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1、Low-coherencedeformationsensorsforthemonitoringofcivil-engineeringstructuresD.Inaudia,A.Elamarib,L.Pfluga,N.Gisinb,J.Breguetb,S.Vurpillota“IMAC,LaboratoryofStressAnalysis,SwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,CH-1015Lausanne,Switzerland‘GAP,GroupofAppliedPhysics-OpticalS
2、eciion,GenevaUniversityCH-1205Geneva,SwitzerlandRcccivcd25January1993;inrevisedform8March1994;accepted25March1994AbstractAnoptical-fiberdeformationsensorwitharesolutionof10pmandanoperationalrangeof60mmhasbeenrealized.Thesystemisbasedonlow-coherenceinterferometryinsta
3、ndardsingle-modetelecommunicationfibers.Itallowsthemonitoringoflargestructuresoverseveralmonthswithoutnoticeabledrift.Nocontinuousmeasurementisneededandthesystemisinsensitivetovariationsofthefiberlosses.Thistechniquehasbeenappliedtothemonitoringofa20mX5mX0.5m,120tonc
4、oncreteslaboversixmonths.Itispossibletomeasuretheshrinkageofconcreteanditselasticcoefficientduringpre-straining,givingreproducibleresultsingoodagreementwiththeoreticalcalculationsandmeasurementsperformedonsmallconcretesamples.Thispaperdescribestheopticalarrangementan
5、dtheproceduresusedtoinstallopticalfibersinconcrete.Keywor&:Ikformationsensors;Civil-engineeringstructures1.IntroductionBoththesecurityofcivil-engineeringworksandthelawrequireaperiodicmonitoringofstructures.Themethodsusedforthispurpose,suchastriangulation,waterlevelso
6、rvibratingstrings,areoftenoftediousapplicationandrequireoneormanyspecializedoperators.Thiscomplexityandtheresultingcostslimitthefrequencyofthemeasurements.Furthermore,thespatialresolutionisoftenpoorandtheobservationisusuallyrestrictedtothesurfaceoftheobject.Thereisth
7、usarealdemandforatoolallowinganinternal,automaticandpermanentmonitoringofstructureswithhighaccuracyandstabilityoverperiodstypicallyoftheorderof100yearsforbridges.Inthisframework,fiber-opticsmartstructures(i.e.,structureswithself-testingcapabilities)aregaininginimport
8、anceinmanyfieldsincludingaeronauticsandcompositematerialmonitoring.Thistechnologycanbeappliedincivilengineeringandinparticularforth
