港口发展：理论延伸【外文翻译】

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1、外文翻译原文ContextualPortDevelopment:ATheoreticalApproachMaterialSource:××××××Author:RicardoJ.Sa´nchezandGordonWilmsmeierAbstractPortsplayacriticalroleasgatewaysandfacilitatorsoftrade.Inthelast20years,portshaveundergoneanintensiveevolutionintryingtoadapttoachangi

2、ngenvironment(changeindemand,etc.).Theresultsandmodelsfromthisevolutionprocessvarybyregionsandeconomiccontexts,particularlyindevelopingcountries.Whileportshavedevelopedinscaleandhaveconsequentlytakenonthechallengesofgrowingtradeflows,accessinfrastructuretopo

3、rtsorportdeliverycorridorsandinstitutionaldevelopmentshavelaggedbehind.Theresultingbottlenecksinsomewayreflectdeficitsandinsufficienciesintheinterplayoftheeconomicsystemandfactorsdefiningportdevelopment:transportdemand,thestructureoftrade,transportservices,i

4、nstitutionalcapacitiesetc.Atimelagintheresolvingofinfrastructuralbottlenecks,whichtoagreatextentdependsontheefficiencyandeffectivenessofinstitutions,cancausesignificantimpactsforregionaleconomies.Theprobabilityoftimelagsisespeciallyprevalentintheinteractionb

5、etweentheportandthemaritimesystemastheportsystemhaslonger,‘discrete’developmentcyclesincomparisontothemaritimesystem.Thischapterinvestigatesandevaluatesportdevelopmentastheconsequence(result)oftheinteractionofthreesystems:theeconomicsystem,themaritimesystem,

6、andtheportsystem;anddevelopsarelationalapproachtoportdevelopment.1IntroductionPortsfacilitatetradeandare‘gatewaystoglobalisation’.Exponentialgrowthintradevolumespairedwithcontinuousincreasesinshipsizeandadvancesinthetechnologicalevolutionofhandlinghaveconsta

7、ntlyalteredthe‘environment’forportdevelopment.Rodrigueetal.(1997)arguethatthetranspositionofaneconomicsystemintospacesignificantlyincreasestherelianceontransportation.Portshaverespondedtothesechangesthroughinvestmentininfra-andsuperstructures,butalsothroughd

8、evolution.Underthisexpandingenvironment,thelimitationsoftransportinfrastructureforspatialdiffusionincertainregionshavebecomeobvious.Theresultsandeffectivenessoftheseresponsesdifferthroughouttheg