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c语言与c的区别（ThedifferencebetweenClanguageandC）TherelationshipbetweenCandC++:AsmentionedaboveistherelationshipbetweenWin98andwinXP.C++isanewtheorybasedontheCincrease,playoutnewtricks.Soit'scalledCgaga.ThedifferencebetweenCandC++:Cisastructuredlanguage,itfocusesonthealgorithmsanddatastructures.ThedesignofCprogrammainlyconsidershowtoprocesstheinput(orenvironmentalconditions)throughaprocesstogettheoutput(orrealizetheprocess(transaction)control).C++,theprimaryconsiderationishowtoconstructanobjectmodel,sothismodelcanfitwiththecorrespondingproblemdomain,sowecangettheobjectstateinformationoutputorprocess(transaction)control.SothebiggestdifferencebetweenCandC++isthattheyuseddifferentmethodstosolvetheproblemsofthought.ThereasonthatC++ismoreadvancedthantheC,becausethedesignofthisconcepthasbeenintegratedintotheC++".Somemorequotesfromexperts:What'sthedifferencebetweenC++andC?Let'sanalyzeitstepbystepA,class,classforbeginners,itisadrag.Thepackageallowsbeginnerstiredontheprogram,feeluncomfortableandtrouble. Two,reference,thereferenceisC++thebestasfaraspossiblenottouseit,unlesscannotbut.Referenceforbeginnersismoreeasilyconfused,donotknowwhichisthereference,whichisvariable.Three,functionoverloading,functionoverloadingbeginnerslearnwhatdidnotseembad,butthiswillenablebeginnerstosubconsciouslytotheimportanceoftheClanguagevariabletypesofdesalination,rememberthatCisthelanguageofthemostsensitivevariabletype,thetypeofthevariableimportanceinClanguageisself-evident.Four,theflowoperator,thesameastheabove,makestheimportanceofvariabletypedesalination,andsometimescausebeginnerspuzzlingresults.Five,operatoroverloading,typicaladvancedapplications,beginnersmaynotneed,thisthingwillmakethemthinkC++isdifficult,highthreshold,donotunderstand.Six,inheritanceandvirtualfunction,looksprofound,practicalvalueisverylow.ItissomethingIwouldnotcomment,suchas:new,deleteoperatoretc.Seven,misunderstanding:inquestionandanswerform:Q:C++isobjectorientedandCorientedprocess?Answer:secondpairs,thefirstquestion,C++isnotcompletelyobject-oriented,therealobject-orientedlanguage,I'mafraid onlyJavaisconsidered.Q:canC++achievethefunctionthatCcannotdo?Answer:atleastIhaven'tfoundityetQ:isthereanyobstacletolearningCandlearningC++again?Forexample,programmingideasAnswer:atleastIhaven'tseenwhohavethissymptom.Q:learnCtolearnC++andstartagain?Answer:No,torealizeallfunctionsoftheClanguageunderC++.Q:IfinishedCmustlearntoC++programming?Answer:absolutelyunnecessary.Q:whereisC++betterthanC?Answer:moreinlinewithsoftwareengineeringQ:afterCC++isnotveryeasytolearn?Answer:itdependsonyouisnotreallylearnedClanguage.IhopeyoucanunderstandtheconceptofC/C++.C++isaprogramminglanguage VCreferstotheMicrosoftvisualC++isanintegratedtoolforthedevelopmentofopenc++programCisaprogramminglanguage,c++programminglanguage,c++isasupersetoftheClanguage,C++iscompatiblewithC,buttheinternallanguagerealizationoftwodifferent.C++greatmanynewcharacteristicsof.VC++integratedenvironmentofMicrosoft'ssoftwaredevelopment.InsidethemainapplicationoftheC++language,butVC++alsohassomeownsomethingunique.Asmentionedabove,VCandvc++isonething,isthatMicrosoft'svisualc++.VCisthedevelopmentofC,Cisaprocesslanguage,VCisobjectoriented.C#isanotherlanguageofMicrosoft,MicrosoftinordertogetridoftheframeworkofClanguageandsomeoftheshortcomingsofthedesignofacompletelyobject-orientedlanguage.InasenseVCisasemiobjectbetweenClanguageandc#languagehalf.NowonMicrosoft's.Netplatform,Languageisnolongeraboundary.Inasense,Javaisacrossplatformlanguage,.Netisacrossplatformlanguage.TherearetwoprogramminglanguagesThedevelopmentofClanguage TheClanguagewasfirstpublishedintheearly70s.In1978bytheAttCorporation(AT&T)BaerannouncedtheClanguagelaboratory.Atthesametime,B.W.KernighanandD.M.Ritchitcoauthoredthefamousbook"THECPROGRAMMINGLANGUAGE".Commonlyreferredtoas"K&R",alsoknownasthe"K&R"standard.However,inK&R,thereisnodefinitionofacompletestandardClanguage,andlateronthebasisoftheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,aClanguagestandardwaspublished,whichwaspublishedin1983.It'susuallycalledANSIC.ThemostexcellentprogramminglanguageofthetimeTheearlyClanguagewasmainlyusedinUNIXsystem.BecauseofitspowerfulfunctionofClanguageandvariousaspectsisgraduallyrecognized,in80s,Cbegantoentertheotheroperatingsystem,andsooninthevarioustypesoflarge,mediumandsmallandmicrocomputershavebeenwidelyused.Becomeoneofthemostoutstandingcontemporaryprogramminglanguage.FeaturesofClanguageClanguageisastructuredlanguage.Itisclear,easywaytoorganizeamodularprogram,easytodebugandmaintain.Clanguageandabilitytodealwith.Itnotonlyhastherichoperatorsanddatatypes,easytorealizeallkindsofcomplexdatastructures.Itcanalsodirectlyaccessthephysicaladdressofthememory,bit(bit)levelofoperation.BecausetheClanguageimplementstheprogrammingofhardware,theClanguagecombinesthefunctionsofhigh-levellanguageandlow-levellanguage.Notonlycanbeusedforthedevelopment ofsystemsoftware,applicationsoftwaredevelopmentisalsosuitablefor.Inaddition,Calsohastheadvantagesofhighefficiency,highportability.Itiswidelyportedtovariouscomputer,thusformingavarietyofversionsoftheClanguage.ClanguageversionAtpresent,themostpopularClanguagehasthefollowingseveralkinds:MicrosoftCorMSCBorlandTurboCorTurboCAT&TCTheseClanguageversionsnotonlyrealizetheANSICstandard,butalsomakesomeextensionsonthisbasistomakethemmoreconvenientandperfect.ObjectorientedprogramminglanguageOnthebasisofC,andin1983bytheBaerlaboratoryBjarneStrou-struplaunchedC++.C++furtherexpansionandimprovementoftheClanguage,becomeakindofobject-orientedprogramminglanguage.ThelatestversionofpopularC++isBorlandC++4.5,SymantecC++6.1,andMicrosoftVisualC++2.C++putforwardsomemorein-depthconcept,itsupportstheconceptofobjectorientedtomappingproblemspacedirectlytothespaceprogram,providesastructuredprogramdesignandthetraditionalwayofthinkinganddifferentprogrammingmethods forprogrammers.Italsoincreasesthecomplexityofthelanguage,soitisdifficultytograsp.C++andCHowever,CisthefoundationofC++,C++andClanguagesarecompatibleinmanyways.Therefore,masteringtheClanguage,andfurtherlearningC++,youcanlearntheobject-orientedlanguagewithafamiliargrammar,soastoachievethegoaloftwicetheeffortwithhalftheeffort.ThebiggestdifferencebetweenCandC++:isthattheyuseddifferentmethodstosolvetheproblemsofthought.ThereasonwhyC++ismoreadvancedthanCisbecause"theconceptofdesignhasbeenintegratedintoC++",andintermsoflanguageitself,theconceptofalgorithmismoreinC.So,Cisnotimportant,wrong!Thealgorithmisthebasisofprogramming,gooddesignifthereisnogoodalgorithm,notthesame.Moreover,the"design"Cplusgoodcanalsowriteverygoodthings.Thelanguageitself,CisasubsetofC++,itisasubsetofwhat?Asyoucanseeabove,CimplementsprocesscontrolandotherrelatedfunctionsinC++,whileCinC++(IcallitC+),ComparedtotheoriginalChasbeenstrengthened,theheavyload,inlinefunctions,exceptionhandlingandsoonthings,C++hasdevelopedtheobject-orienteddesignelements,suchasclasses,inheritance,virtualfunctions,templatesandcontainerandsoon.Alittlebitmore,inC++,thedatapackage,thesetypesofthingsisnotwhathappens,youneedtoconsideristheproblemsuchas:usingobjectgranularityselection,object interfacedesignandcombinationofinheritance,andinheritanceandsoon.So,comparedwithC,C++containsaricherconceptof"design",butCisaselfconsistentsubsetofC++,alsohasapowerfulfunction,itisalsoworthlearningSomesuggestionsforstudy:1.basicconceptsareimportant.NomatterlearningCorlearningC++,thebasicconceptsarethefirst,butalsomoredifficult,butonlygraspthebasicconcepttograsptheoverallcontext,inordertocondescending.2.CisasubsetofC++,itsbasicconceptsanddesignmethodsarerelativelyeasytounderstand,beginnerscanstartfromit.3.ifyouwanttolearnC++,itisrecommendedforbeginnerstodothebestinVC,theBCBplatformwrittenprocedures,theautomaticcodegeneration,brightlycolouredinterface,willmakeyouhelpless.You'dbetterfindaDOS(Unix)first,startfromscratch,writeafewbigprograms,takeafewrounds,andthengotoVC,BCB,youwillbeveryrelaxed.Inmyopinion,tolearnC/C++istobeVC,theonlywaywhichmustbepassedBCBmaster.4.don'twanttocrash,youmusthaveabyte,abittodig,trytoclearupeveryproblem.5.afewgoodbooks: MachineryIndustryPressthat"computersciencebooks"fromCtoC++,theobject-orienteddesign,TMDisaclassicintheGoodsareavailableinallvarieties.,bothclassicandfairprices,fairtrade.Thereareafewgoodbooks,Tanfather'sbookisgood,istheprogramtoomanymistakes.Inmodernsoftwareengineering,stronglyrecommendedthe"QinghuaZhouZhiying(,),itistherarebookIcansee,theessenceoftheessence,thekeypointsindetail,atleastitisEighteenStagestoSubdueaDragongradestuff.Thewebsitehttp://www.7351.cn/Soft/shipxiazai/200507/392.htmlprovidesuswithavideotutorialforC/C++.Thehttp://www.yzcc.com/yzcc/cyycjj/networkprovidesuswithC/C++tutorialelectronicversion.HowtoimprovetheprogrammingabilityofClanguage:LearningClanguage,TanHaoqiang's"Cprogramdesign"isaverygoodClanguagebooks,learningprogrammingisaverylongprocess,don'tworry,abookreadtwotimesthreetimes,learntocrosslearning,intheprocessoflearningC,youcanseethedatastructure,compilingprincipleoperatingsystem,suchasbooks,itishelpfultoplaninChengdu.Atthebeginningoflearning,firstdonotmakeupsomelargerprogram,moresmallprograms,suchasarrayoperations,charactercombinations,etc.,pointeristheessenceofClanguage,isamorecomplexpart.Seeyoursituation,compiledalearningsystem,theabilitytocontrolthelanguageisstillverygood, Ibelieveyou,youcanlearnagoodClanguage.C++learningmethodsorsuggestionsC++isanextensionoftheClanguage,learningdifficultyisrelativelylarge,iscurrentlythemostdifficulttolearnaforeignlanguage,comparedwithC,addssomenewfeatures,objects,inheritance,polymorphism,templates,STL(StandardTemplateLibrary),needtofullygraspthefouryearsofthelanguage,C++learningclassics:1.takeC++asanewlanguagelearning.2.see"ThinkingInC++","C++"don'tlookintodeath;3.lookat"TheC++ProgrammingLanguage"and"InsideTheC++ObjectModel",notbecausetheyaredifficult,andweourselvesarebeginners,sodonotsee;4.don'tbefooledbywordslikeVC,BCB,BC,MC,TC-they'reallintegrateddevelopmentenvironments,andwe'relearningalanguage;FiveDon'tletgoofanyseeminglysimplelittleprogrammingproblem-they'renotthatsimple,ortheycanstretchoutalotofknowledge; 6.withVisualC++,doesnotmeanthatyouwillC++;7.,class,STL,templateisnotdifficult,butalsosodifficulttogenericprogramming--isthelong-standingpracticeandsparenoefforttobelearnedinbooks;8.ifnotgenius,wanttolearnprogrammingjustdon'twanttoplaythegame,youthinkyoudo,infact,abilitylevelofyourC++doesnotandyoutogethertogethighclearance--itcankeepinmindforthegameoftheseriesC++;9.seeVisualC++'sbook,istolearnC++language;10.impetuouspeopletosay:XXlanguageisnotgood,shouldlearnYY;-areyouokay!?11.impetuouspeopletoask:whatshouldIlearnwhat;don'taskontheschool;12.impetuouspeopletoask:XXQiantu;-Isuggestyougotorobthebank;13.impetuouspeopletosay:IwantChineseversion!Ican'tspeakenglish!No?Study!14.impetuouspeopletoask:XXandYY-whichisgood;letmetellyou,aslongasyouaregood,youwillbefine;15.impetuousweredividedintotwokinds:a)-notonlytolearn;b)andnotonlylearningtopeople; 16.thefashionabletechnologyGuazaizuibian,stillbeinferiortotheoutdatedtechnologyinmind;17.C++isnotonlythesupportofobjectorientedprogramminglanguage;Oneofthe18.methodsoflearningthebestprogrammingistoreadthesourcecode;19.atanytimethattheirhandsarenotenoughbooks;20.pleaseread"TheStandardC++Bible"(Chineseversion:StandardC++Collection),mastertheC++standard;21.readthebook,pleaselookcarefully;cannotreadthebook,pleasegotosee;22.don'texpecttoseethefirstpassbookwillbeabletorememberandmasterwhat--pleaseseesecondtimes,thirdtimes;23.see"EffectiveC++"and"MoreEffectiveC++"and"ExceptionalC++";24.,donotstayinthecradleofintegrateddevelopmentenvironment,learntocontroltheintegrateddevelopmentenvironment,butalsolearntousethecommandlineprocessingprogram;25.andothersdiscussmeaningfulC++knowledge,ratherthanargueXXornotYYandZZwhichisgood; 26.see"programmingpractice",andstrictlyinaccordancewiththerequirementstodo;27.don'tthinkthatthemeaningandfunctionofCandC++areexactlythesamebecausetherearesomegrammarandkeywordsinitthatlookthesame;28.C++isbynomeanstheso-called"extension"ofC-ifC++wasoriginallycalledZlanguage,youwouldn'tbesoclosetoCandZlanguage;29.,pleasedon'tthinkthatlearningXXlanguageandthenchangingC++willhavesomeproblems-you'rejustlearningawholenewlanguage;30.read"InsideTheC++ObjectModel"laterfindshimselfnothavelearnedC++;31.tipstolearnprogramming:programming,programming,andprogramming;Pleasepayattentiontothefollowing32.books:"theC++object-orientedandefficientprogramming(C++EffectiveObject-OrientedSoftwareConstruction)""objectorientedsoftwareconstruction(Object-OrientedSoftwareConstruction)""designmode(DesignPatterns)"TheArtof"ComputerProgramming";33.remember:objectorientedtechnologyisnotexclusivetoC++; Pleaseputthebookonthe34.examplesofinputtothecomputerbypractice,evensupportingtheCDsourcecode;35.inthebooktoseeameaningfulexampleoftheexpansion;36.pleasepayattentiontotheexceptionhandlingtechniquesinC++,anditspracticalapplicationtoyourprogram;37.oftenreviewtheproceduresthatyouhavewrittenbefore,andtrytorewriteandapplythenewknowledgeyouhavelearned;38.don'tleavethebookanyexercises,pleasefinishallandrecordtheproblem-solvingideas;Thirty-nineTheintegrateddevelopmentenvironmentofC++languageandC++tolearnandmaster;40.sincethedecisiontolearnC++,pleaseinsistonlearning,becausethepurposeoflearningprogramminglanguageistomasterprogrammingtechnology,andprogrammingtechnologyiscrosslanguage;41.letC++languageofvariousplatformsanddevelopmentenvironmenttofiercecompetition,weshouldlearnC++languageitself;42.whenyouwriteaC++programwrittenbyhishalfbutfoundthemethodverypoor,pleasedon'tstop;pleaseassoonas possibletocompletetheremainingpartofthedesigntoensuretheintegrity,andthenanalyzedtheirmistakesandredesigningandwriting(see43);43.,donotimpatient,designC++classisnoteasy;theirownproceduresintheclassandtheirclassdesignlevelisconstantlyimprovedintheprogrammingpracticeanddevelopment;44.neverbecausetheprogramistoosmalltofollowcertainrulesthatyouarenotfamiliarwith-goodhabitsarenurtured,notremembered;45.everytimeyoulearnaC++difficult,trytoexplainthisknowledgetoothersandlethimunderstand-youcanspeakclearly,thatyoureallyunderstand;The46.recordintheexchangeandothersfoundtheirownneglectorlackofunderstandingofknowledge;47.,pleasecontinuetowriteyourownprogramhigherrequirements,evenifyourprogramversionnumberwillbecomeVersion100.XX;48.keepyouwrotealloftheprogram--thatisyourbestofaccumulation;49.pleasedon'tbeanimpetuousperson;50.pleaseloveC++! ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Supplement:Someideasonc++learning,hopeforbeginnerssomehelp1.,ifyou'venevertouchedc++before,thefirstc++tutorialisparticularlyimportant,andIthinkyoucanchoosethefollowingcriteria:Thestandarda.c++toexplain,afterall,c++hasundergonegreatchangesthanbefore.B.requirescomprehensive,butnotverydeep,thiswillhelpyouhaveacomprehensiveunderstandingofc++,layafoundation,andeasytounderstandteachingmaterialscanspeedupthepaceoflearning,letyourselfmaintainasenseofaccomplishment.C.shouldhaveacompleteexampletoexplainhoweachoftheknowledgepointsisused.Noticethecompletenesshere,notjustasnippetofcode.Becauseyouhavehadnopreviouscontactwithc++programming,completecodecanmakeyouhaveawholeconcept,andcanquicklygotopracticealot,becauseprogrammingisfromimitation,thecompletecodejusttotellyouacompletestep.Youdon'thavetofigureitoutyourself.D.recommends:"c++PrimerPlus"2.whenyouhaveacertainfoundation,wemustchoosesomebookstoquicklyimprovetheir.Thecharacteristicsofthesebooks isnotonlytoteachyouhowtouse,butalsototellyouhowtothink,andyouarenotsoeasytoread.Itmeansyouarenotprofound,readtomaster.Recommendation:"thinkinginc++","effectivec++","moreeffectivec++","c++programminglanguage"..."C++meditation"3.thenextstepisthesecondstepthebooksofrepeatedreading,andpractice.Becauseofthesebooksaprofound,eachpersonbasedonthebasisoftheirownwillhaveadifferentharvest,forexampleifyouhaven'treachedabasiclevel,thenyoucanturnablindeyetosomesophisticatedtechnology,donotbelieve?Youcantryandseeifyouhaveacertainimprovement,thenreadthepreviousbook,youwillfindalotofnewthings.----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IrecommendsomeclassicC++bookstoyou:C++programmingtutorialC++programmingthoughtC++UniversityCourseC++programminglanguageDatastructurealgorithmandapplicationc++languagedescription C++standardtemplatelibrary,tutorialandreferencemanualGenericprogrammingandtheSTLDepthexplorationofc++objectmodelDesignpatterns:elementsofReusableObjectOrientedSoftwareRefactoring-improvingthedesignofexistingcodeEssentialc++Effectivec++MoreEffctivec++C++primerThefirstfiveshouldbelongtotheintroductionofbooks,thelatterbelongstothelearningdifficultyisrelativelylarge,wanttoimprovetheprogrammingabilityofC++,seethesebooksaregood.Suggestyoutakethisbooktoseemoreprogrammingideas.Domoreexercises,isofgreathelptoimprovethelevelofprogramming.Infact,thelanguageisthesame,alanguagelearned,learningotherlanguagesisrelativelyeasy.Theindustryhassuchaview,becausetheJAVAlanguagecontainssomeofthecharacteristicsofC++,masteredtheC++,isequivalenttothemasteryofJAVA80%, I'majuniorstudent,andI'mlearningthelanguageofC++,morethanayear,thefeelingoflearningisreallytired,andIhopetobecomefriendswithyou!MyQQ:261174630FinallyIwishyoubetterandfurtherlearningprogrammingontheroad,Iwishyousuccess!!Infact,itcanbesaidthatC++isasupersetofC,extendedisC,CisasubsetofC++.CandC++arejustalanguage,nottosaythatC++isapackageofmanyfunctionscomposedofAPI,andthenconstitutetheMFCclasslibrarylanguage,butMFCencapsulatesalotofClanguage,C++languagefunctiontoformtheMFClibrary.CandC++areprogramminglanguages,butMFCisnot.BothCandC++areclosertodirectmanipulationofCPUandmemory,sotheyaremoreefficientthanmanyprogramminglanguages,butinevitablymorepronetoproblems.Infact,afunctionintheC,almostallcanbeuseddirectlyinC++,ofcourse,toincludethecorrespondingheaderfiles.Thesetwolanguagesaremorethantwo,althoughtherearedifferencesindetail,butthesameistoomuch,generallyprogrammingisusuallymixedprogramming.Intheprocessingofdocuments,theycannottellwhoismoreadvantageous.Infact,theefficiencyofC++isnotlowerthanthatofC,butusuallybecauseoftheabuseoftemporaryobjects,itseemsthattheefficiencyofCishigher,buttheC++ efficiencyisasgoodasthat.Butwiththecomplexissues,areusuallymoreefficientC++programming.ButoncetheCcodeisrelativelylong,difficulttounderstand,thanC++managementandmaintenance.ThebiggestdifferencebetweenCandC++isthattheyuseddifferentmethodstosolvetheproblemsofthought.C++'sideasandmethodsaremoreadvanced,detailedcontenthereisnotmuchsaid,youcanfindrelevantarticlesonlinereading.AsforthefunctionofCandC++inallthetreatments,seemstohavedifficulty.Youthinkabouthowmanyofthoseprocessingfunctionsare?Canyourmindrememberit?Remembertheaffirmationispartofthecommonlyused.Programmingmustalwayshaveatoolbook(entityorelectronicversionarecalculated),sothatitisconvenienttofindfunctions.Nowthenetworkisgood,tofindafunctionofBaidu,Googletwo,basicallycannotfindtheinformation,onlyyoucannotthinkofthefunction.MSDNispowerfulforreferencebooks.Ofcourse,therearealsosomeotheredited,youcheckthe"Clibrary"or"theClanguagelibraryfunctionsDaquan,"whatahsuchalot,todownloadfreealsoisgood,IuseMSDN,theothernothingseemstohaverecommended.Clanguageisthestructureorientedisprocessoriented,Javaisapureobject-oriented,c++canprocessorientedprogrammingcanalsoobject-orientedprogramming;heretheprocessoriented"isakindofprogrammingideas,specifically:Thestructureisdividedintomanymodulestoachievethefunctionofthefunctionofeachmodule,toundertakeafunction, eachmodulemightuseformanytimes,thiswillonlyneedtocallthefunctionontheline,withoutredefinition,codeandsavetime.Objectorientedisthatwedefinethefunctiontobepackagedasaclass,thatis,anobject,anobject,whichhasbothmultipleattributesandmultiplebehaviors,Astheprogramdesignoftheunit,toachievethefunctionsofthisclasshavetoachieve,istousetheobjectorientedclassdefinition,functiondefinitionlikestructureinthepost,youhavetocallthefunctionwiththefunctionofclasscanachievealotoffeaturesandthebehavioroftheobject,itiscancontainmanyfunctionmodulesthevariablesandclassescantransferispropertytransferisthevariablevaluedirectly,whichismorethanthemoreabstract,ahigherlevelofabstraction.AndthestructureoftheClanguagethatthelandlordsaid,heistodefinethedatablock,infact,heisonlytheobjectofobject-orientedattributes,withavarietyofvariables,andnoobjectbehavior.
