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1、Low-coherencedeformationsensorsforthemonitoringofcivil-engineeringstructuresD.Inaudia,A.Elamarib,L.Pfluga,N.Gisinb,J.Breguetb,S.Vurpillota“IMAC,LaboratoryofStressAnalysis,SwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,CH-1015Lausanne,Switzerland‘GAP,GroupofAppliedPhysics-OpticalSeciion,GenevaUnive
2、rsityCH-1205Geneva,SwitzerlandRcccivcd25January1993;inrevisedform8March1994;accepted25March1994AbstractAnoptical-fiberdeformationsensorwitharesolutionof10pmandanoperationalrangeof60mmhasbeenrealized.Thesystemisbasedonlow-coherenceinterferometryinstandardsingle-modetelecommunicationfib
3、ers.Itallowsthemonitoringoflargestructuresoverseveralmonthswithoutnoticeabledrift.Nocontinuousmeasurementisneededandthesystemisinsensitivetovariationsofthefiberlosses.Thistechniquehasbeenappliedtothemonitoringofa20mX5mX0.5m,120tonconcreteslaboversixmonths.Itispossibletomeasuretheshrin
4、kageofconcreteanditselasticcoefficientduringpre-straining,givingreproducibleresultsingoodagreementwiththeoreticalcalculationsandmeasurementsperformedonsmallconcretesamples.Thispaperdescribestheopticalarrangementandtheproceduresusedtoinstallopticalfibersinconcrete.Keywor&:Ikformationse
5、nsors;Civil-engineeringstructures251.IntroductionBoththesecurityofcivil-engineeringworksandthelawrequireaperiodicmonitoringofstructures.Themethodsusedforthispurpose,suchastriangulation,waterlevelsorvibratingstrings,areoftenoftediousapplicationandrequireoneormanyspecializedoperators.Th
6、iscomplexityandtheresultingcostslimitthefrequencyofthemeasurements.Furthermore,thespatialresolutionisoftenpoorandtheobservationisusuallyrestrictedtothesurfaceoftheobject.Thereisthusarealdemandforatoolallowinganinternal,automaticandpermanentmonitoringofstructureswithhighaccuracyandstab
7、ilityoverperiodstypicallyoftheorderof100yearsforbridges.Inthisframework,fiber-opticsmartstructures(i.e.,structureswithself-testingcapabilities)aregaininginimportanceinmanyfieldsincludingaeronauticsandcompositematerialmonitoring.Thistechnologycanbeappliedincivilengineeringandinparticul
8、arfor
