软体品质管理

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1、軟體品質管理IntroductionWhatissoftwarequality?Howcanitbemeasured?Howcanitbemeasuredbeforethesoftwareisdelivered?SomekeyqualityfactorsSomemeasurableindicatorsofsoftwarequalityIntroductionThinkofaneverydayobjecte.g.achairHowwouldyoumeasureit’s“quality”?constructionquality?(e.g.s

2、trengthofthejoints,…)aestheticvalue?(e.g.elegance,…)fitforpurpose?(e.g.comfortable,…)AllqualitymeasuresarerelativethereisnoabsolutescalewecansayAisbetterthanBbutitisusuallyhardtosayhowmuchbetterForsoftware:constructionquality(建造的品質)?softwareisnotmanufacturedaestheticvalu

3、e(美學上的價值)?butmostofthesoftwareisinvisibleaestheticvaluemattersfortheuserinterface,butisonlyamarginalconcernfitforpurpose?Needtounderstandthepurpose軟體品質因素MeasuringQualityTheQualityConcepts(abstractnotionsofqualityproperties)MeasurableQuantities(definesomemetrics)Countstak

4、enfromDesignRepresentations(realizationofthemetrics)usabilityminutestakenforsomeusertask???timetakentolearnhowtouse?complexitycountprocedurecalls???informationflowbetweenmodules?reliabilityrunitandcountcrashesperhour???meantimetofailure?examples...FourKeyQualityConceptsR

5、eliabilitydesignermustbeabletopredicthowthesystemwillbehave:completeness-doesitdoeverythingitissupposedtodo?(e.g.handleallpossibleinputs)consistency-doesitalwaysbehaveasexpected?(e.g.repeatability)robustness-doesitbehavewellunderabnormalconditions?(e.g.resourcefailure)Ef

6、ficiencyUseofresourcessuchasprocessortime,memory,networkbandwidthThisislessimportantthanreliabilityinmostcasesMaintainabilityHoweasywillitbetomodifyinthefuture?perfective,adaptive,correctiveUsabilityHoweasyisittouse?McCall’sQualityFactorsoperationrevisiontransitionCorrec

7、tnessreliabilityusabilityintegrityefficiencyMaintainabilityFlexibilityTestabilityPortabilityReusabilityInteroperabilityGeneralutilityportabilityAs-isutilityMaintainabilityreliabilityefficiencyusabilitytestabilityunderstandabilitymodifiabilitydevice-independenceself-conta

8、inednessaccuracycompletenessrobustness/integrityconsistencyaccountabilitydeviceefficiencyaccessibilityc