpoliticsorbusinesswithherhusbandthathefailstonoticetheflavorofthecoffee,thelightnessofthecake,ortheattractivenessofthehouse,whichmaybeherchiefinterestandpride.最令女主人失望的是，她花了许多心神或费用来招待客人，可是这位客人只顾津津有味地与她的丈夫谈政治、谈生意，却没有注意到香喷喷的咖啡，松软的糕点，或房间内讲究的陈设，而这些却可能是她感到兴趣并引以为自豪的主要所在。38.Thereisnomoredifference,butthereisjustthesamekindofdifference,betweenthementaloperationsofamanofscienceandthoseofanordinarypersonasthereisbetweentheoperationsandmethodsofabakerorofabutcherwhoweighsouthisgoodsincommonscalesandtheoperationsofachemistwhoperformsadifficultandcomplexanalysisbymeansofhisbalance（天平）andfinelygraduated（分刻度/等级的）weights. 科学家的思维活动和普通人的思维活动之间存在着差别。这种差别就跟一个面包师或者卖肉者和一个化验师在操作方法上的差别一样。前者用普通的秤称东西的重量，而后者则用天平和精密砝码进行艰难复杂的分析。39.Notinfrequentlyanunpopularprisoner,stonedbythemobwhilehelpless,wasfortunateifheemergedwithnogreaterpermanentinjurythanthelossofaneye.Evendeathfromwoundssoinflictedwasnotaltogetherunlikelyorunprecedented.当一个令人讨厌的囚犯无能为力时，受到暴民投来石块的砸打，结果只瞎了一只眼睛，不能不算运气。因为莫说致残，就是丧命，也不是完全不可能的，也不是完全没有先例的。40.Heneverreallysucceededinhisambitions.Hemighthavedone,onefelt,haditnotbeenfortherestlessnessofhisnature.他雄心勃勃，但从未如愿以偿。人们觉得，要不是他那贪得无厌的本性，他也许会有所作为。41.Fromwithintheupperstoreyyoucouldseeandhearthecolorsandnoisesofthebusycity.从我家的顶楼，看得到闹市的五光十色，听得见闹市的千响百声。42.Irecallathrivingcitycrammedwithhumanity,andbustlingwithactivitiesofallsorts:funeralandweddingprocessions,businesstransactions,thrivingshops,streetsellersshoutingtheirwares----eggs,vegetables,rice,flours,plants----peoplelaughingandchatteringandchildrenhappilyrunningaround.我记忆中的济南是一个生气勃勃的城市，人烟稠密，百业兴旺：吹吹打打办红白喜事的，做生意的，繁忙的铺户，小贩们沿街叫卖，卖鸡蛋的，卖青菜的，买米的，买面的，卖花儿的，大人们说说笑笑，孩子们到处欢跑。43.Tobeeducatedistobechangedintellectually,mentallyandspiritually.接受教育就是要在智力、思想、精神方面有所改变。44.Changdasaoimpressedmewithinnatedignityandimmaculatepresentation.Herglossy,blackhairwassweptbackintoatidybun（发髻）.HerpatiencewasinexhaustibleandIhavenorecollectionofaharshorhastywordfromher.提起张大嫂，让我难忘的是她内在的尊严、外观的纯洁。一头光亮的黑发拂到脑后，挽个整洁的原圆髻。她有无尽的耐心，我记不得她曾经说过一个字的硬话、急话。45.Iwaslastnightvisitedbyafriendofmine,whohasaninexhaustiblefund（储备）ofdiscourse,andneverfailstoentertainhiscompanywithavarietyofthoughtandhintsthatarealtogethernewanduncommon.昨夜有客来访。此公见闻颇多，谈锋甚健，出言命题，新奇绝伦，语藏机锋，总让同伴心旷神怡，耳目一新。46.Whatablessingitwouldbeifwecouldopenandshutourearsaseasilyaswedooureyes.要是人的耳朵也能像眼睛一样随心所欲地时开时闭，那我们就可谓三生有幸了。47.IfirstbegantowonderwhatIwasdoingonacollegecampusanywaywhenmyparentsdroveoff,leavingmestandingpitifullyinaparkinglot,wantingnothingmorethantofindmywaysafelytomydormroom.我父母驾车离开，将我一人留在了停车场，可怜巴巴地站着，只想能够早点安稳到达寝室。此时我才开始琢磨未来的大学生活我将怎样度过。48 .小国人民敢于起来斗争，敢于拿起武器，掌握自己国家的命运，就一定能够战胜大国的侵略。*Peopleofsmallcountriesdaretoriseinstruggle,daretotakeuparmsandgraspdestinyofowncountry.(They)aresuretodefeataggressionbybigcountry.Thepeopleofasmallcountrycancertainlydefeataggressionbyabigcountry,ifonlytheydaretoriseinstruggle,daretotakeuparmsandgraspintheirownhandsthedestinyoftheirowncountry.49.Everythingtakenintoconsideration,hisplanseemstobemoreworkable.考虑到所有因素，他的计划似乎更加可行。50.中国政府将继续坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，同世界各国建立和发展友好关系，反对霸权主义和强权政治，维护世界和平，推动社会发展，促进人类进步。*Chinesegovernmentwillunswervinglypurseindependentforeignpolicyofpeace,establishanddevelopfriendlyrelationswithothercountriesintheworld,opposehegemonismandpowerpolicies,safeguardworldpeace,promotesocialdevelopment,andadvanceprogressofmankind.TheChinesegovernmentwillunswervinglypursueitsindependentforeignpolicyofpeacebyestablishinganddevelopingfriendlyrelationswithothercountriesandopposinghegemonismandpowerpoliciessoastosafeguardworldpeaceandpromotesocialdevelopmentandtheprogressofmankind.51.国有企业改革是一项艰巨复杂的任务，必须解放思想，勇于探索，大胆实践，采取有力措施，争取几年努力，取得明显成效。*Reformofstateenterprisesisaverydifficultandcomplextask.(We)mustemancipateminds,bebraveinexplorationandboldinpractice,adoptstrongmeasures,andtrytomakeeffortsforseveralyearstoachievemarkedresults.Reformofstateenterprisesisaverydifficultandcomplextaskwhichdemandsemancipationofmindsandboldexplorationinboththeoryandpractice,strongmeasuresandsustainedeffortsforseveralyearstocomebeforemarkedresultscanbeachieved.52.Tellmewhatyoulike,andI’lltellyouwhatyouare.告诉我你喜欢什么，我就能告诉你你是什么样的人。53.Changecomesheartbreakinglyslowlyafterendlessdebate.经过无休无止的辩论后，终于发生变化，其速度之慢让人心碎。54.Shehasmadeseveralattemptstohelpthemfindotherrentalquarterswithoutsuccess.她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。55.Butanotherroundofwarintheregionclearlywouldputstrainsoninternationalrelations.但是，如果该地区再次发生战争，显然会使国际关系处于紧张状态。56.Heisamanwho(that)meanswhathesays.他是个说话算话的人。57.OnbehalfofallyourAmericanguests,IwishtothankyoufortheincomparablehospitalityforwhichtheChinesepeoplearejustlyfamousthroughouttheworld.我谨代表你们的所有美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。58．InthespiritoffranknesswhichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek,letus recognizeattheoutsetthesepoints:wehaveattimesinthepastbeenenemies.我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：过去一些时候我们曾是敌人。59.WhenIwasasyoungasyouarenow,toweringinconfidenceoftwenty-one,littledidIsuspectthatIshouldbeatforty-nine,whatInowam.我在你这个年纪的时候，二十出头，小荷尖尖，意气风发，哪里会想到49岁今天的我呢？60.二十岁的时候，有书店必逛，有书必买。三十岁之后，对书店视而不见，直接去了隔壁的美容院。Attheageoftwenty,thebookstorewasamustforme,andIwasabigbookbuyer.Whileafterthirty,payingnoattentiontothebookstore,Ibreezethebeautyparlornextdoor.61.Youmaybedeceivedifyoutrusttoomuch,butyouwillliveintormentifyoudonottrustenough.如果你过于相信任他人，你可能会上当受骗，但若你对他人没有足够的信任，你则会备受折磨。62.Therewassomethingbleakandunapproachableinhisface,andhewassostiffenedandgrizzledthatItookhimforanoldmanandwassurprisedtohearthathewasnotmorethanfifty-two.他的脸上有一种苍苍凉凉不可逼近的神气，并且他的躯体异常木强，头上是白发盈颠，我只当他已经很老了，后来听说他才不过五十二岁，很觉得诧异。63.IhadknownsomethingofNewEnglandvillagelifelongbeforeImademyhomeinthesamecountyasmyimaginaryStarkfield;though,duringtheyearsspentthere,certainofitsaspectsbecamemuchmorefamiliartome.我如今住在本书中我称之为斯塔克非尔的小镇，但是来到这里以前，我早就对新英格兰的乡村生活颇有所知；虽然在这里住了一些年之后，我对于这里的生活的某些方面更加熟悉。（在我定居在我在本书里称之为斯塔克非尔镇的那个地方以前，我早就对新英格兰的乡村生活颇有所知；虽然我住在那里一些年之后我对于那里的生活的某些方面更加熟悉得多。）64.Ihadthestory,bitbybit,fromvariouspeople,and,asgenerallyhappensinsuchcases,eachtimeitwasadifferentstory.这个故事我是东一点西一点从许多人那儿得来的，一如道听途说常有的事情，每次听到的都有点不同。65.Theystoodlookingateachasiftheeyesofeachwerestrainingtoabsorbandholdfasttheother’simage.Therewerethingshehadtosaytoherbeforetheyparted,buthecouldnotsaytheminthatplaceofsummermemories,andheturnedandfollowedherinsilencetothesleigh（马拉雪橇）.Astheydroveawaythesunsankbehindthehillandthepineboles(树干)turnedfromredtogrey.他们站在那儿你看着我我看着你，好像个人的眼睛都在努力把对方的面貌吸进去牢牢地关住。伊坦心里有好些话要在分手之前对玛提说，但是他不想在这个充满了夏天里的往事的地方说那些话，他转过身默默地跟在她背后走到车子那儿。他们的车子走开的时候，太阳已经落在山背后，松树的树皮从红色转成深灰。66.Somefishingboatswerebecalmedjustinfrontofus.Theirshadowsslept,oralmost slept,uponthewater,agentlequiveringaloneshowingthatitwasnotcompletesleep,orifsleep,thatitwassleepwithdreams.眼前不远处，渔舟三五，凝滞不前，樯影斜映在水上，仿佛睡去，偶尔微见颤动，似又未尝熟睡，恍若惊梦。67.Hismotherhadwhippedhimfordrinkingsomecreamwhichhehadnevertastedandknewnothingaboutit;itwasplainthatshewastiredofhimandwishedhimtogo;ifshefeltthatway,therewasnothingforhimtodobuttosuccumb.他妈妈怪他吃了奶油，还揍了他一顿，其实他根本没有吃，对奶油的事一无所知，她分明是在讨厌他，希望他走得远远的。既然她有那个念头，他也没有办法，只有认了。68.Ileavethebabywithmymothereveryday.我每天都把婴儿交给我母亲照料。69.Ileftamessageforyouwithyoursecretary.我给你留了一个信儿交给你秘书了。70.Onewhosellshisfreedomforgoldwillbereducedtothestatusofaslaveforever.如果一个人为了金钱而出卖自由，那么他将终身为奴。.71.我们享受公费医疗。Weenjoyfreemedicalcare.(w)Weareentitledtofreemedicalcare.73.Whatreallycountsisnotwhatyouknowbuthowmuchyoupracticewhatyoubelieveisright.真正重要的不是你知道什么，而是你对于自己相信正确的东西践行了多少。74.他不好好学习，整天谈恋爱。Hedoesnotstudywell.Hetalksloveallday.Hedoesnotworkhard,hespendsallhistimewithhisgirlfriend.Hedoesnotworkhard,forhespendsallhistimewithhisgirlfriend.75.Thereasonablemanadaptshimselftotheworld;theunreasonableonepersistsintryingtoadapttheworldtohimself.Therefore,allprogressdependsontheunreasonableman.理智的人改变自己适应世界，不理智的人坚持改变世界以适应自己，因此，一切进步都有赖于不理智的人。76.Tobegreatistobemisunderstood. 复习1.WhenIwrotethefollowingpages,orratherthebulkofthem,Ilivedalone,inthewoods,amilefromanyneighbor,inahousewhichIhadbuiltmyself,ontheshoreofWaldenPond,inConcord,Massachusetts,andearnedmylivingbythelaborofmyhandsonly. Ilivedtheretwoyearsandtwomonths.AtpresentIamasojourner（过客）incivilizedlifeagain.Ishouldnotobtrude（强加，侵扰）myaffairssomuchonthenoticeofmyreadersifveryparticularinquirieshadnotbeenmadebymytownsmenconcerningmymodeoflife,whichsomewouldcallimpertinent（不着边际、不切题、不恰当）,thoughtheydonotappeartomeatallimpertinent,but,consideringthecircumstances,verynaturalandpertinent.SomehaveaskedwhatIgottoeat;ifIdidnotfeellonesome;ifIwasnotafraid;andthelike.OthershavebeencurioustolearnwhatportionofmyincomeIdevotedtocharitablepurposes;andsome,whohavelargefamilies,howmanypoorchildrenImaintained.IwillthereforeaskthoseofmyreaderswhofeelnoparticularinterestinmetopardonmeifIundertaketoanswersomeofthesequestionsinthisbook.Inmostbooks,theI,orfirstperson,isomitted;inthisitwillberetained;that,inrespectto（就…而言）egotism（言必称自我，念念不忘自己）,isthemaindifference.Wecommonlydonotrememberthatitis,afterall,alwaysthefirstpersonthatisspeaking.IshouldnottalksomuchaboutmyselfiftherewereanybodyelsewhomIknewaswell.Unfortunately,Iamconfinedtothisthemebythenarrownessofmyexperience.Moreover,I,onmyside,requireofeverywriter,firstorlast,asimpleandsincereaccountofhisownlife,andnotmerelywhathehasheardofothermen'slives;somesuchaccountashewouldsendtohiskindred（亲属）fromadistantland;forifhehaslivedsincerely,itmusthavebeeninadistantlandtome.Perhapsthesepagesaremoreparticularlyaddressedtopoorstudents.Asfortherestofmyreaders,theywillacceptsuchportionsasapplytothem.Itrustthatnonewillstretchtheseams（线缝）inputtingonthecoat,foritmaydogoodservicetohimwhomitfits.2.Everylanguagehasitspeculiarities;theyareestablishedbyusage,andwhetherrightorwrong,theymustbecompliedwith.每种语言都有特点，这些特点是在习惯使用中形成的，不论正确与否，都得遵守。3.NomanthinksmorehighlythanIdoofthepatriotism,aswellasabilities,oftheveryworthygentlemenwhohavejustaddressedthehouse.4.Heneverreallysucceededinhisambitions.Hemighthavedone,onefelt,haditnotbeenfortherestlessnessofhisnature.5.Galileo，goingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwounequalstones,andprovedtosomefriends,whomhehadbroughttheretoseehisexperiment,thatAristotlewasinerror.6.Withatelescopeyoucanseeabodyaboutone-thirdaslargeindiameterastheearth revolvingaroundtheearth.7.Manysketchesareinexistenceofpeasantsseatedbytheroadsideandwomenworkinginthefield.8.Howthediscoverywasmadebyourancestorsthatseedscouldbesavedandplantedtoraiseanewcropcanonlybeguessedattoday.9.Rememberwhenlife’spathissteeptokeepyourmindeven.10.Shewasunabletogetacrosstohimwhatshereallythoughtandmeant.11.Shemadeclearherwhole-heartedsupporttothegiganticproject.12.Thetimehadcomeforthecoupletohaveaserioustalkandtobreakuptheirmarriage.13.Heisaslypersonwhogetsuptocraftytricksbehindyourbackandslenderyou.14.InEnglandthecourtisempoweredtoorderanyonewhoisconvictedofanoffensethatcouldbepunishedwithimprisonmenttoperformupto240hoursofunpaidworkforthecommunity,usuallyoveraperiodofnotmorethan12months.15.Thepresidentsaidatapressconferencedominatedbyquestionsonyesterday’selectionresultsthathecouldnotexplainwhytheRepublicanshadsufferedsuchawidespreaddefeat,whichintheendwoulddeprivetheRepublicanPartyoflog-heldsuperiorityintheHouse.16.Attheageoftwenty,thebookstorewasamustforme,andIwasabigbookbuyer.Whileafterthirty,payingnoattentiontothebookstore,Ibreezethebeautyparlornextdoor.二十岁的时候，有书店必逛，有书必买。三十岁之后，对书店视而不见，直接去了隔壁的美容院。17.Nooneengagedononlyonestageinthemanufactureofaproductcouldsavepartofhisoutput,sincehewouldbeproducingnothingcomplete.18.Anykindofcamerawilldothathasashutterthatcanbemadetoremainopenforatimeexposure.19.Howmanyofus,attending,say,alecturethatdoesn’tinterestus,cankeepourmindsfromwondering?20.Thepumaleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.21.Electronicshasmadepossibleanewkindofhighereducationandresearch.22.Manysweetlittleappeals,halftender,halfjoking,didMissSharpmaketoJosaboutthedishesatdinner,forshewasnowveryfriendlywithallthefamily.23.Thebestthingthatcouldhappeninthenextgeneration,thethingthatwouldmakemostpeoplehappy,individuallyandcollectively,wouldbeareturntothisfaiththatallmen,nomatterwhotheyareorhowmuchtheyknow,cantelloneanothersomething.24.Usuallythatwhichamancallsfateisawebofhisownweaving,fromthreadsofhisownspinning.25.Imaginetheeffectonareasonablyadvancedtechnologicalsociety,onethatstilldoesnotpossessthebomb,ofmakingitawareofthepossibility,ofsupplyingsufficientdetailstoenablethethingtobeconstructed.26.TheVictorians,realizingthatthegreatesthappinessaccorded（给予）tomanisthatprovidedbyahappymarriage,endeavoredtopretendthatalltheirmarriageswerehappy.We,forourpart,admittingthefactthatnofeat（技艺）ofintelligenceandcharacterissoexacting（严格的）asthatrequiredoftwopeoplewhodesiretolive permanentlytogetheronthebasisofamity（友善）areobsessedby（被困扰）theproblemofhowtorender（使得）thebasicfactsofcohabitation（同居）simplerandmorereasonable,inorderthatunhappymarriagesmaylessfrequentlyresult.TheVictorianswouldhaveconsideredit“painful”or“unpleasant”wereonetopointoutthatonlyfourmarriagesoutofeverytenareanythingbutforcedservitudes（奴役）.Weourselvesstartfromthisveryassumptionandtrytobuildfromitatheoryofmoresensiblerelationsbetweenthesexes.Ofallformsofarrant（彻头彻尾的）untruthfulnessVictorianoptimismappearstometohavebeenthemostcowardlyandthemostdamaging.27.Asocietythatgivestooneclassalltheopportunitiesforleisure,andtoanotheralltheburdensofwork,dooms,bothclasses,tospiritualsterility.28.Whatpeoplefearwhentheyengageinthestruggleforlifeisnotthattheywillfailtogettheirbreakfastnextmorning,butthattheywillfailtooutshine(胜过)theirneighbor.29.Themanwhoisbornwithatalentwhichhehasmeanttousefindshisgreatesthappinessinusingit.30.Shehasmadeseveralattemptstohelpthemfindotherrentalquarterswithoutsuccess.她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。31.Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargue,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresentdaynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlytoitsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless”.32.Althoughithasbeenpossibletoinferfromthegoodsandservicesactuallyproducedwhatmanufacturersandservicingtradesthoughttheircustomerswanted,onlyastudyofrelevantpersonaldocumentswrittenbyactualconsumerswillprovideaprecisepictureofwhowantedwhat.33.ThepursuitofprivateinterestswithaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernmentwasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogressratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.34.Thusinadditiontothechancesofgoingawayfromtherightpathoutlinedabove,thescientificinvestigatorsshareswiththeordinarycitizenthepossibilitiesoffallingintoerrorsofreasoninginthewayswehavejustindicated,andmanyothersaswell.35.Oneneedonlyaskfirst-yearuniversitystudentswhatmusictheylistento,howmuchofitandwhatitmeanstothem,inordertodiscoverthatthephenomenonisuniversalinAmerica,whichbeginsinadolescenceorabitbeforeandcontinuesthroughthecollegeyears.36.CanyouansweraquestionwhichIwanttoaskandwhichispuzzlingme?我有一个问题弄不清，想请教你，你能回答吗？37.Anideathatisnotdangerousisunworthyofbeingcalledanideaatall.38.Menarenotalwaysmadethoughtfulbybooks;buttheyaregenerallymadethoughtfulbyassociationwithmenwhothink.39.IwashappytothinkChangdasaowascomfortablycaredforinheroldageasshewenttolivewithherdaughterMei-Lee,whomarriedapostalserviceemployee.张大嫂晚年跟女儿美丽一起生活。美丽嫁给了一个邮局职员，两人对张大嫂照顾的很好。想到这些，我心里无比的欣慰。 40.Themanwhotriedhisbestandfailedissuperiortothemanwhonevertried.41.Ifamanhasn’tdiscoveredsomethingthathewilldiefor,heisn’tfittolive.42.Icalledupthemanwhowrotethebookthatyoutoldmeabout.你向我谈起过的那本书，它的作者，我给他打电话了。43.Powertendstocorruptandabsolutepowercorruptsabsolutely.44.ItwasakeendisappointmentwhenIhadtopostponethevisitwhichIhadintendedtopaytoBeijingonOct.1,2005.我原来打算2005年10月1日来北京旅游，后来不得不推迟，这使我非常失望。45.HehadflowninjustthedaybeforefromGeorgiawherehehadspenthisvacationbaskinginCaucasiasunafterthecompletionoftheconstructionjobinwhichhehadbeenengagedintheSouth.他原来在南方参加一项建筑工程，任务完成后上格鲁吉亚去度假，享受高加索的阳光，头一天才坐飞机回来。46.Happyfamiliesarealike;everyunhappyfamilyisunhappyinitsownway.47.Thereisnoformulaforsuccess.Butthereisaformulaforfailureandthatistryingtopleaseeverybody.48.Thechiefknowledgethatamangetsfromreadingbooksistheknowledgethatveryfewofthemareworthreading.读书主要使人认识到，很少的书是值得一读的。49.Hewhothinksthathecangovernbyforcealoneisgreatlymistaken:mencanbestbegovernedbyloveandjustice.如果有人认为仅靠武力就可统治，那么他就大错特错了。统治人的最好手段是爱与公正。50.Everysocietyhonorsitsliveconformistsanditsdeadtroublemakers.51.Marriage,ifonewillfacethetruth,isanevil,butanecessaryevil.52.Youshouldnotshowyourhandtoastranger.对陌生人要存几分戒心。53.Heisnotwithoutrealcouragewhodarestotellthetruthevenathisownexpense.如果一个人能够不惜牺牲自己的利益而讲出真话，那么他就是个真正有勇气的人。54.Collegestudentsshouldbecometrampsinthespiritualworldbutnotoncampusorinthestreets.55.Nothingcomesfromnothing.无风不起浪。/世界上的任何事物都是作为原因的结果而存在。56.Manyofusnolongerhavethepeaceofmindnecessarytoaquiethourwithabook.57.AbrahamLincolnisthemostfamousinstanceoftheclaimthatAmericansoftenmadethatintheircountryamanmayrisefromthelowesttothehighestposition.美国人经常声称，在他们国家一个人可以从最底层爬到最高层，林肯就是最著名的例子。58.Thereasonablemanadaptshimselftotheworld;theunreasonableonepersistsintryingtoadapttheworldtohimself.Therefore,allprogressdependsontheunreasonableman.59.Hedoesnotworkhard,forhespendsallhistimewithhisgirlfriend.他不好好学习，整天谈恋爱。60.Ouruniversityhasabiasinfavorofthesciences.61.Nothingintheworldrendersamanindispensablesavelove.62.Whatcounts/mattersisnotwhatoneseesbutwhatonefindsinwhathesees.63.Whenyoumakeaworldtolerableforyourself,youmakeaworldtolerableforothers. 64.Ileftamessageforyouwithyoursecretary.我给你留了一个信儿交给你秘书了。65.Ileavethebabywithmymothereveryday.我每天都把婴儿交给我母亲照料。66.Nothingistrueinthenewspaperexceptthenames;everythingistrueinfictionexceptthenames.67.Successinmakingmoneyisnotalwaysagoodcriterionforsuccessinlife.68.Withoutfaith,amancandonothing;withit,allthingsarepossible.69.Allthisworldlywisdomwasoncetheunamiableheresyofsomewiseman.这个世俗世界的所有智慧都曾经是某个聪明人不可调和的异端邪说。70.Jealousyisalwaysbornwithlove,butdoesnotalwaysdiewithit.71.Mostpeoplearenothingbutwageslaves.72.Whatisstrikingandbeautifulisnotalwaysgood,butwhatisgoodisalwaysbeautiful.73.Tellmewhatyoulike,andI’lltellyouwhatyouare.74.Weareshapedandfashionedbywhatwelove.我们是由我们所爱的事物塑造和改变的。75.Theonlyvalueinachievingone’sambitionisthatyouthenrealizethattheyarenotworthachieving.76.Whatreallycountsisnotwhatyouknowbuthowmuchyoupracticewhatyoubelieveisright.真正重要的不是你知道什么，而是你对于自己相信正确的东西践行了多少。77.IamwhereIamdifferentfromothers.我之为我就在于异乎他人。78.Educationisthatwhichremains,ifonehasforgotteneverythinghelearnedinschool.79.Nothingwilleverbeattemptedifallpossibleobjectionsmustbefirstovercome.如果做一件事之前需要驳倒所有的反对意见，那一件事也做不成。80.Youmaybedeceivedifyoutrusttoomuch,butyouwillliveintormentifyoudonottrustenough.如果你过于相信任他人，你可能会上当受骗，但若你对他人没有足够的信任，你则会备受折磨。81.Capitalpunishmentisasfundamentallywrongasacureforcrimeascharityiswrongasacureforpoverty.将死刑作为消除犯罪的方法如同想靠慈善解决贫困问题一样，是一个根本性的错误。82.Hewasawakenedbysomeoneshoutingoutside.83.Sheisfondofcoffeebeingservedafterdinner.84.Idon’tlikeJackandHenryspeakingillofeachother.85.Iamnotsurprisedatoldandyoungfallinginlovewithher.86.Heisopposedtotheideaofmoneybeingeverything.87.Whatablessingitwouldbeifwecouldopenandshutourearsaseasilyaswedooureyes.要是人的耳朵也能像眼睛一样随心所欲地时开时闭，那我们就可谓三生有幸了。88.Richmenwithoutconvictionsaremoredangerousinmodernsocietythanpoorwomenwithoutchastity.89.Thegreatsocietyisaplacewheremenaremoreconcernedwiththequalityoftheirgoalsthanthequantityoftheirgoods.90.Badmenlivethattheymayeatanddrink,whereasgoodmeneatanddrinkthattheymaylive. 91.Thereisnomansolearnedbutwhathecanlearnsomethingfromthisbook.再博学的人都会从本书中学到一些东西。92.EnglishmajorsshouldnotbecomemachineswhichcanspeakalittledailyEnglish.93.Ilikemenwhohaveafutureandwomenwhohaveapast.94.Amanwhohasnevergonetoschoolmaystealfromafreightcar,butifhehashadauniversityeducation,hemaystealfromthewholerailroad.95.Onewhosellshisfreedomforgoldwillbereducedtothestatusofaslaveforever.96.Manisarationalanimalwhoalwaysloseshistemperwhenheiscalledupontoactinaccordancewiththedictatesofreason.人是理性的动物，在被要求依据理性行动时总是大发雷霆。97.Heisamanwho(that)meanswhathesays.98.Thosewhohavemostvirtueintheirmouthshaveleastofitintheirbosoms.满口仁义道德的人心中几乎没有道德。99.Heisawisemanwhodoesnotgrieveforthethingswhichhehasnot,butrejoicesforthosewhichhehas.100.Theamountofeccentricityinasocietyisgenerallyproportionatetotheamountofgenius,mentalvigor,andmoralcourageitcontains.101.Anationrevealsitselfnotonlybypeopleitproduces,butbypeopleithonorsandremembers.102.Ifyouwouldnotbeforgottenassoonasyouaredead,eitherwritethingsworthreadingordothingsworthwriting.103.Learningmakesagoodmanbetterandanillmanworse.104.Readingfurnishesthemindonlywiththematerialsofknowledge;itisthinkingmakeswhatwereadours.105.Manwilldomanythingstogethimselfloved;hewilldoallthingstogethimselfenvied.为了赢得别人的爱，人们愿意付出努力；为了让人羡慕，人们会不遗余力。106.Scufflesandclashesbecameamatterofdailyoccurrenceforthesegangsters.打架斗殴成了这伙人的家常便饭。107.Tosuppose,aswesuppose,thatwecouldberichandnotbehaveastherichbehave,islikesupposingthatwecoulddrinkalldayandkeepabsolutelysober.108.Thewholesignificanceoflifeliesintheunremittingeffortstoexploretheunknownandbecomewise.109.Notignorance,buttheignoranceofignorance,isthedeathofknowledge.110.Arichmanisnothingbutapoormanwithmoney.111.Executeeveryactofthelifeasthoughitwerethelast.112.Wesometimesthinkthatwehateflattery,butweonlyhatethemannerinwhichitisdone.113.Therearenoconditionstowhichamancannotbecomeaccustomed,especiallyifheseesthatallthosearoundhimliveinthesameway.没有什么环境是人所不能适应的，尤其是在看到周围的人都以相同方式过活时。114.There’snoplacewheresuccesscomesbeforework,exceptinthedictionary.115.Thedeclineofliteratureindicatesthedeclineofanation;thetwokeeppaceintheirdownwardtendency. 116.Onemachinecandotheworkoffiftyordinarymen.Nomachinecandotheworkofoneextraordinaryman.117.Manoftenapplaudsanimitation,andhisstherealthing.人们往往对假货喝彩，对真品发出嘘声。118.Ifmoneyisyourhopeforindependence,youwillneverhaveit.119.Whenpeoplearefreetodowhattheyplease,theyusuallyimitateeachother.120.Thatbeingthecase,we’dbettermakeanotherplan.123.Weatherpermitting,we’llgothereonfoot.124.Everythingtakenintoconsideration,hisplanseemstobemoreworkable.125.Hewaslyingonthegrass,hishandscrossedunderhishead.126.Hereturnedthreedayslater,hisfacecoveredwithmudandhisclothestornintopieces.Havingbeenwarnedabouttyphoon,thefishermansailedforthenearestharbor.127.Tobeeducatedistobechangedintellectually,mentallyandspiritually.128.Tobeignorantofone’signoranceisthemaladyoftheignorant.129.Moneyisawonderfulthing,butitispossibletopaytoohighapriceforit.130.Itisbettertobehatedforwhatyouarethanlovedforwhatyouarenot.装模作样被人爱不如本本真真被人恨。131.It’sgoodtohavemoneyandthethingsthatmoneycanbuybutit’sgoodtocheckuponceinawhiletomakesureyouhaven’tlostthethingsthatmoneycan’tbuy.132.Tobeangryistorevengethefaultsofothersonourselves.生气就是用别人的过错来向自己报复。133.Themostimportantthingistobecomewhateveryouarewithoutshame.最重要的是无愧无悔本色做人。134.Computersmakeiteasiertodoalotofthings,butmostofthethingstheymakeiteasiertododon’tneedtobedone.135.Weshouldcomeoutofuniversitynotasworldlyandstick-in-the-mud（目光短浅、思想迟钝）menandwomenbutasindividualswiththeabilitytothinkforourselves,judgeforourselvesanddecideforourselves.136.Hiseagernesstogetbackhomewasquiteobvious.137.Inordertobeirreplaceable,onemustalwaysbedifferent.138.Todogreatwork,amanmustbeveryidleaswellasveryindustrious.成就大事业者必须既有闲又勤奋。139.Workisnottomakemoney;youworktojustifylife.140.Inthedoorwaylayatleasttwelveumbrellasofallsizesandcolors.门口放着一堆雨伞，少说也有十二把，五颜六色，大小不一。141.Thethoughtofreturningfilledhimwithfear.142.Hisfailuretoobservethesafetyregulationsresultedinanaccidenttothemachinery.因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。143.TherearemanywonderfulstoriestotellabouttheplacesIvisitedandthepeopleImet.我访问过一些地方，遇到不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着哩。144.Amothertakestwentyyearstomakeamanofherboy,andanotherwomanmakesafoolofhimintwentyminutes.145.Ineverwondertoseemenwicked,butIoftenwondertoseethemnotashamed. 146.Nothingistrueinthenewspaperexceptthenames;everythingistrueinfictionexceptthenames.147.Thepresidentsaidatapressconferencedominatedbyquestionsonyesterday’selectionresultsthathecouldnotexplainwhytheRepublicanshadsufferedsuchawidespreaddefeat,whichintheendwoulddeprivetheRepublicanPartyoflog-heldsuperiorityintheHouse.148.Vocabularystudythroughwordlistsanddictionaries,aspracticedinschool,posesnewproblems,primarilybecauseofthemechanicsofdictionarystudyasopposedtointeractionwithresponsiveadults.149.Somecountriesallowcourtstodisqualifyfromdrivingthoseoffenderswhohaveusedmotorvehiclesincommissionofthecrimeforwhichtheyarebeingsentenced,withtheaimofhinderingtheoffendersfromcommittingfurthersuchoffenses.150.Hewhoispleasedwithnobodyismuchmoreunhappythanhewithwhomnobodyispleased.151.AmongthedriveswhichtheytookwasonetoRussellSquaretothehouseoftheSedleys,formanynoteshadpassed,asmaybeimagined,betweenthetwodearfriends,sinceBeckycametotown.152.Manysweetlittleappeals,halftender,halfjoking,didMissSharpmaketoJosaboutthedishesatdinner,forshewasnowveryfriendlywithallthefamily.153.Butanotherroundofwarintheregionclearlywouldputstrainsoninternationalrelations.但是，如果该地区再次发生战争，显然会使国际关系处于紧张状态。154.ThepursuitofprivateinterestswithaslittleinterferenceaspossiblefromgovernmentwasseenastheroadtohumanhappinessandprogressratherthanthepublicobligationandinvolvementinthecollectivecommunitythatemphasizedbytheGreeks.155.Halfourmistakesinlifearisefromfeelingwhereweoughttothink,andthinkingwhereweoughttofeel.人生中的过失有一半失之于应该动脑筋的时候动情，应该动情的时候却动脑筋。156.WaldenPond,oncepraisedbyThoreauforitsnaturalbeauty,isnowthesiteofmanytouriststands.157.Almosteverysummernightthecoolingnortheastwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,makingairconditioningunnecessaryandalightblanketwelcome./Sweepingthroughourbedroomwindowsalmosteverysummernight,thecoolingnortheastwindmadeairconditioningunnecessaryandalightblanketwelcome.158.Thesteepsurroundingslopeswerecappedwithsnow,whichfedtwostreamsplungingdowntojoininthevalleybelow.159.Withtheriverononesideandalargetreeprovidingshade,thisisagoodspotforapicnic,andwecanspreadourblanketonthegrassyknoll（小圆丘）.160.Pantingforbreathafterrunningupthestairs,Mr.Woodstoodathisneighbour’sdoorandknockedagainandagaintillsomeoneopenedit.161.ThetownfolkenviedHorace,whohadcomeintoasmallfortunewithwhichheboughtabighouseandobtainedapartnership(合伙、合作关系)inthebiggestgroceryintown.162.Standinginfrontofthemirror,Jimlookedathisimage,wonderingatthebig changethathadcomeoverhiminrecentyears.160.Theideathathisonlydaughterwhomhehadgreatlywrongedmightneverforgivehimalmostdrovehimmad.161.Thestory,writteninplainlanguage,consistsofthreepartswithaninterestingplotcenteringroundanaristocraticfamilylivinginthe17th-centuryFrance.162.Mud-coveredandshivering,Johnsathunchedover（俯身）abowlofhotbrothpreparedbyhisfathertodriveoffthechill.163.FarabovethewatersofabeautifullakeandoverthetopsofthetallpinetreesgrowingonthesteepslopesofahillstandfiveChinese-stylepavilions.164.Fartherdownthestreet,theoldmanstoppedandleanedagainstalamp-post,listeningtoacheerfulsongcomingoutofarestaurantontheoppositesideofthestreet.165.Sarahsankinthenearestchair,completelyexhausted,herlimbsstiffwithcold,hermindapieceofblank.166.ThroughoutthedayMrsRymerbehavedveryproperly,herpleasant,refinedfacewearingagravelook,herelegantfigurewrappedindeepmourningwhileoccasionallysheutteredasighorasob.167.Tonythoughtitnecessarytobreakthenewstohisfamily,thatMr.Jacob,hisformeremployer,hadpromisedhimahalf-dayjobat20poundsaweek.168.Thethoughtthathemighthavewrongedhisfriendwhohadrenderedhimgoodservicesonmanyoccasionstroubledhismind,alreadyoverburdenedwithworriesandcares.169.Themenofthedisbandedroyalbodyguard,suddenlyturnedloose（释放、放任）ontothestreetofacapitalseething（云集、充满）withunrest,（动荡、骚动）unemployedandperhapsdisgruntledattheirabruptdismissal,wereapotentiallydangerouselement.170.FormanyyearsLondonhasbeenabusinesscenterwithhotelaccommodationforvisitingbusinessmentogetherwithwell-to-dotravelersbutcompletelyinadequatefortheswarmsofshort-staytouristslandingatHeathrowordisembarkingatDover.171.Nearingthetop,heclimbedrecklessly（不顾后果）fasterandfaster,hiseyesalreadyglowingwithtriumph,butsuddenlyheslippedandfell,tumbling（跌到、滚下、跌落）tothegroundandlyingmotionlessthere,acrumpled（倒下、倒塌）pile（瘫作一团）ofarmsandlegs.172.BertrandRussellwasoneoftheveryfewpersonswhohavereceivedboththeOrderofMerit（功绩勋章）,whichwasconferredonhimbytheBritishgovernmentin1949,andtheNobelPrizeforliterature,conferredinNorwayin1950.173.Moneyisasingularthing.Itrankswithloveasman’sgreatestsourceofjoy.Andwithdeathashisgreatestsourceofanxiety.金钱是种奇异的东西。作为欢乐的最大来源，它与爱情并列，作为焦虑的最大来源又与死亡相当。177.Wisementalkbecausetheyhavesomethingtosay;fools,becausetheyhaveto saysomething.178.Amaniscalledselfishnotforpursuinghisowngood,butforneglectinghisneighbor’s.说一个人自私自利，并非因为他只图自己的利益，而是因为他不顾邻人的利益。179.Theanimalneedingsomethingknowshowmuchitneeds;themandoesnot.180.Smallpox,themostdevastatingandfearedpestilenceinhumanhistory,ismakingusitslaststandintworemoteareasofEthiopia,oneinthedesertandoneinthemountains.181.Becausemanistheonlyknownreservoirofthesmallpoxvirus,thediseaseshouldbeeliminatedforeverwhenthelastinfectedpersonrecovers.182.Rightnowmorethan1,000Ethiopianhealthworkers,togetherwith10epidemiologistsoftheWorldHealthOrganization,arecombingthecountrysidetomakesurenomorecasesexist.183.WehavebeenstudyinghiminconnectionwithElizabethandrama,ofwhichhisworkwasapart.184.Andwehavefoundhimoftenusingoldstories,alwayswritingwithaneffortfortheatricalsuccess,andfrequentlyfollowingthemethodsofhiscontemporaries.185.Shakespearehascreatedahostofpersonstolivewithusandhehasmadeusseetheirvirtuesandfailingsandtheirlikenesstoourselves,andtheirmeaningforourlives.186.Itisridiculoustosuggestthattravelnecessarilybroadensaman’smindwhentherearesomanypeoplewhojustdonotnoticewhatthereisforthemtosee.187.Fortunatelythereareotherswhocannotlookoutofthewindowoftheirhomewithoutseeingsomethingfreshandwonderful.188.Theyareinterestedenoughtofindoutthereasonsforideaswhicharenewtothem.190.Whenastudentgoestoalibraryforthefirsttimehemaybepuzzledastowhattoreadofallthedifferentsubjects.191.Ifhewatchesacamelgrazing,hewillseethatalthoughitissupposedtobeoneofthemoststupidanimalsincreation,ithasatleastoneofthecharacteristicsoftheculturedman,thepowertopickandchoose.192.Mentalchewingoverisaverygoodprocessforaman,asphysicalchewingoverisforacamel.193.InthepresenthighlycommercializedageweareremindedofChristmasmanyweeksbeforetheevent.184.Manypeopledeplorewhattheyconsidertheover-commercializationofasacredholiday,but,underneathallthebusinessactivity,agreatdealofgenuineChristmasspiritistobefound.195.Thecustomofgivingpresentstoone’sfamilyandfriendsisaverypleasantonesolongasoneremembersthatitisthespiritbehindthegiftthatmattersmostnotthegiftitself.196.Thattreehassmallflowersbutlargeleaves.Soit’sarealugly,andIdidn’tbuyit.那棵树花小，叶子大，很难看，我没买。197.Itisacuriousfact,ofwhichIcanthinkofnosatisfactoryexplanation,thatenthusiasmforcountrylifeandloveofnaturalsceneryarestrongestandmostwidelydiffusedpreciselyinthoseEuropeancountrieswhichhavetheworstclimateandwherethesearchforthepicturesqueinvolvesthegreatestdiscomfort.198.Theisolationoftheruralworldbecauseofdistanceandthelackoftransportfacilitiesis compoundedbythepaucityoftheinformationmedia.199.Youcannotbesuretosucceedinlearningevenifyouhavegotallthefavorableconditionssuchasgoodenvironment,sufficientbooksandequipment,aswellasinstructionsandenlightenmentsfromscholarlymentorsandbeneficialfriends,whichareofgreathelp,though.环境好，图书设备充足，有良师益友指导启发，当然有很大帮助，但是具备了这些条件，也不一定能保证一个人在学问上就有成就。200.Writersandartistsshouldgetnutrition,andenrichthemselvesbyimmersingthemselvesamongthemasses,andbyplungingintothethickoflife.广大文艺工作者要深入群众，深入生活，汲取营养，丰富自己。